IPC Nordic Skiing Technical Information Cross Country sprint 2-6 Cross Country middle distance 7-9 Cross Country long distance 10-15 Cross Country relay 16-17 Biathlon short distance 18-19 Biathlon middle distance 20-24 Biathlon long distance 25-26 Biathlon Range layout 27-29 Marshals 30-31 Penalty loop 32 Holding zone 34 Track setting sit ski 35 1
Cross Country : Sprint standingclassic ( + Sprint sitski) CC Sprint standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 1200m 1200m 1 CC Sprint standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 1200m 1200m 1 Homologation 1.2km standing TC : 0-60m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: The inside of turns have to be marked very clearly to avoid short cuts and technique violations. No tracks in sharp turns and steep downhills. 2
Cross Country : Sprint standingfree ( + Sprint sitski) CC Sprint standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 1200m 1200m 1 CC Sprint standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 1200m 1200m 1 Homologation 1.2km standing TC : 0-60m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 1 track has to be set along the whole course on the outside (for standing) In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. 3
Cross Country : Sprint sitski ( + Sprint standing) CC Sprint sit ski LW 10-12 men 800m 800m 1 CC Sprint sit ski LW 10-12 women 800m 800m 1 Homologation 800 m Sit ski TC : 0-30m MC : 15m A-hills: B-hills: See Sprint standing+ sitski See Sprint standing+ sitski See Sprint standing+ sitski In sections where the sit ski course is together with the free technique standing course the standing course has to be fenced off with V- boards to avoid short cuts (especially in turns ). 4
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Cross Country : middledistance standingclassic (+ middledistancesitski) CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 10km 2.5km 4 CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 5km 2.50km 2 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in steep downhills 7
Cross Country : middledistance standingfree ( + middledistancesitski ) CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 10km 2.5km 4 CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 5km 2.50km 2 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. 8
Cross Country : middledistance sitski ( + middledistancestanding ) CC middle sit ski LW 10-12 men 10 km 2.5 km 4 CC middle sit ski LW 10-12 women 5 km 2.5 km 2 Homologation 2.5 km sit ski TC : 30-60 m MC : 15 m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 See layout middle distance standing free or classic. See layout middle distance standing free or classic. No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. 9
Cross Country : longdistance standingclassic CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 20km 5.0km 4 CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 15km 5.0km 3 Homologation 5.0km standing TC : 140-180m MC : 40m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 4-6 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in steep downhills 10
Ski exchange boxes: different options 11
Ski exchange box using the shooting range 1 or 2 boxes per nation, marked with flags or signs. Space of the range can be used to prepare and store skis. A Firing line Passingforathleteswithnoskiexchange( alwaysshortestway! ) Ski exchange (2 coaches per nation allowed in this zone) B Firing line Passingforathleteswithnoskiexchange( alwaysshortestway! ) 12
Ski exchange box on course Space behind the marked zone can be used to prepare and store skis. 3 big zones that can be used by the nations (no special assignments, 2 coaches per nation) C Passingforathleteswithnoskiexchange( alwaysshortestway! ) Ski exchange (2 coaches per nation allowed in this zone) D Passingforathleteswithnoskiexchange( alwaysshortestway! ) 13
Cross Country : long distance standing free CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 20km 5.0km 4 CC long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 15km 5.0km 3 Homologation 5.0km standing TC : 140-180m MC : 40m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 4-6 1 track has to be set along the whole course on the outside. 14
Cross Country : long distance sit ski CC long sit ski LW 10-12 men 15 km 3.0 km 5 CC long sit ski LW 10-12 women 12 km 3.0 km 4 Homologation 3.0 km sit ski TC : 36-65 m MC : 15 m A-hills: 1-2 B-hills: 2-4 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. 15
Cross Country : Relay ( mixedrelay+ open relay) Relay all mixed 4x 2.5km Homologation 2.5km 2.5km Sit ski standing TC : TC : 30-60m 75-90m MC : MC : 15m 30m 2.5km sit ski 2.5 km standing A-hills: A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: B-hills: 1 per leg 1 3 2-3 Whenever possible 2 tracks have to be set. Arrow start. 16
