TRAINING OBJECTIVE: The trainee will have gained good knowledge from the First aid Standard/CPR training course with the Canadian Red Cross. The material in these Lesson Plans will be reviewed by the Canadian Red Cross instructor, as some of the contents may Not be listed in the Canadian Red Cross manual. GENERAL DEFINITION FAM-9-2-9.2 First aid is the emergency care of the injured or suddenly ill person given at the scene and using readily available materials. OBJECTIVES -To preserve life -prevent the injury or illness from becoming worse -promote recovery (if possible) -obtain medical aid as soon as possible -prevent pain and distress FAM-9-2-9.3 RESPONSIBILITIES OF A ER -Assess the situation at the site and determine quickly what Assistance can be given -Identify themselves at first aiders and offer to help -Assess the condition of the injured or sick person -Establish priorities for care and give appropriate urgent first aid -Arrange for medical aid according to the degree of illness or injury FAM-9-2-9.4 Page 1
PRINCIPLES OF TREATMENT ACI-FLIGHT ATTENDANT INITIAL TRAINING -During a primary examination, the first aider must take care of the urgent FAM-9-2-9.5 Needs of the casualty and deal with them accordingly to the following priorities: -BREATHING: Ensure that the casualty is breathing. If not breathing, open The airway and give mouth to mouth artificial respiration. -BLEEDING: Control severe external bleeding. -UNCONSIOUSNESS: This is priority because it may lead to breathing problems. An unconscious person may suffocate if left lying in the face-up position. Page 2
CABIN CREW HYGIENE -In an emergency First Aid situation if you are forced to handle FAM-9-3-9.6 Body fluids, such as blood, urine, faeces or vomit, Wear the rubber gloves found in the First Aid kit. -Snag such items as soiled seat covers so they can be cleaned. -Dispose used rubber gloves in an airsick bag, close carefully And dispose of in a garbage bin. -Wash your hands and forearms. Check other exposed parts Of your body and wash as necessary. -Any items used in treating first aid ie, bandages, oxygen mask, are also To be placed in a airsick bag and disposed of in a garbage bin. -Any spillage of body fluids containing blood onto the a/c floor Etc.must be thoroughly washed down with javex. This will be done By the cleaning crew. -Complete an incident report and submit to the Chief Flight Attendant. IN-FLIGHT MEDICAL EMERGENCIES If a medical emergency should occur while in-flight: FAM-9-3-9.7 -Immediately notify the P.I.C. -Make an announcement to locate any doctors or nurses That may be onboard. -Administer First aid -Keep person as comfortable as possible -Prepare for landing to closest airport -Keep P.I.C. informed of progress (if passenger is getting Worse or better) -Ensure you are providing the Flight Deck with all the necessary Information regarding the passengers conditions. This will Ensure the appropriate medical assistance is available upon Arrival. Page 3
**P.I.C. will contact nearest airport to have an ambulance available upon arrival. -Flight Attendant will complete the in-flight report and ensure that the name, address of anyone who provided assistance is on the form for future reference. FAM-9-4 -A copy of the report will be given to the Chief Flight Attendant and the company Safety Officer -Advise the Captain to snag the First aid kit in the Journey Log book. **Flight Attendants must be seated during the critical phases of flight even Though a medical emergency exists. The safety of all other passengers Verses one takes precedence. **PROPER USAGE OF FORMS WILL BE DEMONSTRATED BY THE COMPANY INSTRUCTOR IN AN INITIAL GROUND SCHOOL IN-FLIGHT PASSENGER CONTROL DURING EMERGENCY -The Flight Attendant will use an ABP (deadheading employee, firemen, peace officer) to control the passengers, have them remain seated with seatbelts fastened. FAM-9-4-9.8 REPORTING MEDICAL EMERGENCIES FAM-9-4-9.9 Each Flight Attendant should keep at least one copy of the Company incident report. All areas should be filled out as accurately as possible. Once the form has been filled out, it must be submitted to the Chief Flight Attendant. Page 4
AIRSICKNESS SIGNS & SYMPTOMS FAM-9-5-9.10 -pallor -apprehension -excessive perspiration -stomach discomfort -nausea -vomiting TREATMENT -open air vents above passengers seat -have the passenger stare at a fixed object in the aircraft -offer a cool beverage and a cold cloth for face -keep a spare sick bag handy at the passengers seat -ask the passenger if he/she would like some oxygen in Severe cases -use an air freshener around the passenger seat to reduce any odour of vomit ERACHE SIGNS & SYMPTOMS FAM-9-5-9.11 -pain, increasing when in descent -pressure in the ear -difficulty hearing -dizziness -possible discharge TREATMENT -yawn widely -swallow hard -chew gum -sip on hot fluids -let infants scream or cry -pinch your nostrils shut, close your mouth and gently Blow into nose Page 5
