Maine Highway Safety Facts 216
216 MAINE HIGHWAY SAFETY FACTS The Bureau of Highway Safety and the Maine Department of Transportation are pleased to present the 216 edition of Maine Highway Safety Facts. This publication provides Maine crash data facts through 215 giving a view of traffic crashes and their factors. It can be a valuable tool in problem identification, safety education and community activities. Since it is intended to provide a general information overview, the data is presented in a very basic format. Trend lines reflect five-year annual averages. Topics covered represent the most frequently requested information. Data sources are from the Maine Fatal Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and MaineDOT s crash data system. Any comments or questions you may have about the information are welcome. Contacts: Lauren Stewart Maine Bureau of Highway Safety lauren.v.stewart@maine.gov 27.626.3841 Duane Brunell Maine Department of Transportation duane.brunell@maine.gov 27.624.3278 MaineDOT themtsc.org
Table Of Contents Statewide Crash Overview Maine Quick Crash Facts...4-5 and Crash Rates...6-7 and Fatality Rates...8-9 Incapacitating Injuries... 1 Snapshot Look at Focus Areas - Maine Top Crash Types... 11 and by Jurisdiction...12-13 and by Federal Functional Class...14-15 and by Type...16-17 and by Month...18-19 and by Day of Week...2-21 and by Time of Day...22-23 Road Settings Lane Departure...24-25 Head-On...26-27 Went-Off-Road...28-29 Intersections...3-31 Road Surface Conditions... 32 Fixed Object Struck... 33 Behavior Driver Actions...34-35 Seat Belt Usage...36-37 Speed...38-39 Impaired...4-41 Distracted...42-43 Operating After Suspension... 44 by Selected Categories by Year... 45 Road User Groups Crash and Fatality Rates by Driver Age...46-47 Younger Drivers...48-53 Mature Drivers...54-55 Bicyclists...56-57 Pedestrians...58-59 Special Vehicle Classes Large Trucks and Commercial Vehicles...6-63 Motorcycles...64-65 Large Animals (Deer and Moose) and...66-67 by County... 68 by Month... 69 by Light Condition...7-71
Statewide Crash Overview Maine Quick Crash Facts Facts based on average annual experience from 211-215 Motor vehicle crashes occurred with the following average frequency: One fatal crash every 6 hours One personal injury crash every 56 minutes One property-damage only crash every 24 minutes One reportable traffic crash every 17 minutes There were 3,482 traffic crashes on Maine public roads involving: 48,158 vehicles 63,836 vehicle occupants (drivers and passengers) 297 pedestrians 212 bicyclists 17 ATV s 7 snowmobiles Nearly 15 billion vehicle miles were traveled within the State of Maine. 146 people were killed in traffic crashes. 37 of those deaths were the result of drinking and driving. 21% of Maine s crash fatalities occur between 9pm and 2am, even though there is very low traffic volume at this time. Collisions involved 42,361 Maine drivers and 3,877 out-of-state drivers. 8,229 injury crashes 13 fatal crashes D RIVING TOWARD ZERO DEATHS MAINE o 4 5
Maine Maine Crash Rates 4, 25. 35, 3, 25, 2, 15, 1, 5, = 3,48 Crash Rate (Per HMVM) 2. 15. 1. 5. Rates = 29.1 Rates 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 6 Total reportable crashes on Maine s public roads. per estimated hundred million vehicle miles traveled. 7
22 2 18 16 14 12 187 166 175 = 146.4 Maine Annual 24 192 188 169 155 161 136 164 156 131 Fatality Rate (Per HMVM) 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1..9.8.7.6 1.36 1.31 1.22 1.16 1.34 Rates = 1.1 Maine Fatality Rates 1.36 1.13 1.25 1.7 Fatality Rate 1.22 1.11.95 1.14 1.5 1.1.91 1 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215.5 1996 1997 1998 1999 2 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 8 Maine fatalities as identified in Fatal Analysis Reporting System (www.nhtsa.gov/fars) per estimated hundred million vehicle miles traveled. 9