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Biathlon : shortdistance standing ( + shortdistancesitski ) BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 7.5km 2.5km 3 BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 6.0km 2.0km 3 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 Homologation 2.0km standing TC : 50-80m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 1-3 In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. Penalty loop 150m 18
Biathlon : shortdistance sitski ( + shortdistancestanding ) BT short sit ski LW 10-12 men 7.5 km 2.5 km 3 BT short sit ski LW 10-12 women 6.0 km 2.0 km 3 Homologation 2.5km sit ski TC : 30-60m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 Homologation 2.0km sit ski TC : 25-55m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. Penalty loop 150m 19
Biathlon : middledistance standing ( + middledistancesitski ) BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 12.5km 2.5km 5 BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 10km 2.0km 5 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 Homologation 2.0km standing TC : 50-80m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 1-3 In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. Penalty loop 150m 20
Biathlon : middledistance sitski ( + middledistancestanding ) BT short sit ski LW 10-12 men 12.5 km 2.5 km 5 BT short sit ski LW 10-12 women 10 km 2.0 km 5 Homologation 2.5km sit ski TC : 30-60m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 Homologation 2.0km sit ski TC : 25-55m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. Penalty loop 150m 21
Biathlon : Pursuitmiddledistance standing ( + middledistancesitski ) BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 12.5km 2.5km 5 BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 10km 2.0km 5 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 Homologation 2.0km standing TC : 50-80m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 1-3 In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. Penalty loop 150m 22
Biathlon : Pursuitmiddledistance sitski ( + middledistancestanding ) BT short sit ski LW 10-12 men 12.5 km 2.5 km 5 BT short sit ski LW 10-12 women 10 km 2.0 km 5 Homologation 2.5km sit ski TC : 30-60m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 Homologation 2.0km sit ski TC : 25-55m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. Penalty loop 150m 23
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Biathlon : longdistance standing ( + longdistancesitski ) BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 men 15km 3.0km 5 BT long standing LW 2-9/B1-3 women 12.5km 2.5km 5 Homologation 3.0km standing TC : 78-110m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-4 Homologation 2.5km standing TC : 75-90m MC : 30m A-hills: B-hills: 2-3 In sections where standing and sit ski are together, 2 tracks have to be set. No penalty loop, time penalty (1 min) 25
Biathlon : longdistance sitski ( + longdistancestanding ) BT short sit ski LW 10-12 men 15 km 3.0 km 5 BT short sit ski LW 10-12 women 12.5 km 2.5 km 5 Homologation 3.0km sit ski TC : 35-65m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-2 B-hills: 2-4 Homologation 2.5km sit ski TC : 30-60m MC : 15m A-hills: 0-1 B-hills: 1-3 No tracks in sharp turns. No tracks in sections where athletes have to leave the track. No penalty loop, time penalty (1 min) 26
Layout BT Range 1 WC 10B 10 LW WC minimum 62m 27.10.12
WC 10B 10 LW / minimum 62m Layout BT Range 2
Layout BT Range 3
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Layout BT Penalty loop The most fair layout of the penalty loop is : Width : Length : Radius (inside turn): 40m 71m 14m 71 m 40 m Sometimes the stadium layout doesn t offer the best possibility. The following layout would also be acceptable (marked green!)
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Cross Country + Biathlon : Holding zone Holding zone Holding zone Start of the holding zone: 2 greensignsanda coloured linein thesnowmarkthestart of the holding zone. The holding zone shall start before the downhill starts(before the track ends) togivetheathletea good chance to prepare for the downhill. Holding zone Holding zone WCH & PWG : A camerateamshallrecordtheactionateachholdingzoneandreport violations to the jury. End oftheholding zone: 2 redsignsanda colouredline in thesnowmarktheend ofthe holding zone. The holding zone shallend whenthespeedisn t high anymore. The track shall start before the holding zone endstogivetheathletea good chance to find the track. 34
Track setting: sit ski No tracks when the athletes have to leave the track! To enter the track is no problem for a sit ski! No tracks in sharp turns (less than 14m radius) 35