Test questions are on pages 1-6. Answers are on pages 8-13 to check your answers. Please try to answer the questions first including looking in book before checking the answers. After completion of the test notify the League President at caaswim@ccaaswin.org. Question 1: A scratch is: a. The withdrawal of a competitor from the remainder of his/her events in the meet. b. The withdrawal of a competitor from that event in a meet. c. The same as a declared false start. d. The withdrawal of a competitor from that event, allowing the competitor to enter another event. Question 2: The host team backstroke flags are old and some lanes only have two pennants above the lane. The referee shall: a. Disqualify home team medley relays. b. Disqualify home team backstroke swimmers. c. Disqualify home team individual medley swimmers. d. All should be applied and the events not swum. Question 3: A swimmer pushes off the pool bottom after mistakenly thinking the 500-yard freestyle had concluded. The swimmer pushed off the bottom vertically and gained no forward momentum. The swimmer should: a. Be disqualified for stopping. b. Have a second subtracted from his/her time, but be allowed to finish the race. c. Be ignored because, in the judgment of the referee, the mistake was not done for the purpose of gaining an advantage. d. Be scratched from any remaining events. Question 4: The side judge observes a relay takeoff violation. The assigned takeoff judge does not confirm. The referee shall: a. Disqualify the relay team. b. Review the videotape. c. Make no call, as there was not dual confirmation with the side judge and takeoff judge. d. Overrule the takeoff judge, disqualifying the relay. Question 5: If not using automatic timing in a meet, the meet management shall provide: a. One timer per lane at a minimum. b. Two timers per lane at a minimum. c. Three timers per lane. d. Two timers per lane, plus one backup timer. Question 6: The computer software operator shall report to: a. The starter. b. The meet manager. c. The meet referee. d. The head timer. Question 7: Immediately prior to the start, after the command "Take your mark," a loud yell from the stands occurs. Four of the six swimmers leave the blocks, followed by the remaining two. The starter should: a. Call a false start on the first four swimmers leaving the blocks. b. Call a false start on all the swimmers. c. Allow the heat to proceed and declare no false start. d. Recall the entire heat and start again. CCAA Page 1 of 11 March 2016
Question 8: The fourth swimmer in the medley relay can swim: a. Any stroke. b. Any stroke other than the backstroke, breaststroke or butterfly. c. Elementary backstroke. d. Freestyle or backstroke. Question 9: The lead-off swimmer in a relay does not contact the touch pad, only the end wall at the end of his/her relay leg. The second swimmer takes off on the touch. a. The relay is disqualified for a takeoff violation. b. The lead-off swimmer is disqualified for failure to contact the touch pad. c. No takeoff violation is recorded; only the final swimmer must contact the touch pad to finish the race. d. The race is repeated because of the violation. Question 10: A race officially ends: a. When the last swimmer finishes the race. b. When the swimmer finishes his/her race. c. When the times are posted. d. When the timing device is stopped in the individual lane. Question 11: The meet score can be reviewed and clerical errors corrected within how many hours of the completion of the meet? a. 12 hours b. 24 hours c. 48 hours d. Meet scores cannot be changed once the referee has signed the scoresheet. Question 12: Team personnel may use electronic devices to: a. Verify an official's decision. b. Review an official's decision. c. Transmit information to a competitor during a race or dive. d. Transmit and record a competitor's performance. Question 13: Which of the following is NOT the referee's pre-meet responsibility? a. See that all equipment necessary for conduct of the meet is in the proper place and condition. b. Provide lap counters. c. See that the pool is properly marked. d. Assign duties to officials as necessary for proper meet management. Question 14: A competitor shall be disqualified from the meet and any further participation, including previously-qualified events for: a. Competing in the wrong lane. b. Re-entering the water before all relay teams have finished. c. Exiting the pool across a lane still occupied by competitors. d. Making insulting or derogatory remarks, gestures or acts, including taunting. Question 15: In a meet with one official, the referee/starter DID NOT observe a stroke violation. a. The opposing coach is required to file a protest if he/she believes there is a violation. b. The meet committee may disqualify the swimmer. c. The official time may not be submitted for postseason competition if it is in question. d. The official does not disqualify the swimmer. CCAA Page 2 of 11 March 2016