1 Injuries 12 1 8 6 4 2 26 Maine Incapacitating Injury Outcomes Incapacitating Injuries = 868.4 27 28 29 21 Incapacitating Injuries 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 211 212 213 214 215 SNAPSHOT LOOK AT FOCUS AREAS Maine Top Crash Types Based On Annual Average Of Last 5 Years Experience (211-215) 26-21 Experience 5 Year Average 5 Year Average Severity Comparison 5 Year Average LEAD FOCUS AREAS Annual Annual /1 Annual Annual (211-215) (211-215) (211-215) (26-21) (26-21) All Crash Types 3,482 146.4 4.8 3,75 169.2 Lane Departure 9,177 99.2 1.8 8,727 118.8 Speed 4,449 59 13.3 5,67 67.6 Unbelted 55.6 55.4 16-18 Year Old 2,943 11.4 3.9 3,334 14.8 16-2 Year Old 5,33 18.2 3.4 6,597 27.2 21-24 Year Old 4,551 2.2 4.4 4,587 24.4 Alcohol 1,197 37.6 31.4 1,566 55. *Distracted/Inattentive 3,92 12.75 4.1 11,348 42.6 65-98 Year Old 5,335 35.4 6.6 5,1 33.1 Motorcycles 577 19 32.9 624 2.6 Winter 6,3 15 2.5 6,215 16.4 Intersections 8,732 17.4 2. 9,58 21.6 Large Trucks 518 5.2 1. 749 12 Pedestrians 297 11.8 39.7 249 12.2 Moose 365.8 2.2 561 2.2 Bicycles 28 1.4 6.7 192 2. Overall results from 211-215 (white) have shown improvement over the earlier five-year study period of 26-21 (blue). Severity comparison (orange column) shows relative potential for a fatal outcome - the higher the number, the higher the chance of a fatality in that crash type. *NOTE: The significant variance in this area is due to the 211 Maine Crash Reporting System (MCRS) change in distracted driving reporting definition. Distracted driving results are for 212-215. 11
Miles of Road 215 State Highway 4,83 State Aid 4,267 Townway 13,457 Toll Highway 112 ( not including seasonal ) 1 Million Vehicle Miles Traveled 215 State Highway 86. State Aid 28.6 Townway 18.5 Toll Highway 14.5 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 by Road Jurisdiction 12 1 8 6 4 by Road Jurisdiction 4 2 2 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 State Highway State Aid Townway Toll Highway State Highway State Aid Townway Toll Highway 12 13
Miles of Road Major/Urban Collector 3,8 Minor Arterial 1,188 Local 13,456 Other Principal Arterial 923 Principal Arterial Interstate 365 Minor Collector 2,167 1 Million Vehicle Miles Traveled Major/Urban Collector 32.3 Minor Arterial 27.6 Local 18.5 Other Principal Arterial 25.7 Principal Arterial Interstate 33.2 Minor Collector 8.7 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 by Federal Functional Class 6 5 4 3 2 1 by Federal Functional Class 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 Major/Urban Collector Local Principal Arterial Interstate Major/Urban Collector Local Principal Arterial Interstate 14 Minor Arterial Other Principal Arterial Minor Collector Minor Arterial Other Principal Arterial Minor Collector 15
Maine by Type (26-215) Maine by Type (26-215) Went-Off-Road Lane Departure Went-Off-Road Lane Departure Head-On Head-On 18% 1% 33% 29% 3% Rear-End Moose Bicycle Intersection Rollover Pedestrians All Other Animals 4% 7% 1% 23% 49% Rear-End Moose Bicycle Intersection Rollover Pedestrians All Other Animals Deer Deer 16 Fire 17
14% by Month (26-215) 14% by Month (26-215) Percent of Total 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% Percent of Total 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% % January February March April May June July August September October November December % January February March April May June July August September October November December Trend Line Trend Line 18 19
18% by Day of the Week (26-215) 2% by Day of the Week (26-215) 16% 18% Percent of Total 14% 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% Percent of Total 16% 14% 12% 1% 8% 6% 4% 2% 2 % Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday % Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday 21
by Time of Day (26-215) by Time of Day (26-215) 9% 7% Percent of Total 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% Percent of Total % Midnight 1: AM 2: AM 3: AM 4: AM 5: AM 6: AM 7: AM 8: AM 9: AM 1: AM 11: AM Noon 1: PM 2: PM 3: PM 4: PM 5: PM 6: PM 7: PM 8: PM 9: PM 1: PM 11: PM 6% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% % Midnight 1: AM 2: AM 3: AM 4: AM 5: AM 6: AM 7: AM 8: AM 9: AM 1: AM 11: AM Noon 1: PM 2: PM 3: PM 4: PM 5: PM 6: PM 7: PM 8: PM 9: PM 1: PM 11: PM 22 23
12 Lane Departure 14 Lane Departure Road Settings 1 8 6 4 2 = 9,176.8 12 1 8 6 4 2 = 99.2 24 26 27 28 29 Lane departure crashes result when a vehicle leaves its designated lane of travel and veers left or right. Two crash types will normally result either head-on or went-off-road. Those two crash types are further detailed on the following pages. 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 25
1 9 Head-On 5 45 Head-On 8 4 7 35 6 5 4 3 2 1 = 82 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 3 25 2 15 1 5 = 34.8 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 Head-on crashes are much more severe than went-off-road. There is an average of 42 fatalities/1, crashes for head-on compared to 8.3 fatalities/1, crashes in went-off-road crashes. 27
