Kolkata City Fatal Accident Study (April 2016 March 2017) Submitted to Deputy Commissioner of Police (Traffic), Kolkata City 18 April, 2017 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 1
Overview JPRI Accident Response Process Notifications by Traffic Control Room Fatal accidents examined by JPRI Causal and Contributing Factors Factors affecting accidents Factors affecting injuries Conclusions 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 2
JPRI Accident Response Process Notification Phase Traffic Control Room calls and notifies about the fatal accident Response phase JPRI team leaves office for the accident location. Investigation Phase JPRI team arrives at the accident spot and checks for accident details and examines available vehicles and scene to have a complete picture of the accident. Analysis phase All investigated cases (Excluding no information cases) are considered for analysis. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 3
Notifications by traffic control room Status as on 31st March 2017: Total number of notifications : 246 Number of cases investigated by JPRI : 148 Number of cases not investigated by JPRI : 98 Lack of crash scene evidence : 46 Hit and run : 36 Late reported : 12 Lack of vehicles : 4 Note: The above status is based on accident notifications received between Apr 2016 to Mar 2017. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 4
Distribution of fatal accidents by time zone 18:00 to 23:59 73 30% 00:00 to 05:59 58 23% 12:00 to 17:59 51 21% 06:00 to 11:59 64 26% Fatal accident by time zones are almost evenly distributed. Number of accidents notified: 246 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 5
% Saving lives through accident research! Percentage distribution of vehicles and pedestrians involved 50 30 0 19 17 14 8 8 Pedestrian M2W Bus Truck Car Unknown Vehicle Road User Type 2 2 Auto rickshaw Bicyclist Number of road users: 462 Pedestrians, M2Ws, buses and trucks constitute 80% of road users involved in fatal accidents. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 6
% Saving lives through accident research! Percentage distribution of vehicle and pedestrian fatalities 100 50 30 7 4 4 4 1 0 Pedestrian M2W Bus Car Truck Bicyclist M3W Number of fatal road users : 258 Road User Type Pedestrians, M2Ws, bus occupants and bicyclists constitute 91% of fatal road users types 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 7
Fatal accident locations Fatal accidents plotted: 246 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 8
Causal and Contributing Factors Road traffic accidents and injuries are primarily influenced by three main factors : Human Vehicle Infrastructure Human Each of these factors can influence an accident or injury causation independently Vehicle Infrastructure 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 9
Causal and Contributing Factors or as a combination. For e.g. Human and Vehicle factors, Human and Infrastructure factors, Vehicle and Infrastructure factors, or all three together. h-v Human h-v-i h-i This aims to determine the various factors influencing fatal city accidents and the subsequent injuries. Vehicle v-i Infrastructure 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 10
Contributing Factors for Accidents The 148 accidents examined have been distributed by their contributing factor(s) and shown in the figure alongside. The numbers in the figure are percentage of the total number of accidents examined. Hence, the influence of each factor for causation of accidents is: Human : 95% Vehicle : 26% Infrastructure : 98% Human (95%) 2% 0% 69% 24% 0% 2% 3% Vehicle (26%) Infrastructure (98%) 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 11
Human Factors Influencing Accidents Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Excessive speeding for conditions (11 Cars, 9 Trucks, 10 M2Ws, 8 Buses) Driver Inattention ( 3 M2W, 5 Cars, 8 Buses, 9 Trucks, 7 Unknown vehicles, 1 bicyclist) Pedestrian dangerous behavior on roadway (23 Pedestrians) Pedestrian Inattention (10 Pedestrians) Improper lane change/lane usage (6 M2Ws, 1 Bus, 1 M3W) Violation of right of way (3 M2Ws, 2 Cars, 1 M3W, 1 Truck) Overtaking on left side of vehicle (5 M2Ws, 1 Bus, 1 Truck) Turning suddenly or without indication (5 M2Ws, 1M3W) Speeding speed limit unknown (3 Cars, 2 Buses, 1 M3W) 45 30% 41 28% 27 18% 14 9% 6 6% 7 5% 7 5% 6 4% 6 4% Other factors 41 28% Other factors consists of all the remaining human factors which have individually influenced the accident by less then 4%. Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 12
