4HNH Project Book Name: Age: Name of Club: Years in 4H The Institute of Food and Agricultural Science (IFAS) is an Equal Opportunity Institution authorized to proved research, educational information and other services only to individuals and institutions that function without regard to race, creed, color, religion, age, disability, sex, sexual orientation, marital status, national origin, political opinions or affiliations. U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, COOPERATIVE EXTENSIONS SERVICE, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, IFAS, FLORIDA A & M UNIVERSITY COOPERATIVE EXTENSION PROGRAM, AND BOARDS OF COUNTY COMMISSIONERS COOPERATING. Revised October 2006 by Vera Collins 4-H Lake County 4-H Secretary, this book is also available on the web at: http://lake.ifas.ufl.edu/4-h/horse.htm
Beginner Horseman Project The Beginner Horseman record book is intended for 4-H members who either own or lease a horse or pony, or who are involved in the care and handling of a horse or pony. This project will guide you as you learn more about the basic care and handling of horses. If this is your very first experience with horses, it may be helpful to complete the Horse Lover record book prior to, or along with Beginner Horseman. Additional beginner activities and skills can be found in level one of the Horse Advancement Series. Once completed, level one can be submitted and recognized with a certificate of completion. Beginner Horseman Project Topics: Parts/Conformation Feeds/Feeding Hoof anatomy/care Tack Grooming Gaits Barn Safety Basic Handling 2
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Leg Conformation: from the list, correctly label each example ¾ ¾ ¾ ú ú ú correct back at the knees sickle-hocked correct over in the knees Base-wide/toes out correct cow-hocked base narrow/toes-out 4
Coronet Heel Hoof Anatomy and Care Toe Hoof wall 1. How often should you clean your horse s hooves? 2. When properly cleaned, what upside-down letter do you easily see? 3. How often should you have the farrier trim or shoe your horse? 4. What is the purpose of the frog? 5. What is thrush? How is it treated? Toe Hoof wall Sole Quarter Heel Frog 5
Parts of a Western Bridle, write the correct name next to the number: Browband * Cheeks * Bit * Reins * Curbstrap (chain) * Throat Latch 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Parts of an English Bridle, write the correct name next to the letter: Caveson Reins Cheeks Browband Bit - Throat Latch - Crown 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 12
Western Saddle, write the correct name on the lines provided: Fender *Horn *Stirrup *Seat *Cantle *Skirt English Saddle, write the correct name on the lines provided: Girth *Seat *Cantle *Stirrup *Pommel *Flap 7
Grooming Supplies Put the Correct name next to the tool. Used after curry comb, second brush to be used used for combing long hairs Brings dirt to the surface used in circular motion Finishing Brush, last one to be used. Cleans dirt out of the hooves Dandy brush * Mane & Tail Comb * Hoof Pick * Body Brush * Curry Comb 8
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How much does horse feed cost per month? 1. Ask a horse owner how many pounds of sweetfeed, oats, and hay are fed to his/her horse per day. Calculate how many pounds of feed you would have to buy for one month. Sweetfeed lbs/day x 30 days = lbs/month Oats lbs/day x 30 days = lbs/month Hay* lbs/day x 30 days = lbs/month 2. The above grains are carried in 50 pound bags at the feed store. How many bags of each of the feeds would you need? (At least the number of pounds per month that the horse eats.) Sweetfeed lbs/month divided by 50 lbs/bag = bags Oats lbs/month divided by 50 lbs/bag = bags Hay* lbs/month divided by 50 lbs/bag = bags 3. Call your feed store, or have one person in your club call for these prices: 50 lb bag Sweetfeed $ 50 lb bag Oats $ Hay * bale $ 4. Figure feed costs for one month using the prices above Sweetfeed bags x price/bag = Oats bags x price/bag = Hay * bags x price/bag = Salt/mineral block Price/each = Total cost of feed per month: $ 5. Many other expenses must be added to this total to show the true cost of a horse per month. Stall rent, pasture rent, veterinary care, tack necessary, feed buckets, water buckets, and other tack. These expenses vary from place to place. If you know of a stable in your area that rents stalls, call them to find out the cost of stall per month. $ * A hay bale can weigh between 40 & 80 pounds per bale. Use a 50 pound bake in this example. There are approximately 10 pats or pads of hay in each bale. Thus if the owner feeds 4 pats per day she is feeding 20 pounds of hay a day. 10
Safety A horse was left in an unsafe pasture. Write down the unsafe practices you see. 1. 3. 2. 4. List any other unsafe practices you know about 1. 2. 3. Horses and humans both benefit from a clean, neat environment. Safety is our responsibility. One trip to the doctor for your injury or to the horse doctor (veterinarian) for you horse can cost a lot more than the few minutes it takes us to care for the horse and yourself in a safe manner. 1. Name a veterinarian who will treat large animals in your community, such as a horses. 2. Have a member of your club call for the following information: A. How much does a veterinarian s visit cost? $ B. Does this include any injections or medication? 11
Horse Handling Exercises 1. Halter Handling & Care Exercises Date Ldr/Instructor Initials 2. Lead 3. Groom 4. Saddle and Bridle 5. Mount and Dismount 6. Cool out a hot horse 7. Clean a stall 8. Point out the parts of a horse 9. Point out the parts of saddle/bridle 4-H Ranch 12
Feed Finder Find the following feeds in the puzzle below. In the list of feeds, circle the feeds that are grains and underline the feeds that are forages. O T D Q L A E M N A E B Y O S R A N G M O L A S S E S S P T C S S R E V O L C R K J T A F H O A A O B R O M E G R A S S A L F I I C L U W Y X L O N N R K L N S Q D U G R R W R R U D E A S P A B E E T P U L P T G B F O G A B V R G P D S E M R Q L R N X F W B P R B O T T A Q A G M V X H J F T A E H W S S Y H T O M I T T L R S B H S R E U C S E F K F L L C S M W U M M B S Z P D G U E I W K L M T Z H F Y Y Q I D Y O X F alfalfa bluegrass fat barley bromegrass fescue timothy grain sorghum clover wheat beet pulp corn molasses soybeam meal rye Bermuda grass orchard grass Oats CLUE: at least 6 or more of the above words are spelled backwards. 13
A stallion is a horse. A mare is a horse. A foal is a horse. A filly is a female horse. A colt is a male horse. Did You Know...? A foal is a yearling after its first birthday. A sire is the word used for the father of a horse. A dam is the word used for the mother of a horse. A pony is not a baby horse. It is a fully grown small horse. A horse's height is measured in human hands. One hand = 4". There is an estimated 750 million horses in the world. Draught horses are the worlds strongest animals apart from elephants. Most foals are born at night when the herd is less likely to be on the move. The smallest breeds are the Fallabellas from Argentina (and the newer miniature horse and pony). The tallest breed is the shire horse from England. The oldest recorded horse is a barge horse from England named 'Old Bill' who lived for 62 years Horses, like humans, have one leg (in a horse's case, make that two) that is a hair shorter than the other. By observing which side of the neck a horse's main falls on you can tell which front leg is the shortest. The main will fall to the short-legged side. C:\Documents and Settings\collinsv\Desktop\4-H\HORSE\All revised Horse\HORSE beginner.wpd web site: http://lake.ifas.ufl.edu/4-h/index.htm 14