Question 16: Upon the starting command for the 50-yard freestyle, the swimmer in Lane 5 does not step forward and place afoot/feet at the front edge of the platform. The starter has the swimmers stand up and instructs Lane 5 to step forward with a foot/feet for the start. a. If the swimmer does not comply, he/she must be disqualified for unsportsmanlike conduct. b. The swimmer shall promptly assume a stationary position with his/her foot/feet at the front edge of the platform upon the starting command, "Take your mark." c. The swimmer may change his/her mind after moving to the front edge and move to the middle of the platform. d. The swimmer may elect to assume a stationary position with his/her feet at the back edge of the platform. Question 17: If the water depth at the starting end of the pool is: a. Less than 4 feet, all starts must be from the pool deck. b. Greater than 4 feet, the track-style starting platform is required. c. Less than 4 feet, all starts must be in the water. d. Exactly 4 feet, the maximum height of the platform (measured from the water's surface) may be 40 inches. Question 18: During the breaststroke turn, a swimmer may take a single butterfly kick: a. While underwater, before turns. b. Only after the initiation of the arm stroke. c. Anytime before the breaststroke kick. d. All could be legal. Question 19: Which of the following is legal in the backstroke? a. After the initiation of the turning action, no additional arm pulls may be started; however, kicking and gliding actions are permitted. b. The body shall remain on the back to the degree the shoulders do not turn over beyond the vertical plane, except while executing a turn. c. After breaking the surface of the water, the swimmer must remain on the surface (any part of the swimmer's body is on or above the surface), except for the turns. d. All are correct. Question 20: When a tie occurs between 9th and 10th place in an individual event at the championships (using 16-place scoring), each swimmer involved in the tie will be awarded: a. 9 points. b. 7 points. c. 8 points. d. 8.5 points. Question 21: In a relay swim-off, the coach of Team A uses two different swimmers, both of whom are listed on the relay entry card, rather than two of the swimmers who originally competed in the event in which the tie occurred. This is legal, as any swimmer listed on the card may compete, provided he/she does not exceed the individual entry limitation. Question 22: Identify the illegal backstroke start. a. The swimmer takes a stationary position upon, "Take your mark." b. Both hands of the swimmer are in contact with the end of the pool. c. Both hands of the swimmer are in contact with the starting platform. d. Toes of the swimmer are out of the water and curled over the gutter. CCAA Page 3 of 11 March 2016
Question 23: In the 50-yard breaststroke, a turn judge gives no signal for a violation as a swimmer makes a turn. The referee, who is also observing the turn, detects a violation and raises one hand overhead. At completion of the race, the swimmer is disqualified by the referee, which is correct procedure. Question 24: Which item is NOT part of an automatic timing system? a. Touch pads. b. A system that starts automatically with the starter's sounding device. c. A system that stops automatically when a competitor finishes the race with a touch on the finish pad. d. A visible scoreboard. Question 25: A pistol or starter's pistol shall not be used as a sounding device. Question 26: For the forward start, after the command, "Stand up," swimmers should: a. Stand up on the starting platform. b. Enter the water. c. Step down immediately from the starting platform. d. None of the above are correct. Question 27: Which is a legal breaststroke finish? a. The head does not break the water after the final arm pull to the finish. b. Contact with the finish pad, when automatic timing is in use, with both hands simultaneously in the same plane. c. Contact with the finish pad, when automatic timing is in use, with both hands simultaneously, not in the same plane. d. All are legal in the breaststroke finish. Question 28: On the finish of the backstroke, it is legal if only one foot is partially above the surface of the water. Question 29: A declared false start and a scratch are the same thing and a swimmer may continue to swim in any remaining events. Question 30: In the breaststroke, the stroke and turn official observes a swimmer who moves his/her hands in a sculling motion at the end of the first arm stroke. The official shall: a. Signal a disqualification. b. Obtain dual confirmation from the starter. c. Obtain dual confirmation from the referee. d. Do nothing since the observation does not violate the rules. Question 31: If a swimmer elects to swim backstroke in a freestyle event, which of the following starting methods CANNOT be used? a. Forward start from the deck. b. Backstroke start in the water. c. Forward start in the water. d. Forward start from the starting platform. CCAA Page 4 of 11 March 2016
Question 32: During a season meet using electronic timing and watches as backup, the electronic system shows the order of finish as 4-5-6-3-2-1. The referee, in his/her opinion, changes the order of finish to 5-4-6-3-2-1. Which is the correct procedure? a. This is allowed as the referee makes the order of finish determination. b. This is allowed if there is a declared timing malfunction in lanes 4 and 5. c. This is allowed with dual confirmation. d. Referee determines there is a malfunction of primary timing system and decides it is necessary to integrate backup times. Question 33: During the 100-yard individual medley, the referee discovers the starting platform in Lane 5 has become loose and is not securely attached to the deck. The host team is unable to repair the platform. The referee requires all swimmers to use the deck or in-water start for the remainder of the meet. a. Correct