BBE Laboratory Safety Training Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering Presented by: Luke Stolp September 2016
Importance of Lab Safety Training Yale Student Dies in Chemistry-Lab Accident Wall Street Journal UC system, UCLA professor charged in lab fire that killed staffer Los Angeles Times Texas Tech University Chemistry Lab Explosion Chemical Safety Board Spark from pressure gauge caused University of Hawaii explosion, fire department says C & EN News
Recent Safety Incidents at UMN Azide explosion in chemistry department Scale up of reaction resulted explosion
Recent Safety Incidents in BBE Refluxing apparatus flooded hood Researcher received chemical burn Bottle of waste solvent broke during transport BAE building evacuated due to acid spill
Audit Results of BBE Laboratories Some labs excessively cluttered Storage of liquid waste without secondary containment on bench tops Non-documented lab specific training Unlabeled flasks and beakers Incompatible chemical storage Gas cylinders not properly secured Eye wash flush logs not kept Food and beverages in the lab PPE in public spaces
Common Hazards Encountered in BBE Harmful Substances Chemicals Physical Hazards Electrical, Fire, Machinery, etc. Infectious Agents Bacteria, Fungi, etc.
Before Beginning An Experiment Receive proper training for particular hazards (done by PI) Recognize the risks involved (hazard analysis) Read safety data sheets on any chemicals used Use proper safety devices and equipment Goggles, gloves, lab coat, etc. When in doubt..ask questions of the Safety Officer or your Supervisor!
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Proper Laboratory Attire Long pants, closed toed shoes, long hair restrained Goggles Worn at all times in the lab when splashes can occur (pouring or mixing of solvents and chemicals) Gloves Worn when contact with dangerous substances may occur (weighing, mixing, pouring, etc.) Respirators and masks Only used when other safety equipment is not available (ie fume hood or biological safety cabinet) Must have DEHS ensure proper usage and fit Ear plugs Lab coat
Safety Equipment Safety Equipment must be accessible, routinely tested, and in working condition Fume Hoods annually by DEHS Eyewashes weekly by user & annually by FM Safety Showers annually by FM Biosafety Cabinets outside vendor, variable Fire Extinguishers annually by Facilities Management
Housekeeping in the Lab No food, beverages, or containers in the laboratory Bench tops are clean and unobstructed Aisles and walkways are clear of debris and storage items Door to the laboratory is closed at all times (Locked at night) Emergency contact information is posted near the exit doors (see handout)
Global Harmonization System (GHS) International classification system for chemical manufacturers Standardizes the labeling and precautionary statements for hazardous chemicals Hazard classification: Definitions have changed to specify health and physical hazards. Allows consistency across manufacturers. Labels: Will include a harmonized signal word, pictogram, and hazard statement for each hazard class and category. Safety Data Sheets: Will now have a specified 16- section format.
GHS Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Section 1. Identification Section 2. Hazard(s) identification Section 3. Composition/information on ingredients Section 4. First-Aid measures Section 5. Fire-fighting measures Section 6. Accidental release measures Section 7. Handling and storage Section 8. Exposure controls/personal protection Section 9. Physical and chemical properties Section 10. Stability and reactivity Section 11. Toxicological information Section 12. Ecological information Section 13. Disposal considerations Section 14. Transport information Section 15. Regulatory information Section 16. Other information, including date of preparation or last revision
GHS Symbols Gases under Pressure Irritant (skin and eye) Skin Sensitizer Acute Toxicity (harmful) Narcotic Effects Respiratory Tract Irritant Hazardous to Ozone Layer (Non Mandatory) Aquatic Toxicity
GHS Symbols Carcinogen Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Respiratory Sensitizer Target Organ Toxicity Aspiration Toxicity Skin Corrosion/ burns Eye Damage Corrosive to Metals Oxidizers
GHS Symbols Flammables Pyrophorics Self-Heating Emits Flammable Gas Self-Reactives Organic Peroxides Explosives Self-Reactives Organic Peroxides Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic)
GHS - Labels
Chemicals in the Lab Read warnings! Keep containers closed Write date when opened Check for storage conditions and store properly Read SDS (Safety Data Sheets) Use secondary containment for transporting and storage of chemicals
Chemicals in the Lab General Safety Precautions for Working with Chemicals: Read SDS before working with unknown chemicals Pay attention to handling instructions, storage conditions, incompatibles, and toxicity Never handle by hand (use spatulas, pipettes, etc.) Never inhale powders, fumes, or vapors If necessary use in a proper chemical fume hood Hood sash should be at the proper height Label secondary glassware/containers with contents and hazards
Chemicals in the Lab Chemical Labeling: All chemicals or mixtures taken from stock bottles and left in alternative containers for over one work shift (~8hrs) must be labeled with composition and hazards Labeled directly on the container Area labeling Acronyms with description sheet
Chemicals in the Lab Flammable Chemicals: Keep away from sources of ignition (open flames, sparks, and exposed electrical wires) Keep containers closed Store in flammables cabinet when not in use
Example of a Fire in a Fume Hood
Chemicals in the Lab Corrosive Chemicals: Acids and Bases Always store in separate cabinets Neutralize acid spills with baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) Dilute concentrated acids before transporting
Chemicals in the Lab Compressed Gas Cylinders: Must always be secured with a safety belt/chain Use the right connections and regulators Different gases use different regulators Do not modify regulators Open valves slowly If empty, replace the cap and arrange for pickup
What happens when a gas cylinder ruptures?
