FIRST Game Analysis: Workshop Edition October 25, 2014 1
Who are we? Anne Shade 17 th year in FIRST FIRST Regional Director, Maryland Former 2377 General Manager and Coach (2007-2009) Steve Shade 16 th year in FIRST Lead Team Development Subcommittee Chesapeake Regional Chesapeake Regional Head Referee Former 2377 Lead Engineer and Coach (2007-2009) Senior Engineer Modeling and Simulation, Rolls-Royce Marine North America 2
Overview Decision Making Understand the decision matrix tool Game Analysis Understand how to play the game Determine how many points is needed to win matches Construct a game strategy to meet the point goal Robot Requirements Translate team strategy into robot requirements Describe resources for the build 3
Ground Rules No right way to build competitive robots Our system has worked for many teams Our system is adapted for each team and game, but basic tools still apply 4
Common Themes Write it down Post it up Questions What do you want to accomplish? Who is responsible? How are you going to accomplish it? Repeat 5
Decision Making Process Process normally included as part of the Team Handbook Consensus Approach Decision Matrix Tool is a favorite Quality Functional Deployment / House of Quality (QFD/HOQ) is more thorough but complicated Affinity techniques Limit the use of voting Too easy to go with the cool option, even if it doesn t fit with the team strategy At some point there needs to be 1 person empowered to make a decision for the good of the team Must be willing to make the call even when unpopular for the majority 6
Decision Matrix Establish decision criteria Establish criteria weights Complete matrix without weights shown Apply weights Evaluate results 7
Decision Criteria What are the most important criteria to your game strategy? Need about 5 to 10 criterion. Examples Scorability Complexity Reliability Penalty Risk 8
Decision Criteria Rate the importance of each of your decision criteria. Each criteria needs a rating between 1 (little importance) to 5 (high importance) Don t multiply out the matrix until all raw scores are filled in. 9
Decision Matrix - Filled In > 3 better than reference < 3 worse than reference = 3 same as reference Criteria Weight Concept 1 4WD Toughbox 2 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 2 6WD Toughbox 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 3 6WD SuperShifter 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 4 Holonomic 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Weight 4 3 2 1 2 2 Power 3 3 5 5 1 1 Traction 4 3 4 5 1 2 Maneuverability 5 3 4 4 5 5 Complexity 3 3 2 2 1 1 Maintainability 5 3 3 1 2 2 Reliability 5 3 4 2 2 2 Durability 5 3 3 2 1 1 Speed 4 3 3 5 4 2 Cost 2 3 2 1 2 2 Concept 5 Mecanum 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Weighted Total 10
Decision Matrix - Filled In > 3 better than reference < 3 worse than reference = 3 same as reference Criteria Weight Concept 1 4WD Toughbox 2 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 2 6WD Toughbox 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 3 6WD SuperShifter 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 4 Holonomic 4 Motors Raw Score Weight ed Score Concept 5 Mecanum 4 Motors Raw Score Weight 4 3 12 2 8 1 4 2 8 2 8 Power 3 3 9 5 15 5 15 1 3 1 3 Traction 4 3 12 4 16 5 20 1 4 2 8 Maneuverability 5 3 15 4 20 4 20 5 25 5 25 Complexity 3 3 9 2 6 2 6 1 3 1 3 Maintainability 5 3 15 3 15 1 5 2 10 2 10 Reliability 5 3 15 4 20 2 10 2 10 2 10 Durability 5 3 15 3 15 2 10 1 5 1 5 Speed 4 3 12 3 12 5 20 4 16 2 8 Cost 2 3 6 2 4 1 2 2 4 2 4 Weight ed Score Weighted Total 120 131 112 88 84 11
Big Picture Robot Building Process Robot Requirements Robot Testing Team Strategy Robot Design Robot Construction 12
Game Analysis Goals Understand how to play the game Score points Major fouls Start defining each team s strategy WHAT your robot is going to do Next Step - Define HOW your robot will accomplish the strategy Develop robot requirements NO PARTS OF THIS DISCUSSION INCLUDES TALKING ABOUT HOW TO BUILD THE ROBOT!!! 13
Game Analysis Process Evaluate the Game Arena Scoring Opportunities Fouls Ranking Process Match Scores Alliance Team Qualifying Eliminations Develop Strategies Brainstorm methods to achieve the target match score Design Robot Goal - Achieve Strategy Robot Requirements act as design guide Develop Robot Requirements Demands Wishes Select a Strategy Decision Matrix to select a strategy 14
Example 2014 Aerial Assist Tele-Op Ball 10 Truss 10 Catch 10 Assist 0, 10, 30 Cycle Total 60 Autonomous Mobility Ball Hot Bonus 5 per robot 15 per ball 5 per ball Auto Total 75 15
