2660 Horizon Drive SE Grand Rapids, MI 49546 800-842-0466 www.safetyontheweb.com PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT FACILITATOR S GUIDE
What s Inside Overview 1 Facilitator s Guidelines 1-a Overview 1-b Getting Started 1-d Presentation Guidelines 1-f Lesson Plan 1-h Frequently Asked Questions 2 Why These Guidelines are Vital to Your Safety Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, exists to create a barrier between you and potential hazards. PPE is any type of clothing or equipment designed to come between you and potential hazards in the work place. Your responsibility is to wear the required PPE, as well as to know how to use and care for this equipment. PPE alone cannot eliminate potential hazards. Always keep machine guards or other engineering controls in place, and follow approved safety procedures. When on the job, your health and safety depend on being able to recognize potential hazards and to take action by selecting, and wearing, the correct PPE for the job. 4 Head Protection 6 Eye and Face Protection 8 Hearing Protection 10 Hand Protection 12 Foot Protection 14 Special Garments 15 Summary 16 Safety Quiz 2002 Summit Training Source Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means without written permission from Summit Training Source Inc. If you wish to purchase additional copies, please call our office at 1-800-842-0466. 1-a
Getting Started Training Materials Collect all of the necessary materials and supplies before training begins. Here are some suggested materials and supplies: A training location that is free of distractions, has good lighting, and a comfortable temperature. Desks and chairs arranged so that everyone will be able to see the viewing screen, the facilitator, and each other. The video, a VCR, and a TV with a remote. Make sure the video is rewound. An employee handbook and pen/pencil for each trainee. Each handbook includes a quiz at the back, which can be used to test comprehension and document training. Other supplies and equipment you may need - blackboard chalk, paper, handouts, transparencies, overhead projector, markers, notepads, etc. Additional information, such as a copy of the regulation or other reference tools. Preparation A successful presentation requires preparation and planning. Give yourself several days before the training session to get organized. Locate and schedule the training site as possible. Notify trainees of the training date and time, the training schedule, and proper dress. Obtain all necessary equipment and supplies. Make sure you know how to operate the TV, VCR, and other equipment. Check to ensure that it is working properly. Replace or repair any damaged equipment. Review all training materials, including the Facilitator s Guide, handouts, and any other reference materials. Prepare your presentation, including a lesson plan or outline of the training. Include the training goals and objectives. Some presentation guidelines are included on the next page. A sample lesson plan has been included on page 1-f of this Facilitator s Guide. A day or so before conducting the training session you may want to have participants take the quiz as a pre-test. The results of this test can help you to determine weak areas to focus on during the training session. Preview the videotape. Note any key points you want to expand upon in your training. 1-b 1-c
Presentation Guidelines How you present the training course can have a great impact on learning. By following these simple presentation guidelines and keeping your objectives in mind, you can effectively and efficiently get the most out of your training session. Organize Training Time Efficiently In today s busy work climate, it can be difficult to find the time needed for training, so it is important to be organized and wellprepared when you do schedule training sessions. Whether you use Summit s suggested Lesson Plan or not, it is important to have a lesson plan prepared that you can implement comfortably. This ensures that time spent in training is productive and beneficial for everyone. Stress the Purpose and Goals of Training Training needs to be goal-oriented. State the purpose of training in a clear, specific manner - whether it s to reduce injuries, increase production, improve quality, improve working conditions, etc. Review the goals and objectives of the training so trainees know what is expected of them. Make New Learning Experiences Pleasant For some adults, past experiences with education were unpleasant and not helpful. Adults learn best when they feel comfortable. By making the learning environment open and friendly, you can help adults to feel secure in their new learning experience. Offer support and feedback as often as possible, and be ready to provide extra attention to those who may require it. Ask If There are any Questions When most adults learn new information that conflicts with what they already know, they are less likely to integrate those new ideas. It is very important to make sure participants fully understand the training and do not have any unresolved questions. Provide for a question and answer period so participants can resolve those questions and/or answer questions throughout the training session. Capture Their Attention Training needs to be interesting and compelling to hold trainees attention. To help motivate learners, give them specific evidence that their effort makes a difference and provide feedback on their progress. Also, remember that the first experience with a new subject usually forms a lasting impression on the learner. By making that experience a positive one, you can help ensure your audience retains the information learned. 1-d 1-e