Chemical Waste Do not dispose of by pouring in the sink Disposal containers must have yellow Hazardous Waste sticker Name of reagents in English Amounts of each Date: start & end Be sure that waste reagents can be mixed Store waste bottles in secondary containment
Chemical Waste Label J. Doe 11/1/14 612-555-1234 12/4/14 Ethanol 10% Methanol 10% Chloroform 20% Tetrahydrofuran 60%
Waste Bottle Filling Do not over fill waste bottles. Bottles should have headspace for gases to expand with changing temperature Fill to only 90% full Max Fill Line
Waste Packing Form Your contact information Type of packaging (box, plastic pail, or steel can) Date BBE department number: 404 BBE building number: 334 for BAE, 387 for Kaufert Lab Room number for pickup location Completely fill out the waste composition and total volume (or weight if solid materials). If it is an acid/base, write down the ph Use multiple forms if necessary, and record the page numbers in the bottom left-hand corner Sign and date form
Waste Packing for Pickup o http://www.dehs.umn.edu/hazwaste_chemwastereg.htm o https://www.dehs-tools.umn.edu/chematix/main?nomsg=true
Packaging Waste for Pickup Pack bottles upright into boxes or pails with enough packing to prevent breakage Tape box closed and tape pink packing slip to outside of box Send white and yellow slips to DEHS Chem Waste Program via campus mail
Biological Waste Liquid Wastes: Sterilize in an autoclave at 121 C for 1 hour Disinfect with Bleach (1 part bleach to 10 parts liquid sample for 30 minutes) Solid Wastes: Placed in autoclave bags and sterilized in an autoclave at 121 C for 1 hour
Other Hazardous Waste Broken Glass/ Glassware: Do not dispose of in regular trash Dispose of in a box labeled Broken Glass lined with a plastic bag Don t overfill box Sharps (needles): Dispose of in red sharps container Do not recap needles
Broken Glass and Sharps Containers
Mechanical and Electrical Safety Mechanical: Make sure guards are in place on equipment Get proper training on machinery before use Electrical: Don t use worn out electrical cords and plugs Make sure outlets are grounded Do not pull cord to unplug items Do not daisy chain surge protectors
Accidents Happen If an accident occurs: Remain Calm In an Emergency evacuate the area and call 911 Seek proper medical attention if needed Contact Luke and your supervisor (after calling 911) Fill out an incident report Get required signatures of your supervisor and the safety officer
Emergency Procedures Medical Attention: Non-Emergency Employees: Health Partners Occupational Health (Riverside or St Paul) Students: Boynton Health Service Severe Injury Dial 911 for ambulance assistance to the closest emergency room Report incident to your supervisor as soon as possible
Emergency Procedures Chemical Spills: Small Spills that don t pose an immediate hazard If comfortable doing so clean up with spill kit or other appropriate material Package as hazardous waste If uncomfortable or unsure call 911 Moderate or Large Spills that pose an immediate hazard or are too large for researcher to handle Evacuate the area and alert others Confine the spill by closing doors and isolating the area Call 911. Provide the following information to dispatch: Building, room, or location of the spill Caller s name, location, and phone number Type of emergency Is there a fire or explosion, or is anyone injured? Name and amount of material released
Emergency Procedures Fires: Remember RACE Relocate people away from danger Activate alarm Call 911 and report the fire. Contain the fire and smoke Close all manual doors and windows. Shut down critical equipment or potentially hazardous experiments if safe to do so. Shut off main gas if safe to do so. Extinguish, if safe to do so and you are familiar with handling a fire extinguisher Remember to follow the PASS procedure: Pull the pin Aim at the base of the fire Squeeze the handle Sweep the base of the fire
Special Permits Special permits are required for work in the following areas: Pathogenic Bacteria, Viruses, toxins, recombinant DNA Animals Humans Pesticides Radiation Contact www.dehs.umn.edu
Up and Coming from DEHS Laboratory Audits with DEHS staff will continue annually Standard signage required now for all labs Waste pickup forms are available in online format New format may be forthcoming Chemical Cleanup for all CFANS depts. Still in the works..date yet to be determined
Employees Should Know All procedures in the work area where hazardous materials are present How to review SDS, and where to obtain a SDS for a particular chemical. Safety equipment available and how to properly use it Physical and chemical hazards associated with chemicals used for work
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? No protective gloves No goggles No lab coat
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Chemicals stored on floor No secondary containment of liquids No labels
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Blocked shower and eyewash station
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? No food or beverage in the lab No Smoking Pulling on cord to unplug equipment No PPE
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Doors propped open Flammable liquids in public hallways No secondary containment of liquids
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Open bottles of waste Sash fully open Excessively crowded hood
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? No Goggles Improper lab attire MOUTH PIPETTING!
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? No Goggles Long hair close to open flame (not tied back)
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Unsecured water line
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Horseplay in the lab
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Use of cell phone while wearing PPE
What Safety Issues Can You Spot? Food stored in lab refrigerator
Additional Safety Information Department of Environmental Health and Safety (DEHS) www.dehs.umn.edu www.z.umn.edu/labsafe BBE Home drive>safety Contains our Laboratory Safety Plan Other departmental safety information