Vehicle Factors Influencing Accidents Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Vision obstruction due to vehicle interiors (11 Buses, 9 Trucks, 2 Cars) 22 15% No operational doors (11 Buses) 11 7% Overloading people (5 M2Ws, 2 Bicycles) 7 5% Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 13
Infrastructure Factors Influencing Accidents Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Poor road marking/signage (38 Buses, 38 M2Ws, 25 Trucks, 28 Cars, 5 M3Ws, 10 Unknown vehicles, 4 bicyclist) Poor pedestrian infrastructure Crossing (32 Pedestrians) 148 100% 32 22% Undivided road (2 M2W, 1 M3W, 2 Car, 3 Truck, 2 Bicyclist) 10 7% Vision obstruction due to manmade objects (4 Trucks, 2 M2Ws, 1 M3W, 1 Car, 1 Pedestrian) Poor bus stop facilities (7 Buses, 2 Pedestrians) 9 6% 9 6% Other factors, each contributing less than 3% 37 25% Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 14
Contributing Factors for Injury The 148 accidents resulting into fatal injuries examined have been distributed by their contributing factor(s) and shown in the figure alongside. The numbers in the figure are percentage of the total number of accidents examined which resulted into fatal injuries. Hence, the influence of each factor for causation of injury is: Human : 42% Vehicle : 95% Infrastructure : 17% Human (42%) 1% 28% 3% 10% 54% 3% 1% Vehicle (95%) Infrastructure (17%) 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 15
Human Factors Influencing Injury Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Helmet not used (42 M2Ws, 5 Bicyclists) 47 32% Seat belt not used (7 Cars, 4 Trucks) 11 7% Occupants in cargo area (2 Trucks) 2 1% Overloading of occupants (2 M2Ws) 2 1% Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 16
Vehicle Factors Influencing Injury Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Knock-down (28 M2Ws, 39 Pedestrian, 2 Buses, 1 M3W, 1 Car, 1 Truck, 3 bicyclist) Run over (23 Pedestrians, 15 M2Ws, 11 Bus occupants, 2 Bicyclist, 2 Trucks) Fall down (11 M2Ws, 2 Bus occupant fall) Ejection (1 Car, 2 Truck, 2 M3W) Seatbelt not available (2 Cars, 2 Buses, 1 M3W) Passenger compartment intrusion (3 Cars) 75 51% 53 36% 13 9% 5 3% 5 3% 3 2% Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 17
Infrastructure Factors Influencing Injury Conditions No. of Accidents % Influenced Object impact - Road side/manmade structures (8 Cars, 6 M2Ws, 1 M3W, 2 Buses, 1 Truck, 1 Pedestrian) 19 13% Object impact - road side - trees/plantation (4 M2Ws) 4 3% Object impact - on roadway (1 M2W) 1 1% Number of accidents: 148 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 18
Conclusions Fatal accident by time zones are almost evenly distributed. Pedestrians, M2Ws, buses and trucks constitute 80% of road users involved in fatal accidents. Pedestrians, M2Ws, bus occupants and bicyclists constitute 91% of fatal road user types. Fatal accidents in Kolkata are widely spread. Note: The above conclusions are based on crashes investigated between Apr 2016 to Mar 2017. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 19
Conclusions Top 3 Factors (Accident) Human (95%) Vehicle (26%) Infrastructure (98%) Driver Inattention (30%) Vision obstruction due to vehicle interiors (15%) Poor road marking/signage (100%) Excessive speeding for conditions (28%) No operational doors (7%) Poor pedestrian infrastructure Crossing (22%) Pedestrian dangerous behavior on roadway (18%) Overloading people (5%) Poor bus stop facilities (6%) Note: The above conclusions are based on crashes investigated between Apr 2016 to Mar 2017. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 20
Conclusions Top 3 Factors (Injury) Human (42%) Vehicle (95%) Infrastructure (17%) Helmet not used (32%) Knock-down (51%) Object impact - Road side/manmade structures (13%) Seat belt not used (7%) Run over (36%) Object impact - road side - trees/plantation (3%) Occupants in cargo area (1%) Fall-down (9%) Object impact - on roadway (1%) Note: The above conclusions are based on crashes investigated between Apr 2016 to Mar 2017. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 21
Thank You! We look forward to your continued support in this joint initiative towards a safer roads in Kolkata city. 18 April 2017 Kolkata city fatal accident study 22