Lesson Plan As a qualified trainer, your job is to effectively communicate a great deal of information in a well-organized manner. By preparing a lesson plan, you can ensure that each minute of the training session is productive. Summit has provided a suggested lesson plan for your use. 1. Introduce the Topic and Purpose of Training Research proves that the audience retention is higher when programs are given a brief introduction before viewing them. Prepare an introduction that explains the reasons for training and what will be taught. 2. Show the Video: Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Create The Barrier 4. Use Handbooks to Reinforce Training The handbooks increase comprehension and reinforce the information learned in the video program by explaining the main points and expanding on the original material. For increased employee information retention, go over one section at a time and stop to answer questions. The quiz at the back of the Facilitator s Guide is provided to document employee training. Answers to the quiz are in bold. 5. Questions and Answers Provide for a Q&A session to answer any questions. It may be necessary to review some of the material when providing answers. The employee handbook, equipment manuals, and other reference tools may be helpful. 3. Discussion and Demonstration To help relate the training to your site, you may wish to incorporate your own discussion topics and exercises. Key issues you might consider include: When you must wear PPE. Proper hazard assessment will determine what PPE you require to protect your health and safety. Understanding hazards specific to your site and industry is important for selecting the correct PPE. What PPE is necessary to maintain your health and safety. Understanding the types of PPE available and how they function to protect your health and safety is a vital responsibility. Workers should be familiar with the various types of PPE available at your site and their intended uses. How to properly wear and maintain PPE. Each type of PPE operates and is worn differently. Improperly wearing PPE can render the item useless and place your health and safety at risk. Workers must therefore know how to properly wear and care for the PPE they need for their daily tasks. 1-f 1-g
Frequently Asked Questions Why These Guidelines are Vital to Your Safety Must I always wear PPE when required? Yes, if you work around hazardous conditions or materials you must always wear the appropriate PPE to protect your health and safety. Before beginning your work tasks, be sure your PPE fits well and provides the level of protection you need. Ask your supervisor or safety professional if you have any questions. In today s workplace, there is no automatic guard or shield against workplace hazards. You must rely on Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, to create the barrier between you and potential hazards. I find the hearing protection at our site uncomfortable; can't I work without it? No. For your own safety and health you must wear hearing protection when called for. Exposure to high noise levels can damage your hearing, causing irreversible hearing loss. Federal regulations require your employer to measure work place noise levels. If an 8-hour time weighted average exposure of 85 decibels or more is detected, you must be provided with hearing protection devices. A hearing protection device either covers the ears or goes into the ears to block excessive noise. Why are my regular hiking boots not adequate foot protection? Different hazards call for different forms of foot protection. Wear safety shoes with toe protection when you are working around heavy equipment, when handling materials that could drop on your toes, or when using heavy handcarts. Wear aluminum alloy, fiberglass, or galvanized steel foot guards over shoes if you need extra protection for the bridge of the foot. If puncture hazards like nails or wire are present in the work area, wear footwear with a metal insole or reinforced sole. Do not wear metal insoles where there is a risk of electrical contact. Wear impermeable rubber or neoprene boots if working with corrosives or other harmful chemicals. Check the Material Safety Data Sheet for specific recommendations. If working with live electrical power, wear shoes with non-conductive soles, made without nails or other metal parts. Rubber boots or shoes, and leather shoes with special soles provide traction when working in wet or slippery areas. Heat resistant soles should be worn when working on hot surfaces. Insulated footwear protects against cold or wet environments. In this handbook, we will examine: When you must wear PPE What PPE is necessary to maintain your health and safety How to properly wear and maintain PPE. Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, is any type of clothing or equipment designed to create a barrier between you and potential hazards in the workplace. Federal regulations require your employer to identify when and where you must use PPE in your workplace, and to select PPE that will protect you against any identified hazard. Your site must supply this equipment for you. Your responsibility is to wear the required PPE, as well as to know how to use and care for this equipment. 1-h 2
Why These Guidelines are Vital to Your Safety (continued) Head Protection PPE alone cannot eliminate potential hazards. Always keep machine guards or other engineering controls in place, and follow approved safety procedures. When on the job, your health and safety depend on being able to recognize potential hazards and to take action by selecting, and wearing, the correct PPE for the job. You must wear a hard hat whenever there is a risk of bumping your head on low objects, when there is a possibility of tools or materials falling from an upper level, or when objects are being carried or swung nearby. Hard hats are designed and constructed to resist impact and absorb shock. The one-piece outer shell protects against blows or penetration. The headband and crown straps absorb shock by spreading out the energy of an impact. Before beginning your work tasks, be sure your PPE fits well and provides the level of protection you need. Ask your supervisor or safety professional if you have any questions. Key Point Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, is any type of clothing or equipment designed to create a barrier between you and potential hazards in the work place. Since PPE provides a barrier between potential hazards and your body, let s look closely at the body s three most vulnerable areas: the head (including the eyes and ears), the hands, and the feet. Make sure the hat fits correctly. Adjust the headband so the shell does not touch your head. About one inch clearance is correct. Keep the brim of the hat pointed forward to avoid having an object drop into your eyes. Inspect your hat daily for cracks or damage. Replace the headband when it becomes worn or stretched. Replace the entire hard hat if the shell is cracked, broken, or punctured, or if the hat has taken a heavy blow. 3 4
