Breathing Emergencies Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 1
Signs of a Breathing Emergency Restless, excitement, sleepy, dizzy Blue lips, mouth, and/or fingertips Silent, but look of surprise, confusion, or panic Grasping of the throat Noisy breathing (wheezing, hoarse cry, gurgling) Irregular breathing (slow, fast) Pale, blue, or ashen (gray in color) skin Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 2
Is the Infant/Child Breathing? Look for movement; does his/her chest rise and fall? Can he/she talk or cry? Can he/she cough? Do not try to stop any coughing Encourage him/her to keep coughing Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 3
Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child Step 1: CHECK scene and victim Check the scene; make sure it is safe Tap foot (infant) or shoulders (child) Shout his/her name; ask, Are you okay? Use disposable gloves and breathing barriers if you think you might touch any body fluids Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 4
Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.) Step 2: CALL If alone, conduct CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number If not alone, conduct CPR while someone else calls 911 or your local emergency number Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 5
Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.) Step 3: CARE If face down and you suspect a back or neck injury, check breathing for five seconds without moving victim If not breathing or unknown, gently turn face-up Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 6
Emergency Procedures for Unconscious Infant/Child (cont.) Step 3: CARE (cont.) With one hand on their forehead and two fingers from your other hand under the tip of their chin, gently tilt their head and lift chin to open airway Check for breathing for 5 to 10 seconds: LOOK for the victim s chest to rise LISTEN for air exchange (place your ear near the victim s mouth or nose) FEEL for air exchange (place your cheek near the victim s mouth or nose) Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 7
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing 1. Tap the infant s foot and shout, Are you okay? 2. If no response, shout for help. If someone comes, have them call 911 or your local emergency number If no one comes, conduct rescue breathing and/or CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 8
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 3. Open the infant s airway (tilt head and lift chin) 4. Look, listen, and feel for breathing (5 to 10 seconds) Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 9
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 5. If not breathing: Seal your mouth over the infant s nose and mouth and give two breaths (one second each, removing your mouth after each breath) Watch for chest to rise with each breath Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 10
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 6. Check for signs of circulation, such as: Coughing Movement Blue skin Pulse at brachial artery front upper arm halfway between the elbow and arm pit Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 11
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Rescue Breathing (cont.) If signs of circulation, continue rescue breathing, giving one breath every three seconds and checking circulation every minute If no signs of circulation, begin chest compressions and CPR until help arrives; or continue rescue breathing, giving 20 breaths and checking circulation every minute Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 12
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing 1. Tap the child s shoulder and shout, Are you okay? 2. If no response, shout for help. If someone comes, have them call 911 or your local emergency number If no one comes, conduct rescue breathing and/or CPR for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 13
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 3. Open the child s airway (tilt head and lift chin) 4. Look, listen, and feel for breathing (5 to 10 seconds) Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 14
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 5. If not breathing: Plug the child s nose, seal your mouth over the child s mouth, and give two breaths (one second each, removing your mouth after each breath) Watch for chest to rise with each breath Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 15
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.) 6. Check for signs of circulation, such as: Coughing Movement Blue skin Pulse at carotid artery neck just to the right of the voice box Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 16
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Rescue Breathing (cont.) If signs of circulation, continue rescue breathing, giving one breath every three seconds and checking circulation every minute If no signs of circulation, begin chest compressions and CPR until help arrives; or continue rescue breathing, giving 20 breaths and checking circulation every minute Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 17
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking 1. If alone, shout for help. If someone comes, have them call 911 or your local emergency number If no one comes, conduct rescue skills for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 18
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.) 2. Hold infant facedown on your right forearm, supporting the infant s head and jaw with your right hand 3. Sit or kneel and rest your arm on your right thigh, holding the infant s shoulders below his/her hips Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 19
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.) 4. Give up to five back slaps with the heel of your left hand between the infant s shoulder blades, each slap a little harder to help obstruction dislodge 5. Hold the back of the infant s head with your left hand, and flip infant to your left forearm, supporting the infant s head and neck with your left hand Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 20
Infant (Age 0-1 Year) Choking (cont.) 6. Give up to five chest thrusts on the breastbone using two fingers of your right hand, placing the fingertips one finger width below the nipple line 7. Alternate five back slaps and five chest thrusts until the object comes out; the infant breathes, coughs, or cries; or until the infant stops responding (begin rescue breathing and/or CPR) Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 21
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking 1. If alone, shout for help If someone comes, have them call 911 or your local emergency number If no one comes, conduct rescue skills for one minute, then call 911 or your local emergency number To protect both you and the victim, avoid contact with body substances or fluids, known as Body Substance Isolation (BSI), whenever possible. BSI procedures assume that all body fluids are a possible risk; use gloves and/or breathing barriers, if available, and always wash your hands after care. Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 22
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.) 2. Ask, Are you choking? If he or she nods yes, explain that you know how to help 3. Kneel or stand firmly behind the child and wrap your arms around him/her so that your hands are under his/her arms and in front of his/her abdomen Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 23
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.) 4. Make a fist with one hand 5. Place the thumb side of your fist slightly above the child s navel and well below his/her breastbone 6. Grasping your fist with your other hand, give quick upward thrusts into the child s abdomen Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 24
Child (Age 1-8 Years) Choking (cont.) 7. Continue thrusts until the object comes out; the child breathes, coughs or talks; or until the child stops responding (begin rescue breathing and/or CPR) Unit Three, Lesson Two - Breathing Emergencies Slide 25