How do we play the game? What is each object / robot worth when scored? Are there bonus points (e.g. winning autonomous, minibot race)? Limited number of objects (e.g 2011) or do objects cycle (e.g. 2010)? Is there a maximum match score? How are teams ranked? 16
The Big Questions How many points does an alliance need to score to win a match? 17
Example - 2014 Aerial Assist (continued) Effects of Autonomous Maximum Effects of Cycles Auto/Truss/ Catch Mobility 15 15 15 Ball 60 60 45 Total 75 75 60 Tele-Op Ball 40 40 40 Truss 10 10 0 Catch 10 10 0 Cycle Total 60 60 40 Cycles 7 4 4 Total 420 240 160 Total Match 495 315 220 18
The Big Questions How many points does our team need to score to win a match? 19
Example - 2014 Aerial Assist (continued) Autonomous Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 Option 4 Option 5 Mobility 15 15 15 15 5 Ball 30 30 30 0 15 Total 45 45 45 15 20 Tele-Op Ball 20 10 40 31 10 Truss 10 10 0 0 10 Catch 0 0 0 0 0 Cycle Total 30 20 40 31 20 Cycles 4 6 3 5 7 Total 120 120 120 155 140 Total Match 165 165 165 170 160 20
Game Strategy Your team does not have to score all of the alliance points, just assist in doing so. Best to drive and do one thing really well, than to do many things OK or worse. Not interested in what needs to be built in order to make the strategy a reality. 21
Strategy Development As a team, brainstorm strategy concepts that would help your alliance reach the point goal for each match. Examples (2011) (55-60 pts/match/team goal) 1 Ubertube top row and 2 top row Logos + 4 th place minibot (58 points) 1 Ubertube top row and 1 top row Logo + 1 st or 2 nd place minibot (60 points) 1 Ubertube middle row and 2 middle row Logos + 1 st place minibot (58 points) 22
Strategy Selection Develop a set of strategies that will realistically meet your points goal Select 3-6 possible strategies to evaluate Use a decision matrix to select a strategy concept that will be the team s focus for the next six weeks 23
Percent Occurrence How close were we at kickoff? 18 16 14 2014 Qualifying 2014 Elimination 82.5% of Qualifying and 75% of Elimination matches scored 157 or less. 12 10 Data from The Blue Alliance 8 6 4 2 0 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Alliance Scores 24
Robot Requirements Now that we know WHAT we want to do, we need to figure out HOW we are going to accomplish the task. Establish Robot Requirements Demands Weight Size Kick Ball across field (e.g. 2010) Wishes Kick 10 Balls per Match (e.g. 2010) Hang in 5 seconds or less (e.g. 2010) 25
Defining Specifications Specification Sheet Example D=demand W=wish D/W Specification Requirements Responsibility Source D Weight - Under 120 lbs (excl. Battery + Bumpers) Team FIRST W Drive Train - Under 40 lbs Drive Team W Manipulator - Under 50 lbs Manipulator Team W Electrical - Under 20 lbs Controls Team W Spare Weight - 10 lbs Team Team Drive Train - W Speed 8 ft/s Drive Team D 6 Wheel Drive Team Manipulator - D Pick up tetras Manipulator Team W Pick up 3 tetras at a time Manipulator Manipulator Maintenance - D Be able to change out gearbox in 10 minutes Drive Team Cost - D Under $2000 Team FIRST Schedule - D Be finished in 6 weeks Team FIRST W Have Drive train complete by Week 3 Drive Team 26
Determine Robot Requirements As a team, start putting together your team s specification sheet. Start to include engineering requirements (with units) such as robot speed, number of objects to handle, speed to perform a task, etc. Include breakdowns (like weight or size) when known, estimates are OK for now. 27
Designing Robot Systems Find examples Robot in 3 Days 5 separate designs in 2014!!!!! Team 45 s Ball grabber in 98 & 04 45, 121, 1902, 2377 robots from 2008 Design Philosophies Detailed Paper or CAD design then construction Prototype concepts from the start until proof of concept is achieved, then complete design and build No matter what, need to track weight! 28
Host Your Own Kickoff Teams are encouraged to host own kickoff events Space limitations at Capitol Technical University to view kickoff Contact Anne Shade if willing to share kickoff space 29
Resources ChiefDelphi Discussion Forums www.chiefdelphi.com Team Updates www.usfirst.org FIRST Q&A www.usfirst.org frcteamsmd@googlegroups.com MD FIRST Team Support e-mail including Anne and Steve Robot in 3 Days Ri3D (Ri3D, AndyMark, Boom! Done) www.robotin3days.com Vex Pro (Team Copioli, Team JVN) www.buildblitz.com FIRST Technical Resources http://www.usfirst.org/roboticsprograms/frc/technica l-resources 30
