TABLE 3-1 English Population of Virginia, 1607 1640 Population in Virginia Colony Immigration to Virginia Colony 104 (April 1607) 104 (April 1607) 38 (Jan. 1608) 120 (Jan. 1608, 1st supply) 130 (Sept. 1608) 70 (Sept. 1608, 2nd supply) 200 (late Sept. 1608) 100 (spring 1609) 300 (Fall 1609, 3rd supply) 540 (1610) 450 (April 1611) 660 (1611) 682 (Jan. 1612) 350 (Jan. 1613) 45 (1613 1616) 351 (1616) 600 (Dec. 1618) 900 (1618 1620) 887 (Mar. 1620) 1051 (1620 1621) 843 (Mar. 1621) 1580 (1621 1622) 1240 (Mar. 1622) 1935 (1622 1623) 1241 (April 1623) 1646 (1623 1624) 1275 (Feb. 1624) 1210 (1625) 9000 (1625 1634) 4914 (1634) 6000 (1635 1640) 8100 (1640) total: 23,951 Although about 24,000 men and women immigrated to Virginia between 1607 and 1640, in 1640 the population stood at only 8,100. Most of the inhabitants fell victim to disease, although the Indian uprising of 1622 took 347 lives. Source: Data from Earle, Geographical Inquiry and American Historical Problems (1992) and Bernhard, Men,Women, and Children at Jamestown: Population and Gender in Early Virginia, 1607 1610, Journal of Southern History, LVIII (1992).
3-1 English Encroachments on Indian Land, 1613 1652 0 25 Miles 0 25 Kilometers NANTAUGHTACUND Potomac ONAWMANIENT MATTAPONI CHICKAHOMINY C H E S A P E A K E B A Y CHICACOAN RAPPAHANNOCK WICOCOMOCO MORAUGHTACUND CUTTATOWOMEN Coxendale Rochedale and Bermuda Hundred APPOMATTOC PAMUNKEY Henrico Curles Shirley Hundred Jamestown CHISKIAK York Rappahannock ACCOHANNOCK ACCOMAC WEYANOCK Kecoughtan and Point Comfort English settlement, 1613 English settlement, 1622 English settlement, 1646 English settlement, 1652 ACCOMAC Powhatan settlement Jamestown English settlement Locations attacked, 1622 James NANSEMOND ATLANTIC OCEAN
3-2 The English Colonies, 1660 A P P A L A C H I A N M O U N T A I N S NEW YORK (1664) B Roanoke L U E R I D G TUSCARORA CAROLINA (1663) Cape Lookout E M O U N T A I N S NOTTAWAY J ames Nottaway MEHERIN T R WEYANOCK (migrating) P a m l i c o. VIRGINIA (1607) Appamatuck York Pochic Nansemond Chowanoke Rockahock Batt s Trading Post Albemarle Sound S o u MANACAN n d Yeopin Christian Nansemond Currituck Sound Potoskeet Patomac Ginkaskin MARYLAND (1632) Patawomeke Pamunkey Nacutchtank Nanjemoy Portoback Piscataway Doeg Matchotic Patuxent/ Mattaponi Matawoman Mattaponi Chicahominy Nanzatico Portobacco St. Marys Choptanks Nanticokes Jamestown Monies Manokins Wicomicos Wicomocos 1607 Wicomoco/ Chicacoan/ Aquintica Pocomokes/ Cuttatawdmen Assateagues Pamunkeys Potomac MANNAHOAC CHESAPEAKE BAY Occahanock ATLANTIC OCEAN PENNSYLVANIA Susquehannock DELAWARE DELAWARE BAY Ciconicon Susquehanna Wilmington LENAPE/ DELAWARE Crossweeksung NEW JERSEY (1664) Raritans Towns Delaware Minisink Maghagemack Goshen Pequest MUNSEE Haverstraw Peapack Wiechquaesgeck Aquackannack Hackensack Newark Nayack Maspeth Ramenesing Wickatunk Lackawaxen Navesinck Aquehonga Cochiton Canarsee Manhattan Rockaway Massapequa Settled area Scattered settlements Town Settlement taken from the Dutch, 1664 T Trading post Indian settlement Indian reservation St. Lawrence NEW YORK (1664) A Hudson Mohawk Nochpeen Paugussett Kitchtawanck Poosepatuck Golden Hill Paugussett ADIRONDACK MOUNTAINS VERMONT WESTERN ABENAKI Wappinger MASSACHUSETTS Schaghticoke (1629) Squakheag Northampton Pootatuck Springfield CONNECTICUT Nipmuks Quinnipiac (1636) New Haven LONG Pequods Machentucket Natick ISLAND Corchaug Providence Shinnecock East Hampton Pantigo Montauk T Newport Winooski Missiquoi Lake Champlain P P A L A C H I A N M O U N T Mohawk Catskil Esopus Kingston Esopus IROQUOIS Housatonic Schenectady Albany Fort Nassau BLOCK ISLAND Connecticut Skitchewaug Wampanoag Sacomet Merrimack NEW HAMPSHIRE (part of Massachusetts) Coos Winnepesaukee Pennacook Ossipee Amoskeag Nashaway Exeter Wells Wamesit Portsmouth Salem Boston Plymouth 1620 Cape Cod A I N S MAINE (part of Massachusetts) 1630 75 T Pemaquid T Kennebec 1630 75 GULF OF MAINE EASTERN ABENAKI Penobscot RHODE ISLAND (1636) MARTHA S VINYARD NANTUCKET ATLANTIC OCEAN
TABLE 3-2 Acres Distribution of Land in Rowley, Massachusetts, 1639 1642 Rowley, 1639-c. 1642 No. of Grants over 400 351 400 301 350 251 300 201 250 1 151 200 1 101 150 51 100 7 21 50 22 20 or less 63 no record 1 Total 95 Between 1639 and 1642, the town of Rowley, Massachusetts, distributed a little over 2,000 acres to 95 families an average of just 23 acres per family, even though the grant to the town was for many thousand acres. Although most grants were for under 20 acres, some families received considerably more.the founders of Rowley wanted to recreate the hierarchical social order they had known in England. Source: David Grayson Allen, In English Ways:The Movement of Societies and the Transferal of English Local Law and Custom to Massachusetts Bay in the Seventeenth Century (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1981), p. 32.
3-1 Disappearance of New England s Forests 100 90 Estimated Percentage of Forest Area 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 Maine Vermont New Hampshire Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut 0 1620 1700 Years 1790 1820 1850 1865
3-3 New England in the 1640s Colonies Massachusetts Plymouth Rhode Island Connecticut New Haven New Netherland Lake Champlain S Connecticut A P P A L A C H I A N M O U N T A I N S G R E E N M O U N T A I N Merrimac W H I T E M O U N T A I N S Moosehead Lake PENOBSCOT York Kennebec Portland ABENAKI Penobscot MOHAWKSMAHICANS Hudson Albany LONG ISLAND Springfield NIPMUKS Windsor Hartford Stratford Stamford MOHEGANS WESTERN New Haven MONTAUK S NIANTICS PENNACOOKS MASSACHUSETTS EASTERN PEQUOTS NIANTICS Exeter Gloucester Salem Cape Cod Bay Boston Weymouth Provincetown Plymouth Sandwich Providence Barnstable Portsmouth Edgartown Newport NANTUCKET Mystic MARTHA S VINYARD NARRAGANSETTS East Hampton WAMPANOAGS ATLANTIC OCEAN 0 50 100 Miles 0 50 100 Kilometers