Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Haneul Lee, DSc, PT
OBJECTIVE 1. Explain the principle physiological function of the pulmonary system 2. Outline the major anatomical components of the respiratory system. 3. List major muscles involved in inspiration and expiration 4. Discuss the respiratory system
Breathing Process that moves air in and out of the lungs, or oxygen through other breathing organs Called ventilation, which includes both inhalation and exhalation. Processes that deliver oxygen to where it is needed in the body and remove carbon dioxide
Steele, Joel Dorman Hygienic Physiology (New York, NY: A. S. Barnes & Company, 1888)
Serves to protect major of the cardiopulmonary system Bony thorax provides a skeletal frame work for the attachment of the muscles Helps to keep the lungs from collapsing due to the plural cavity http://pixshark.com/thorax-anatomy.htm
http://pixshark.com/thorax-anatomy.htm
https://www.studyblue.com/notes/note/n/chapter-7-axial-skeleton/deck/8056232
http://antranik.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/organs-of-the-respiratory-system-larynx-bronchi-alveoli-diaphragm-trachea-pharynx-paranasal-sinuses.jpg
3 lobes -Upper -Middle -Lower 2 lobes -Upper -Lower http://www.abc.net.au/health/library/stories/2010/07/29/2967396.htm
Conducting zone A passage way for air humidity and filter the air as it moves toward the respiratory zone of the lung Respiratory zone Exchange of gases between air and blood http://image.slidesharecdn.com/respirationduringexercise- 140620072750-phpapp02/95/fisiologi-senam-respiration-duringexercise-14-638.jpg?cb=1403267426
http://gallery4share.com/r/respiratory-zone.html
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Diaphragm Primary muscle Accessory muscles Sternocleidomastoid Scalenius External Intercostalis Pectoralis Trapezius Serrarus
Rectus Abdominis Obliquus Externus Abdominis Obliquus Internus Abdominis Transversus abdominis Internal Intercostals
EXPIRATION 1. Diaphragm relaxes, ribs pulled downward 2. Volume of lungs decreases 3. Intrapulmonary pressure raised INSPIRATION 1. Diaphragm pushes downward, ribs lift outward 2. Volume of lungs increases 3. Intrapulmonary pressure lowered www.askkatheperez.com
Ventilation : Movement of gas in and out of the pulmonary system www.jonathandownham.com
Tidal Volume (TV) : volume of gas inhaled during a normal resting breath. 500 ml Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) : volume of gas that can be inhaled beyond a normal resting tidal inhalation. 3000ml Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV) : volume of gas that exhaled beyond a normal resting tidal exhalation. 1,100ml Residual Volume (RV) : volume of gas that remains in the lung after ERV has been exhaled. 1,200 ml
Inspiratory Capacity (IC) : the amount of air that can be inhaled from REEP. TV + IRV 3,500 ml Vital capacity (VC), Functional VC (FVC) : the amount of air that is under volitional control. IRV + TV + ERV Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) : the amount of air that resides in lungs after a normal resting tidal exhalation. ERV + RV 2,200ml Total Lung Capacity (TLC) : the total amount of air that is contained within the thorax during a maximum inspiratory effort. VC + RV 5,700ml REEP: Resting End Expiratory Pressure
Flow rates Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) : The amount of air exhaled during the first second of FVC. In healthy person, at least 70% of the FVC is exhaled within first second ( FEV1/FVC*100 > 70%)
Thank Question? you
1. National Physical Therapy Examination, O sullivan&siegelman, TherapyEd 2. Essentials of Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy, 3 rd edition, Ellen Hillegass, Elsevi er 3. Cardiovascular and pulmonary Physical Therapy Evidence to Practice, 5 th edition, Donna Frownfelter, Elizabeth Dean, Elsevier 4. Cardiopulmonary Physical Therapy Management and Case Studies, 2 nd edition, W. Darlence Reid, Frank Chung, Kylie Hill, SLACK Inc. 5. Steele, Joel Dorman Hygienic Physiology (New York, NY: A. S. Barnes & Company, 1888) 6. Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org