Head Protection (continued) Eye and Face Protection Key Point To clean your hat, dip it in warm, soapy water, scrub, rinse, and dry. Remove the sweatband and wash it periodically. Store the hat in a safe, cool place. Avoid leaving the hat in direct sunlight or areas of intense heat such as the back window of a car or truck. The combination of intense heat and ultraviolet light can deteriorate the shell. You must wear the appropriate eye or face protection when exposed to potential hazards from flying particles, molten metal, liquid chemicals, acids, caustic liquids, chemical gases or vapors, or potentially hazardous light radiation. The type of eye or face protection needed depends on the potential hazard faced. Wear safety glasses with side shields if exposed to: Flying objects like wood, metal, plastic, or stone fragments Swinging objects such as ropes or chains Electrical arcs or sparks You must wear a hard hat whenever there is a risk of bumping your head on low objects, when there is a possibility of tools or materials falling from an upper level, or when objects are being carried or swung nearby. Do not use any type of metal eyewear if working around electricity. Wear safety goggles and a face shield if there is the possibility of splashes from chemicals or molten metal. A face shield is considered to be secondary protection and must always be worn with either safety glasses or goggles. Key Point PPE alone cannot eliminate potential hazards. Always keep machine guards or other engineering controls in place, and follow approved safety procedures. Wear specially designed chemical goggles if dust, fumes, mists, gases, or vapors are present. Welding goggles with filtered lenses protect against radiant energy from welding, cutting, and ultraviolet or infrared light. 5 6
Eye and Face Protection (continued) If you come in contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials, wear safety glasses. Safety glasses must fit well to be effective. They should be snug on the bridge of the nose with the temples adjusted to keep the center of the lens in front of the eye. With goggles, adjust the strap and place them low on the back of the head for the proper fit. Hearing Protection Exposure to high noise levels can damage your hearing, causing irreversible hearing loss. Federal regulations require your employer to measure workplace noise levels. If an 8-hour time weighted average exposure of 85 decibels or more is detected, you must be provided with hearing protection devices. A hearing protection device either covers the ears or goes into the ears to block excessive noise. If you wear prescription eyewear, use either prescription safety glasses or safety goggles over your prescription glasses. Do not wear contact lenses in dusty areas or where certain types of chemicals are present. Inspect your eye protection before each use. Replace eyewear when lenses are scratched or pitted. Cracked or pitted lenses may shatter easily. Replace any goggle straps that are knotted, twisted, or stretched out. Clean eyewear frequently with soap or mild detergent and water. Or use special lens cleaning solution that will not damage lens coatings. Store clean eyewear in a closed container, protected from dust and moisture. 7 Key Point Do not use any type of metal eyewear if working around electricity. Earmuffs have cushioned plastic cups covering each ear that are connected by a headband. Although they offer the best protection for the ears, safety glasses may interfere with a tight seal. Earplugs are inserted into the ear canal to effectively block noise. To insert correctly, pull the ear back with the opposite hand. Roll the earplug and insert into the ear canal. The plug will expand to fill the canal. Repeat with the other side. In some extremely high noise areas, both earmuffs and earplugs may be required. 8
Hearing Protection (continued) Hand Protection Inspect hearing protection devices before each use. Discard earmuffs that are loose, cracked, or do not seal well. Discard earplugs that are cracked, or are hard and inflexible. Clean hearing protection devices regularly following the manufacturer s instructions. Do not use alcohol, acetone, or other chemicals to clean hearing protection devices. Gloves provide an effective barrier between your hands and potential hazards. Do not wear gloves if they create a greater hazard such as when working around rotating parts that could catch the glove and pull the hand into a machine. While it is your employer s responsibility to provide hand protection, it is your responsibility to select the right glove for the specific job hazard you encounter. Store hearing protection where it will stay clean and dry. Do not squish earplugs when storing; they may not recover their shape, affecting the seal. Insulated gloves protect against heat and cold. Choose fire retardant materials for exposure to open flames. Reflective materials should be chosen for exposure to radiant heat. Neoprene, rubber, vinyl, and other materials protect against chemicals. No one glove protects against every chemical. Consult the chemical s Material Safety Data Sheet to be sure you are using the proper gloves. Insulated rubber gloves protect against electrical shock and burn. Cut-resistant or metal mesh gloves should be worn when working with sharp objects. Leather gloves guard against rough surfaces, chips, and sparks, as well as moderate heat. Cotton gloves are protection against dirt, splinters, and abrasion. 9 10
