Risks and Hazards Identified Now What? Minnesota Safety Council Safety & Health Conference Minneapolis Convention Center May 9, 2018 3:40 p.m. - 4:45 p.m. Presented by: Cynthia Braun, CSP, CHMM, CET Braun Safety Associates, LLC Littleton, Colorado USA 303-933-9028 www.braunsafety.com
Braun Safety Associates, LLC 9882 West Unser Avenue Littleton, Colorado USA 303-933-9028 www.braunsafety.com CYNTHIA E. BRAUN CSP, CET, CHMM
Celebrate Safety, Inc. Littleton, Colorado 303-933-9028 www.celebratesafety.com
Session Objectives After attending this session, you should be able to: Name three steps to conduct a hazard assessment Quantify risk using a risk matrix Explain purpose of controlling hazards and risks Recite the ANSI Z10 hierarchy of controls Name three main components of managing risk Name two elements of a Risk Control Plan
Review: Hazard & Risk Assessment
Review: Hazard vs. Risk Hazard Condition Set of circumstances Action/behavior Inherent property that can cause injury, illness, death, damage, harm Risk Estimate of likelihood of occurrence of hazardous event or exposure, and the severity of injury or illness that may be caused by the event or exposure i.e., Chance that someone could be harmed by hazard(s), combined with an indication of how serious the harm could be
What is Hazard & Risk Assessment? Systematic approach to: 1. Identify hazards 2. Evaluate risk (severity and likelihood) quantitative or qualitative analysis 3. Determine, incorporate, and communicate safety measures, components, human interventions to manage/mitigate hazards/risk for a work process or activity
Risk Concepts What can go Wrong How likely is it? What are the Impacts Risk Level MANAGE RISK Purpose of Risk Management: to reduce/eliminate risk at source
Review: Hazard and Risk Assessment 1. Identify Hazards 2. Evaluate/Assess/Quantify Risk of Exposure to Hazards 3. Manage Risk
Review: Hazard and Risk Assessment 1. Identify Hazards 1. Physical Hazards 2. Chemical Hazards 3. Ergonomic Hazards 4. Biological Hazards 5. Human Factors
Review: Hazard and Risk Assessment 2. Evaluate/Assess/Quantify Risk of Exposure to Hazards - Probability - Severity
Risk Evaluation: Likelihood and Severity Likelihood (Probability) Categories & Descriptions
Risk Evaluation: Likelihood and Severity Severity Categories & Descriptions
Risk Evaluation: Likelihood and Severity Risk Matrix to Determine Risk Level Likelihood Remote (1) Occasional (2) Frequent (3) Severity Minor (1) 1 2 3 Moderate (2) 2 4 6 Major (3) 3 6 9
Risk Evaluation: Likelihood and Severity Acceptability of Risk Risk Score Risk Level Acceptability of Risk Recommended Actions <3 Low Risk Acceptable No additional risk control measures required. To continue to monitor to ensure risk do not escalate to higher level. 3 4 Medium Risk Moderately Acceptable Acceptable to carry out the work activity; however, task need to be reviewed to bring risk level to As Low As Reasonably Practicable. Interim control measures such as administrative controls can be implemented. Supervisory oversight required. >4 High Risk Not Acceptable Job must not be carried out until risk level is brought to at least medium risk level. Risk controls should not be overly dependant on personal protective equipment. Controls measures should focus on Elimination, substitution and engineering controls. Immediate Management intervention required to ensure risk being brought down to at least medium level before work can be commenced.
Risk Evaluation: Likelihood and Severity
Review: Hazard and Risk Assessment 1. Identify Hazards 2. Evaluate/Assess/Quantify Risk of Exposure to Hazards 3. Manage Risk
Purpose of Managing Risk Prevent injury/illness, fatality, damage Reduce losses Prevent future incidents Provide protection Achieve acceptable level of risk
3. Manage Risk 1. Make a Control Plan: - Apply Hazard/Risk Controls - Responsible Persons - Timeline 2. Plan Approval, Communication, Implementation, Maintenance 3. Record Keeping and Document Control
1. Make a Control Plan A. Task-Oriented Plan B. Process/Project-Oriented Plan Risk rated 3 or less Risk rated low to medium Risk rated more than 3 Risk rated medium to high risk Use Job Safety Analysis (JSA), Job Hazard Analysis (JHA), or Activity Hazard Analysis (AHA) Use checklists Use a planning team Identify control(s) for each hazard
1. Make a Control Plan A. Task-Oriented Plan should: Identify ways to protect workers from exposure to hazards of task/project Use Hierarchy of Controls (ANSI Z10) to reduce risk of exposure Result in the concept As Low As Reasonably Practicable (ALARP) Achieve an acceptable level of risk
1. Make a Control Plan A. Task-Oriented Plan should answer: Can I eliminate the hazard? Can I minimize the risks? Do I need help? Is there a better time to do the work? Do others need to be informed? What specific PPE and tools are required? What lock out or permit is needed? Is there a JSA or reliable method/procedure/checklist I need to review? 22
Example: Task-Oriented Control Plan JSA Job Safety Analysis Title of Job/Operation: Change tire on pickup truck Employee Name and Job Title: John Denver, Truck Driver Dept./Division/Section: Date: October 4, 2017 Analyst and Date: Approved By and Date: PPE required or recommended: Task Steps Potential Hazards Hazard Controls, Safe Work Practices, Preventive Measures