12 Went-Off-Road 12 Went-Off-Road 1 1 8 8 6 4 2 = 8,359.8 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 6 4 2 = 69.2 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 28 Went-off-road crashes are more frequent than head-on, occurring 1 times more often. 29
12 Intersection (Three-, Four- and Five-Leg Intersections) 3 Intersection (Three-, Four- and Five-Leg Intersections) 1 25 8 2 6 4 2 = 8,732 15 1 5 = 17.4 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 3 31
Maine by Road Surface Condition (211-215) Top Fixed Objects Struck (212-215) 32 2 15 1 5 January February March April Wet Dry Snow, Slush, Ice, Frost May June July August September October November December Percent of Total and 4% 35% 3% 25% 2% 15% 1% 5% % Tree (standing) Ditch Utility Pole/Light Support Embankment Guardrail Face Mailbox Traffic Sign Support Guardrail End Culvert Fixed objects struck data, as currently defined, has only been available since 212. Bridge Rail Cable Guardrail Barrier 33
Behavior 34 Average Annual 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 Followed Too Closely Failed to Yield Right-of -Way Top Driver Actions in (26-215) Exceeded Posted Speed Limit Drove Too Fast For Conditions Ran Off Roadway Improper Backing Failed to Keep in Proper Lane Improper Turn Improper Passing Erratic, Reckless, and Careless Driving Average Annual 6 5 4 3 2 1 Top Driver Actions in Fatal (26-215) Failed to Yield Right-of -Way Followed Too Closely Exceeded Posted Speed Limit Drove Too Fast For Conditions Ran Off Roadway Improper Backing Failed to Keep in Proper Lane Improper Turn Improper Passing Erratic, Reckless, and Careless Driving 35
Percent of Seat Belt Usage 1% 95% 9% 85% 8% 75% 7% 65% 6% 55% 5% Seat Belt Usage Maine and United States 75% 59.% 22 24 82% 25 26 28 83% 85% 84% 86% 83.% 84.4% 27 29 21 211 212 87% 89% 85.% 85.5% 213 Maine US 214 215 24 22 2 18 16 14 12 1 22 23 Maine vs. Seat Belt Usage Seat Belt Use Linear (Seat Belt Use) 24 25 26 27 28 29 Linear () 21 211 212 213 214 215 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% Percent of Usage 36 Seat belt usage numbers are developed by local observational studies. 37
Illegal/Unsafe Speed Illegal/Unsafe Speed 7 9 6 5 4 3 2 1 = 4,448.6 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 = 59.2 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 38 39
Impaired Alcohol and Non-Alcohol Related 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 26 = 1,197.2 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 2 18 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 = 37.6 Non-Alcohol Involving Alcohol 211 212 213 214 215 4 41
14 Distracted Driving 6 Distracted Driving 12 1 5 8 6 4 2 Old Report Format New Report Format 4 3 2 Old Report Format 42 26 27 28 29 21 Prior to 211, police crash reports captured general distracted/inattentive driving factors, and 1,+ distraction/inattention related crashes were reported annually. During 211, Maine switched to an updated crash report in line with national guidance that now reports on specific distracted practices, but does not include generic inattention, greatly reducing the reported number of distracted crashes. Distracted driving behaviors are usually self-reported. 211 212 213 214 215 1 26 27 New Report Format 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 43
Year All Involving Drivers with Suspended Licenses Suspended % of Suspended All Suspended 23 35,28 795 2.26% 27 9 4.35% 24 35,14 854 2.44% 194 2 1.31% 25 35,47 77 2.2% 169 17 1.6% 26 32,67 679 2.12% 188 18 9.57% 27 33,386 789 2.36% 183 16 8.74% 28 31,779 584 1.84% 155 4 2.58% 29 28,98 613 2.12% 159 14 8.81% 21 27,893 581 2.8% 161 8 4.97% 211 28,654 577 2.1% 136 11 8.9% 212 28,522 661 2.32% 164 16 9.76% 213 3,51 63 2.6% 145 19 13.1% 214 31,88 667 2.9% 131 14 1.69% 215 32,845 677 2.6% 156 15 9.62% 5 Year Annual Average 642.4 2.11% 15 9.91% % of Suspended by Selected Categories by Year (211-215) Year Pedestrian Bicycle Motorcycle Impaired % Impaired Total 211 11 15 23 17 136 212 9 1 24 5 3 164 213 11 4 14 35 24 145 214 9 2 1 33 25 131 215 19 32 47 3 156 5 Year Avg. 11.8 1.4 19 37.6 25.2 146.4 This table shows the relationship between the various classifications of fatalities and the total number of fatalities. 44 45