Hand Protection (continued) Foot Protection Inspect your gloves before putting them on. Do not wear gloves that are torn, cracked, or damaged. Make sure the hands are covered completely and the gloves fit snugly, but comfortably. When on the job, wear the appropriate work shoes or boots. They should be sturdy, in good condition, and must fit well. Never wear sandals, or shoes with open toes or heels. After working with chemicals, rinse the gloves thoroughly before taking them off. Remove the gloves so that the chemical does not touch your skin. Wash your hands after removing the gloves. Your work shoes or boots should fit comfortably. The uppers should be made of leather, rubber, or a strong synthetic material. The soles should provide good foot support, have low heels, and be of non-skid design for good traction. Wear latex, disposable gloves whenever there is a possibility of contact with blood or other infectious material. Store gloves right side out, cuffs unfolded, in a clean and dry place. Wear safety shoes with toe protection when you are working around heavy equipment, when handling materials that could drop on your toes, or when using heavy handcarts. Key Point No one glove protects against every chemical. Consult the chemical s Material Safety Data Sheet to be sure you are using the proper gloves. 11 Wear aluminum alloy, fiberglass, or galvanized steel foot guards over shoes if you need extra protection for the bridge of the foot. If puncture hazards like nails or wire are present in the work area, wear footwear with a metal insole or reinforced sole. Do not wear metal insoles where there is a risk of electrical contact. 12
Foot Protection (continued) Special Garments Wear impermeable rubber or neoprene boots if working with corrosives or other harmful chemicals. Check the Material Safety Data Sheet for specific recommendations. Many hazards can also threaten the body: heat, splashes from hot metals or liquids, impact, cuts, acids, and hazardous chemicals. If working with live electrical power, wear shoes with non-conductive soles, made without nails or other metal parts. Wool and specially treated cotton are two natural fibers that are fire-resistant and comfortable since they adapt well to changing temperatures. Flash-protective clothing protects against electrical burn. Rubber boots or shoes, and leather shoes with special soles, provide traction when working in wet or slippery areas. Heat resistant soles should be worn when working on hot surfaces. Insulated footwear protects against cold or wet environments. Wear removable, over-the-ankle spats when welding or working with molten metal. Do not wear shoes with tongues, or tuck your pants into your socks or boots, when working around hot sparks. Check your work shoes before each use to be sure there are no rips or holes. Repair or replace any footwear that does not provide adequate protection. Duck, a closely woven cotton fabric, is good for light duty protective clothing. It can protect against cuts and bruises on jobs where heavy, sharp, or rough materials are handled. Heat-reflecting clothing, such as leather, is often used to guard against dry heat and flame. Rubber, rubberized fabrics, and neoprene protect against many acids and chemicals. If a substance is extremely toxic, a completely enclosed suit may be necessary. Always inspect clothing for damage before use to ensure you are receiving the proper protection. 13 14
Summary Safety Quiz Personal Protective Equipment creates a barrier between you and a potential hazard. Your safety and health in the workplace depends on your ability to know when and where to use PPE. In this handbook, you have learned that you are responsible to wear the required PPE. You must know how to wear and care for PPE correctly. You must be able to recognize potential hazards and take action by selecting and wearing the correct PPE for the job. To review your knowledge of Personal Protective Equipment, answer the questions below. Your Name Date 1. Personal Protective Equipment, or PPE, is any type of clothing or equipment designed to create a barrier between you and potential hazards in the workplace. a. True b. False 2. Federal regulations require that: a. Your employer identify when and where you must use PPE and supply it for you. b. You must identify and supply your own PPE. c. OSHA and other regulatory bodies identify and supply PPE. d. All of the above. 3. You must wear a hard hat whenever there is a risk of, when there is a possibility of tools or materials falling from an upper level, or when objects are being carried or swung nearby. a. Violent weather b. Bumping your head on low objects c. Vehicle accidents d. Chemical hazards 4. If working around electric power, you should avoid footwear that: a. Has leather soles and laces. b. Has metal in the soles, or has metal parts. c. Is made of rubber. d. Is made of plastic or artificial materials. e. All of the above. 5. A face shield is considered to be secondary protection and must always be worn with either safety glasses or goggles. a. True b. False 15 16
Safety Quiz (continued) Notes 6. If you wear prescription eyewear, use for eye protection. a. prescription safety glasses b. safety goggles over your prescription glasses c. contact lenses at all times d. A and/or B 7. If an 8-hour time weighted average exposure to noise of decibels or more is detected, you must be provided with hearing protection devices. a. 65 b. 85 c. 100 d. 50 8. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about gloves? a. Insulated rubber gloves protect against electrical shock and burn. b. Cut-resistant or metal mesh gloves should be worn when working with sharp objects. c. Leather gloves guard against rough surfaces, chips, and sparks, as well as moderate heat. d. Cotton gloves are protection against intense heat, fire, and open flames. 9. Wear latex, disposable gloves whenever there is a possibility of contact with blood or other infectious material. a. True b. False 10. If working with live electrical power, wear shoes with soles, made without nails or other metal parts. a. Non-conductive b. Aluminum c. Paper d. Three-Inch 17 18