procedure. b. Incorrect procedure. Question 34: Prior to the meet, the coach shall verify with the meet referee that all his/her competitors are legally attired. Question 35: When the meet referee determines water conditions do not meet rule specifications: a. The teams may choose to compete with unanimous consent. b. The meet referee may declare that the meet will not be conducted. c. The meet shall be conducted. d. None of the above. Question 36: A legal uniform may consist of two caps. Question 37: Before the long whistle, the referee notices swimmer "A" wearing injury tape on both knees. The referee shall: a. Disqualify the swimmer after the race. b. Ask the swimmer to remove the tape. c. Disqualify the swimmer before the race. d. Request documentation allowing the athlete to wear the tape while competing. Question 38: At the conclusion of the 200-yard freestyle, the swimmer in Lane 4 takes off his/her cap and goggles, purposely throwing them at another competitor while audibly yelling obscenities and inappropriately gesturing. The referee shall: a. Disqualify the swimmer from THAT event only. b. Disqualify the swimmer from further competition (previous performances ARE NOT nullified). c. Allow the results in THAT event to stand, but disqualify from further competition in the meet. d. Disqualify from further participation AND nullify ALL previous performances. Question 39: A competitor shall be disqualified from an event for: a. Competing in the wrong lane. b. Re-entering the water before all relay teams have finished. c. Exiting the pool across a lane still occupied by a competitor with the race still in progress. d. All of the above. CCAA Page 5 of 11 March 2016
Question 40: Electronic devices shall not be used to verify or review officials' decisions made during the meet. Question 41: Turn judges shall: a. Monitor 15m violations from the starting end of the pool. b. Determine the order of finish for the field. c. Observe a violation of legal turn or finish. d. Order an event to start without delay when a contestant fails to report promptly. Question 42: Swimmer A, using the forward start, comes down, grabs the block, becomes stationary, then leaves before the starting signal. Swimmers B and C dive into the water because of Swimmer A's movement. The start signal was never sounded. The false start is charged to: a. Swimmer A. b. Swimmer B. c. Swimmers A and B. d. The field. CCAA Page 6 of 11 March 2016
Answers and location of explanation Question 1: A scratch is: a. The withdrawal of a competitor from the remainder of his/her events in the meet. Explanation Question 2: The host team backstroke flags are old and some lanes only have two pennants above the lane. The referee shall: d. All should be applied and the events not swum. Explanation 2-7-5 PEN Question 3: A swimmer pushes off the pool bottom after mistakenly thinking the 200-yard freestyle had concluded. The swimmer pushed off the bottom vertically and gained no forward momentum. The swimmer should: c. Be ignored because, in the judgment of the referee, the mistake was not done for the purpose of gaining an advantage. Explanation Question 4: The side judge observes a relay takeoff violation. The assigned takeoff judge does not confirm. The referee shall: c. Make no call, as there was not dual confirmation with the side judge and takeoff judge. Explanation 4-6-4c Question 5: If not using automatic timing in a meet, the meet management shall provide: b. Two timers per lane at a minimum. Explanation Question 6: The computer software operator shall report to: c. The meet referee. Explanation 4-10-1a Question 7: Immediately prior to the start, after the command "Take your mark," a loud yell from the stands occurs. Four of the six swimmers leave the blocks, followed by the remaining two. The starter should: d. Recall the entire heat and start again. Explanation 8-1-4 NOTE 2 Question 8: The fourth swimmer in the medley relay can swim: b. Any stroke other than the backstroke, breaststroke or butterfly. Explanation 8-3-1 Question 9: The lead-off swimmer in a relay does not contact the touch pad, only the end wall, at the end of his/her relay leg. The second swimmer takes off on the touch. c. No takeoff violation is recorded; only the final swimmer must contact the touch pad to finish the race. Explanation 8-3-6 Question 10: A race officially ends: a. When the last swimmer finishes the race. Explanation 1-3-5 CCAA Page 7 of 11 March 2016
Question 11: The meet score can be reviewed and clerical errors corrected within how many hours of the completion of the meet? c. 48 hours Explanation 4-2-3 Question 12: Team personnel may use electronic devices to: d. Transmit and record a competitor's performance. Explanation 3-5, 4-1-6 Question 13: Which of the following is NOT the referee's pre-meet responsibility? b. Provide lap counters. Explanation 4-2-1 Question 14: A competitor shall be disqualified from the meet and any further participation, including previously-qualified events for: d. Making insulting or derogatory remarks, gestures or acts, including taunting. Explanation 3-6-1, PENALTY Question 15: In a meet with one official, the referee/starter DID NOT observe a stroke violation. d. The official does not disqualify the swimmer. Explanation 4-1-5 Question 16: Upon the starting command for the 50-yard freestyle, the swimmer in Lane 5 does not step forward and place afoot/feet at the front edge of the