Crash Rates by Driver Age (211-215) Fatal Crash Rates by Driver Age (211-215) 18 8 Road User Groups 46 (Per HMVM) 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 16 17 18 Driver Age 19 2 21 22 23 24 The rates on the next two pages are estimates, based on Maine s licensed driver population and national estimates on annual mileage driven by age group. Any crash-involved driver is included in this data, regardless of fault. 25-29 3-34 35-39 4-44 45-49 5-54 Crash Rate Trend Line 55-59 6-64 65-69 7+ (Per HMVM) 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 16 17 18 19 Driver Age 2 21 22 23 24 25-29 3-34 35-39 4-44 45-49 5-54 Fatal Rate Trend Line 55-59 6-64 65-69 7+ 47
Licensed Drivers (Ages 16-18) 24 3,661 25 3,522 26 3,836 27 3,182 28 28,77 29 28,3 21 27,193 211 26,243 212 25,23 213 24,383 214 23,972 215 23,24 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 = 2,943.4 Driver (Ages 16-18) 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 3 25 2 15 1 5 = 11.4 Driver (Ages 16-18) 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 48 49
Driver (Ages 16-2) Driver (Ages 16-2) 8 5 7 6 45 4 35 5 4 3 3 25 2 15 2 1 = 5,329.6 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 1 5 = 18.2 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 5 51
6 Driver (Ages 21-24) 35 Driver (Ages 21-24) 5 3 4 3 25 2 15 2 1 = 4,55.8 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 1 5 = 2.2 5 Yr. Rolling Avg. 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 52 53
Mature Licensed Drivers Mature Driver (Ages 65-7 + ) Mature Driver (Ages 65-7 + ) Year 65-69 7+ 23 47,675 12,719 24 49,84 15,75 25 5,75 19,95 26 51,31 19,659 27 54,425 11,616 28 58,174 114,247 29 61,265 116,697 21 81,677 118,323 211 67,766 121,28 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 45 4 35 3 25 2 212 72,553 124,625 213 76,17 13,121 214 8,585 134,162 215 85,29 137,842 (BMV figures) 2, 1, 26 = 5,335.2 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 15 1 5 26 = 35.4 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 54 55
25 2 Bike 5 4 Bike = 1.4 15 1 3 2 5 26 = 27.8 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 1 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 56 57
3 Pedestrian 2 Pedestrian 29 28 15 27 26 25 1 24 23 Cra s hes = 279.4 5 = 11.8 22 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 58 59
Special Vehicle Classes 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 26 Truck (Units With Five Axles or More) = 524.8 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 16 14 12 1 8 6 4 2 26 Trucking (Units With Five Axles or More) 27 28 29 = 5.2 21 211 212 213 214 215 6 61
18 Commercial Vehicle 3 Commercial Vehicle 16 14 25 12 2 1 8 6 4 2 = 1,21.6 15 1 5 = 15.8 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 62 This category includes large trucks and buses with a seating capacity of 15 or more (including the driver) that result in an injury. 63
Motorcycle Registrations 25 92,519 26 94,331 27 96,998 28 99,783 29 12,763 21 15,392 211 16,633 212 18,477 213 11,699 214 112,428 215 113,512 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 = 587.6 Motorcycle 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 = 19 Motorcycle 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 26 27 28 29 21 211 212 213 214 215 64 65
Large Animals (Deer and Moose) 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 26 Deer and Moose Deer = 3,656.4 Moose = 365 27 28 29 21 211 Deer Moose 212 213 Trend Line Trend Line 214 215 6 5 4 3 2 1 26 27 Deer and Moose 28 29 21 211 Deer Moose 212 213 Deer = 1 Moose =.8 214 215 66 Note: Of the five deer fatalities shown, all were collisions with motorcycles. 67
68 Maine Deer and Moose by County (26-215) COUNTY DEER CRASHES MOOSE CRASHES Androscoggin 1,87 55 Aroostook 1,74 1,774 Cumberland 4,724 138 Franklin 1,121 46 Hancock 2,569 83 Kennebec 3,339 126 Knox 893 22 Lincoln 639 23 Oxford 1,616 332 Penobscot 4,566 626 Piscataquis 833 176 Sagadahoc 822 1 Somerset 2,166 3 Waldo 1,688 44 Washington 1,374 234 York 3,61 153 TOTAL 32,922 4,556 Deer 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Deer and Moose by Month (26-215) Deer Moose January February March April May June July August September October November December 1 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Moose 69
Deer by Light Conditions (26-215) Moose by Light Conditions (26-215) 7% 23% 4% 66% Dusk Dark Dawn Daylight 13% 7% 3% 77% Dusk Dark Dawn Daylight 7 71
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