More than half the world lives on less than $2 a day PRB s 2005 World Population Data Sheet reveals persisting global inequalities in health and well-being Presentation by Bill Butz, Carl Haub, Linda Jacobsen, and Roger-Mark De Souza of the Population Reference Bureau, August 23, 2005
The Demographic Divide : The example of Tanzania and Poland Tanzania Poland Population 2005 (millions) 36.5 38.2 Population 2050 71.4 32.4 Lifetime Births per Woman 5.7 1.2 Annual Number of Births 1,500,000 355,000 Percent of Population Below Age 15 45 14 Percent of Population Age 65+ 3 20 Life Expectancy at Birth 44 82 Annual Number of Infant Deaths Percent Living Below US$2 a Day 105,000 2,400 73 <2
Global population growth: A developing country phenomenon Billions 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 Developing countries Developed countries 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision, medium variant.
Europe is the only world region projected to decline in population by 2050. Millions North America 457 326 Latin America/ Caribbean 778 549 Europe 668 728 2050 2005 Africa 885 1,941 Asia 3,875 5,385
In the developed countries there are fewer and fewer young people, more and more elderly (2005). Millions Age 80+ 70-74 60-64 50-54 40-44 30-34 20-24 10-14 0-4 Males Females 300 200 100 00 100 200 300 Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision.
The young population of the developing countries has great growth potential (2005). Millions Age 90+ 80-84 70-74 60-64 50-54 40-44 30-34 20-24 10-14 0-4 Males Females 300 200 100 00 100 200 300 Source: United Nations Populations Division, World Population Prospects, The 2004 Revision.
India s fertility has declined in fits and starts. Births per 1,000 population 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 Birth rate stabilizes following unpopular birth control program during the emergency of the 1970s Resumption of gradual birth rate decrease 1971 1973 1975 1977 1979 1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 Source: Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System.
Fertility varies widely across the states of India. Children per woman Kerala Tamil Nadu Andhra Pradesh Maharashtra Karnataka Orissa Gujarat Haryana Madhya Pradesh Rajasthan Bihar Uttar Pradesh 1.8 2 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.8 3.9 4.3 4.4 Source: Registrar General of India, Sample Registration System, 2002.
Thailand represents a smooth transition to below-replacement fertility. Children per woman 7 6 5 4 3 Family planning program officially begins 2 1 0 1950-1955 1955-1960 1960-1965 1965-1970 1970-1975 1975-1980 1980-1985 1985-1990 1990-1995 1995-2000 2000-2005 Source: United Nations Population Division and Population Reference Bureau.
Fertility is higher in the United States than in most other developed countries. Children per woman South Korea Italy Japan Germany Spain Canada United Kingdom Netherlands Sweden Australia France United States 1.19 1.26 1.28 1.3 1.3 1.49 1.72 1.73 1.74 1.77 1.9 2.03 Source: PRB, 2005 World Population Data Sheet.
Fertility differs considerably among race and ethnic groups in the United States. Children per woman White, non- Hispanic 1.86 Asian/Pacific Islander 1.87 Black, non- Hispanic 2.03 Hispanic 2.79 Mexican 2.88 Source: National Center for Health Statistics.
People are living longer than ever before in the U.S., but gaps in life expectancy between blacks and whites persist. Years 85 80 75 White female Black female 70 White male 65 60 Black male 55 1970 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 1988 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 Source: National Center for Health Statistics.
Infant mortality for blacks has remained twice as high as infant mortality for whites since the early 1980s. Infant deaths per 1,000 births 25 20 15 Black, non-hispanic 10 5 0 Hispanic White, non-hispanic Asian 1983 1984 1985 1990 1991 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 Source: National Center for Health Statistics.
Decreases in the rates of child poverty have not closed the gap between minority and white children. Percent living in poverty 50 45 Black 40 35 Hispanic 30 25 20 15 10 5 White, non-hispanic 0 1980 1985 1990 1993 1995 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Source: Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics.
In many parts of the world, rural populations still lack access to safe drinking water. Sub-Saharan Africa 45 82 South-Central Asia 80 94 East Asia 69 94 Western Asia 73 95 Rura l Urban Latin America/Caribbean 69 96 Eastern Europe 81 99 North America 100 100 Source: Based on UNICEF, End-Decade Databases, January 2005.
Six of the top 15 energy users are lowincome countries. Total energy use, in millions of metric tons of oil equivalent, 2002 Iran, Islamic Rep. Indonesia Mexico 133 156 157 Italy Brazil Korea, Rep. United Kingdom 172 190 203 226 Canada France Germany 250 265 346 Japan India Russian Federation China United States 516 538 617 1,228 2,290 Source: World Bank, 2005 World Development Indicators: table 3.7.
High-income countries have the highest energy use per capita. Energy use per capita, in thousands of kilograms of oil equivalent, 2002 France New Zealand Netherlands Belgium Sweden Australia Saudi Arabia Norway Singapore Finland Trinidad & Tobago United States Canada Kuwait United Arab Emirates 4.5 4.6 4.8 5.5 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.1 6.9 7.1 7.9 8 9.5 9.6 Source: World Bank, 2005 World Development Indicators: table 3.7.