platform. The starter has the swimmers stand up and instructs Lane 5 to step forward with a foot/feet for the start. b. The swimmer shall promptly assume a stationary position with his/her foot/feet at the front edge of the platform upon the starting command, "Take your mark." Explanation 8-1-1 Question 17: If the water depth at the starting end of the pool is: c. Less than 4 feet, all starts must be in the water. Explanation 2-7-2 Figure 2 Question 18: During the breaststroke turn, a swimmer may take a single butterfly kick: c. Any time before the breaststroke kick. Explanation 8-2-2c Question 19: Which of the following is legal in the backstroke? d. All are correct. Explanation 8-2-1 Question 20: When a tie occurs between 9th and 10th place in an individual event at the state championships (using 16-place scoring), each swimmer involved in the tie will be awarded: c. 8 points. Explanation 7-1-3,4 CCAA Page 8 of 11 March 2016
Question 21: In a relay swim-off, the coach of Team A uses two different swimmers, both of whom are listed on the relay entry card, rather than two of the swimmers who originally competed in the event in which the tie occurred. This is legal, as any swimmer listed on the card may compete, provided he/she does not exceed the individual entry limitation. Explanation 5-4-4 NOTE Question 22: Identify the illegal backstroke start. d. Toes of the swimmer are out of the water and curled over the gutter. Explanation 8-1-2 Question 23: In the 50-yard breaststroke, a turn judge gives no signal for a violation as a swimmer makes a turn. The referee, who is also observing the turn, detects a violation and raises one hand overhead. At completion of the race, the swimmer is disqualified by the referee, which is correct procedure. Explanation 4-2-2 Question 24: Which item is NOT part of an automatic timing system? d. A visible scoreboard. Explanation 1-2-3 Question 25: A pistol or starter's pistol shall not be used as a sounding device. Explanation 4-3-1 NOTE Question 26: For the forward start, after the command, "Stand up," swimmers should: a. Stand up on the starting platform. Explanation 8-1-5 Question 27: Which is a legal breaststroke finish? d. All are legal in the breaststroke finish. Explanation 8-2-2c(2), h Question 28: On the finish of the backstroke, it is legal if only one foot is partially above the surface of the water. Explanation 8-2-1e Question 29: A declared false start and a scratch are the same thing and a swimmer may continue to swim in any remaining events. Explanation 1-3-13,14 Question 30: In the breaststroke, the stroke and turn official observes a swimmer who moves his/her hands in a sculling motion at the end of the first arm stroke. The official shall: a. Signal a disqualification. Explanation 8-2-2d CCAA Page 9 of 11 March 2016
Question 31: If a swimmer elects to swim backstroke in a freestyle event, which of the following starting methods CANNOT be used? b. Backstroke start in the water. Explanation 8-2-4a Question 32: During a season meet using electronic timing and watches as backup, the electronic system shows the order of finish as 4-5-6-3-2-1. The referee, in his/her opinion, changes the order of finish to 5-4-6-3-2-1. Which is the correct procedure? d. Referee determines there is a malfunction of primary timing system and decides it is necessary to integrate backup times. Explanation 6-3-2 Question 33: During the 100-yard individual medley, the referee discovers the starting platform in Lane 5 has become loose and is not securely attached to the deck. The host team is unable to repair the platform. The referee requires all swimmers to use the deck or in-water start for the remainder of the meet. a. Correct procedure. Explanation 2-7-2 SITUATION B Question 34: Prior to the meet, the coach shall verify with the meet referee that all his/her competitors are legally attired. Explanation 3-3-5 Question 35: When the meet referee determines water conditions do not meet rule specifications: b. The meet referee may declare that the meet will not be conducted. Explanation 2-6-2 Question 36: A legal uniform may consist of two caps. Explanation 3-3-2 Question 37: Before the long whistle, the referee notices swimmer "A" wearing injury tape on both knees. The referee shall: d. Request documentation allowing the athlete to wear the tape while competing. Explanation Question 38: At the conclusion of the 200-yard freestyle, the swimmer in Lane 4 takes off his/her cap and goggles, purposely throwing them at another competitor while audibly yelling obscenities and inappropriately gesturing. The referee shall: d. Disqualify from further participation AND nullify ALL previous performances. Explanation 3-6-1 Question 39: A competitor shall be disqualified from an event for: d. All of the above. Explanation 3-6 Question 40: Electronic devices shall not be used to verify or review officials' decisions made during the meet. Explanation CCAA Page 10 of 11 March 2016
Question 41: Turn judges shall: c. Observe a violation of legal turn or finish. Explanation 4-5-2 CCAA Swimming Officials Test for 2016 Question 42: Swimmer A, using the forward start, comes down, grabs the block, becomes stationary, then leaves before the starting signal. Swimmers B and C dive into the water because of Swimmer A's movement. The start signal was never sounded. The false start is charged to: a. Swimmer A. Explanation 8-1-1, 8-1-1 Situation C CCAA Page 11 of 11 March 2016