Once Built Re-evaluate Strategy How close are you to your initial goals? Be Realistic with what you can do Know the machine limits Watch how game is played at other events Game play evolves, very different each week Keep Improving Design Apply good ideas from what you watched Expand Horizons Style of play is different in other parts of country 31
Top Ten Most Important Robot 1. Drive 2. Drive 3. Drive 4. Weight / Size 5. Strategy 6. Manipulator(s) 7. Controls 8. Practice Time 9. Practice Time 10. Practice Time Things 32
History of FRC 33
1992 Maize Craze 34
1992 Maize Craze 28 Teams 1 event High School Gym, NH Small Tethered Robots Played on Bed of Corn Chairman s X-Cats Xerox and Wilson Magnet High 191 35
1993 Rug Rage 1 event (NH) Larger Radio Controlled Robots (RNets!) Robots on carpet Chairman s ATT and Science High 7* *This is not the current Team 7. The team was not present in the 1998 season when numbers were permanently assigned and have not participated in FIRST for many years. 36
1994- Tower Power 37
1994 - Tower Power 1 event (NH) Vertical designs Chairman s X-Cats Xerox and Wilson Magnet High #191 38
1995 - Ramp N Roll 39
1995 - Ramp N Roll FIRST Championship Event EPCOT 1 Regional (NH) Tank tread drive Chairman s Nashua High 151 40
1996 Hexagon Havoc 41
1996 Hexagon Havoc 1 Regional and Championship Chairman s Walnut High 144 WFA Dr. Woodie Flowers Rumble at the Rock begins 42
1997 Toroid Terror Field 43
1997 Toroid Terror FIRST Championship expands to EPCOT Parking Lot 3 Regionals (NJ, IL, NH) and Championship High lift mechanisms Mouse that roared - Beatty/Hammond wins Nationals Chairman s Chief Delphi Delphi Corp & Pontiac Central High 47 WFA Elizabeth Calef 88 River Rage began 44
1998 Ladder Logic Field 45
1998 Ladder Logic New Batteries No Tipping Rule No Detachments Rule Last year of placebos Crab style steering Chairman s Boston Edison & Plymouth North High 23 WFA Michael Bastoni 23 46
1998 Ladder Logic Bracket 47
1999 Double Trouble Field 48
1999 Double Trouble Pillow Game Pieces Victor 883 Speed Controller (Tekin Rebels prior) Alliances (2 vs. 2) 3 rd partner allowed Single Elimination Finals Chairman s East Tech High 120 WFA Ken Patton 65 49
2000 Co-opertition FIRST Field 50
2000 Co-Opertition FIRST Expanded Field Get 3x Loser s Score Innovation FIRST Control System NO MORE RNets!!!!!!! Ball collection systems Gear Switching Chairman s Baxter Bomb Squad 16 WFA Kyle Hughes 27 51
2001 Diabolical Dynamics Field 52
2001 Diabolical Dynamics Big Experiment.. Failed 4 vs. 0 (the clock) Alliances Championship Divisions New Pneumatics Kit from Bimba and Parker Teeter Totter Balancing Chairman s Chatsworth High 22 WFA Mr. Bill Beatty 71 53
2002 Zone Zeal Field 54
2002 Zone Zeal Alliances 2 vs. 2 Flat Field, Heavy Goals Entanglement Rules 4 Field Personnel Chairman s Buzz Robotics 175 WFA Dave Verbrugge 67 55
2003 Stack Attack Field 56
2003 Stack Attack Tote Destruction Autonomous Component Open Up Parts Suppliers Regional Chairman s Award Championship Moves to Reliant Stadium and the Astrodome (Houston, TX) Chairman s Cybersonics 103 WFA Andy Baker 45 57
2004 FIRST Frenzy Field 58
2004 FIRST Frenzy Raising the Bar IFI Updates to C Win-Loss-Tie Seeding Structure Regional WFA Championship moves to Georgia Dome (Atlanta, GA) Chairman s CheezyPoofs 254 WFA Dave Kelso 131 59
2005 Triple Play 60
2005 Triple Play 3 vs. 3 Alliances Tetrahedral Game Pieces Lots of Penalties Chairman s HOT Team 67 WFA Paul Copioli 217 61
2006 Aim High 62
2006 Aim High Auto scoring system Offensive and defensive periods More penalties Chairmans : Team 111 Wildstang WFA: Rob Mainieri 63
2007 Rack n Roll 64
2007 Rack n Roll Tubes make a comeback Height/Weight classes Red/Yellow cards More stupid penalties Match generation algorithm limitations Chairmans : Team 365 MOE WFA: Dan Green 111 65
2008- FIRST Overdrive 66
2008- FIRST Overdrive Large balls Little defensive allowed Match algorithm improved Chairman s: 842 WFA: Mark Breadner 188 67
2009 Lunacy 68
2009 Lunacy Orbit Balls Slick Wheels and Surface NI crio Controller Chairman s: 236 WFA: John Novak 16 69
2010 Breakaway 70
2010 - Breakaway Soccer Balls Carpet Back Bumps CAN allowed Chairman s: 341 WFA: Chris Fultz 234 71
2011 LogoMotion 72
2011 - LogoMotion Inner Tubes Scoring Zones Minibot Races Championship in St. Louis Chairman s: 359 WFA: John LaRock 365 73
2012 - Rebound Rubble 74
2012 Rebound Rubble Foam Basketballs Protected Keys Bridge Balancing Co-opertition Bridge Chairman s: 1114 WFA: Earl Scime 2614 75
2013 Ultimate Ascent 76
2013 Ultimate Ascent Frisbees Climbing Robot in 3 Days Chairman s: 1538 WFA: Faridodin Fredi Lajvardi 842 77
2014 Aerial Assist 78
2014 Aerial Assist Assist Points Cycle Time Referee Influence 5x Robot in 3 Days Chairman s: 27 WFA: Lane Matheson 932 79