Example: Task-Oriented Control Plan JHA
Example: Task-Oriented Control Plan AHA Principal Steps Potential H&S Hazards Recommended Controls RAC 1. Collect soil sample Slips, trips, and fall hazards Awareness training for slip/trip/fall & biohazards - specific to areas L 2. Cleaning of sampling tools UXO/MEC hazard Slip resistant work boots or hiking boots required with L 3. Disposal of sampling waste Biological hazards reinforced leather sides that extend above ankle 4. Labeling of waste container Cold and Heat stress hazards UXO/MEC identification and procedures training L 5. Preparing labels for shipping Eye hazards All persons led by UXO/MEC technician L Cuts and abrasions hazards Arm, leg, and back strain from carrying equipment Awareness training cold/heat stress symptoms, precautions, monitoring, hydration requirements Safety glasses rated ANSI Z87.1 and hand protection required L L Lifting techniques to protect lower back L
1. Make a Control Plan B. Project/Process-Oriented Control Plan should: Identify ways to protect workers from exposure to hazards of task/project Use Hierarchy of Controls (ANSI Z10) to reduce risk of exposure Result in ALARP, achieve acceptable level of risk Evaluate and apply temporary and permanent controls Implement temporary measures until permanent (engineering) controls can be put in place Implement permanent controls when reasonably practicable
1. Make a Control Plan B. Process/Project Oriented Control Plan Step 1. Create a planning team, assign Team Leader Step 2. List operations, facilities, workers, work areas, others with possible impact Step 3. Outline potential hazards and harmful impacts H&S Hazards (chem., phys., biol. ergo) Natural hazards, weather, environment Environmental hazards and threats Human factors: sabotage, terrorism, threats Step 4. List and prioritize mitigation strategies for each hazard identified using hierarchy (ANSI Z10)
1. Control Plan Mitigation Strategy 1. Eliminate/reduce in design process 2. Substitute less hazardous methods/materials 3. Engineering controls/safety devices 4. Provide warning systems 5. Administrative controls, work practices 6. Personal Protective Equipment
1. Control Plan Mitigation Strategy
1. Control Plan Mitigation Strategy Combination of Controls In some cases, a combination of controls may be necessary to fully protect workers. Worker wearing respirator & coveralls in a ventilated spray booth.
Control Plan - Assign Action Items, Responsibilities, Target Dates Who and When? Team establishes timeline for completion Assign responsible persons to implement identified control measures Assign time frames and benchmarks
2. Control Plan Approval & Communication 1. Team seeks approval of plan with stakeholders before implementation - Managers, operations/area supervisors, front-line, maintenance - Acceptable level of risk, ALARP 2. Review plan to ensure no residual risk or additional risk arising from control measures 3. Communicate new control measures to affected persons 4. Information/training might be needed
2. Control Plan Implementation Roll out Team Leader: steers efforts, monitors action items, monitors timelines/benchmarks Team revises plan as needed Additional control measures might be needed Update risk assessment after additional control measures completed
2. Control Plan - Maintenance Evaluate work area to determine if hazardous conditions or actions still exist 1. Monitor/check implementation of new control measures; report progress to stakeholders 2. Perform Risk Assessment Review: - Done on systematic/scheduled basis to maintain a safe workplace - Based on company requirements, regulatory requirements - After an accident/incident occurs - Whenever change in process, activity, equipment occurs 3. Occurs through safety program components such as.
2. Control Plan Maintenance..Safety Program Components Inspections/Audits Walkthroughs JSAs/Procedures Engineering/Design Training Housekeeping Safety meetings Job Observations 36
3. Record Keeping & Document Control 1. Risk Assessment & Control records should be kept for as long as required 2. Keep records: As long as process/activity is still valid Throughout/end of project/product life cycle To comply with company retention requirements To support regulatory documentation for training, inspections, VPP
Process/Activity or Task - Risk Assessment Form Department: Location: Name of Task/Activity: Name of Person in-charge: Last Review Date: Next Review Date: Archive 1. Hazard Identification 2. Risk Evaluation 3. Risk Control SN Task Hazards Possible Consequences Existing Risk Control (if any) S L R Additional / New Risk Control S L R Action By Deadline Conducted by: (Name, designation) Approved by: (Name, designation) Signature: Date: Signature: Date:
Resources OSHA 3071
Review: Risk Assessment 1. Identify 2. Evaluate/Assess/Quantify 3. Manage Risk
SUMMARY Can You Describe: Purpose of controlling hazards and risks? Three steps to conducting a hazard assessment? ANSI Z10 hierarchy of controls? How to quantify acceptable level of risk using a risk matrix? Three main components of managing risk? Elements of a Risk Control Plan
Risks and Hazards Identified Now What? THANK YOU! Braun Safety Associates, LLC Celebrate Safety, Inc. Littleton, Colorado USA 303-933-9028 www.braunsafety.com www.celebratesafety.com