COMMON COLDS -congested nasal passages -painful sinus FAM-9-6-9.12 TREATMENT -offer extra fluids -offer Kleenex, extra airsickness bag in which to dispose of used Kleenex EPILEPSY There are varying degrees of epilepsy. A slight lapse of awareness is called a PETIRE MAL. A GRANDE MAL is a major seizure in which the passenger loses consciousness and experiences convulsive movements of the body. FAM-9-6-9.13 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS -Warning cry or premonition from the passenger, such as a sound Or smell or feeling of movement in the body that tells the casualty That a seizure is about to occur (Aura) -the casualty may fall to the floor -sudden loss of consciousness -grinding of teeth -noisy breathing -Involuntary muscle contractions or jerking, with arching of The back -possible frothing of the mouth -the casualty may lose control over bladder and bowel Functions. Usually an epileptic seizure will pass in a few minutes. Consciousness will return and the passenger may not remember Anything about the seizure. Never attempt to put anything into the Casualty s mouth. Page 6
TREATMENT -clear the area of sharp objects that could cause injury -clear the area of passengers to ensure privacy -guide but do not restrict movement -Surround passenger with soft articles to protect against injury -wipe away froth from his/her mouth -turn casualty gently to the side with the face turned slightly Downward to allow drainage and prevent his tongue from Blocking the airway -ensure that they are warm/comfortable and allow them to sleep -DO NOT administer medication -keep passenger under close observation for a while and do not Leave until you are satisfied that he/she is fully aware of the Surroundings or in the care of another responsible person. SYRINGES/NEEDLES FAM-9-7-9.14 Needles and syringes which have been used can be harmful if they are not discarded properly. They may cause scratches and punctures that could lead to infections and diseases. The following precautions are to be taken by crew members when in contact with syringes/needles: - do not attempt to re-cap, any accidents or sudden movement such as turbulence, could cause a puncture wound - do not touch the tip - when handling protect your hands - dispose of the needle in a plastic water bottle and ensure the bottle is tightly capped and labelled - double bag the bottle and give it to the ramp attendant - when grooming the aircraft check the seat pockets for evidence of discarded needles or syringes prior to placing your hands inside Page 7
SUPPLIES FAM-9-8-9.15 Air Creebec Inc. also carries a first aid kit on each aircraft. They contain basic supplies that may assist you in administering firs aid. (see section 7 of the FAM for actual contents) In order to survive in the wilderness you need to be able to improvise And make use of the items that are carried onboard the aircraft, such as; -food supplies may be kept away from wildlife, by being stored In the commissary bins -coffee jugs may be used to get water -aircraft wing covers and tents can be use to form shelter against rain Heat and wind -oil from the oil cans can be used to burn aircraft seats to produce heavy Smoke signals -if safe, perhaps the aircraft itself can be used as shelter NOTE: One should never leave the aircraft site to search for help. DASH-8 KITS FAM-7-27-7.26 The FAK is to be taken off the aircraft in the event of an emergency In order to treat passengers who have sustained injures. The FAK is sealed and when the F/A retrieves an item from the kit, it will be marked on the sheet provided in the FAK and the F/A will record it in the Accident Record book. The F/A will ask PIC to snag it in the Journey Log Book. Page 8
SUSPECTED DEATH ACI-FLIGHT ATTENDANT INITIAL TRAINING As a first aider, you do not have the authority to pronounce a person dead. Therefore, you will always treat as an unconscious casualty. FAM-9-9-9.17 -cover a person with a blanket or coat -ensure his/her seatbelt is fastened -if a passenger is sitting beside the passenger ask him To hold the person to prevent him/her from falling forward -Flight Attendant must return to his/her assigned seat for landing When there is no doctor on the flight and a person appears to have succumbed, the Captain will notify the nearest scheduled landing point to have a doctor and an ambulance meet the flight, reporting the passenger s condition as seriously ill. The station and ambulance crew will remove the passenger for immediate transportation to the hospital. Page 9