Making a Real Impact

Making a Real Impact Crowne Plaza Milwaukee Airport 6401 South 13th Street Milwaukee, WI 53221 (414) 764-5300 www.crowneplazamke.com www.missroyaltyinternational.com

Date/Location (*Call and ask for the Miss Royalty Intl. Room Block!) August 8-11, 2019 Crowne Plaza Milwaukee Airport 6401 South 13th Street Milwaukee, WI 53221 (414) 764-5300 **PAGEANT ROOM RATE: $115/night www.crowneplazamke.com **BOOK EARLY!!** Hotels do run out of rooms. You will not be charged until the pageant. All contestants MUST stay at the host hotel and book in the MRI room block for us to get credit for your stay. AGE DIVISIONS 4-6 Little 16-19 Teen 7-9 Junior 20-29 Miss (Married or single) 10-12 PreTeen 30-44 Ms./Mrs. (Married or single) 13-15 Jr. Teen 45+ Woman (Ms./Mrs.) (Married or single) You must enter age division for your age as of August 8, 2019. There are no fallback dates. 20-29, 30-44 and 45+ are for all women, married or single. Registration Fee $595.00 - Includes: State/Local crown, sash, tshirt, contestant meal for Awards Dinner, all required competitions for International Queen title, participation trophy at Internationals, beautiful gifts at Internationals for all contestants, program book, party. *NOTE* Ad pages are NOT required. This is the total fee. There are OPTIONAL competitions that you may choose to enter, but they have no bearing on the queen titles and are not judged by the queen judges. How to Enter Go to www.missroyaltyinternational.com. Click on "ONLINE REGISTRATION" at the top of the page and fill out the online registration form. It contains basic information such as name, address, age, etc. Choose whether you will be paying your full $595.00 registration fee now (required to be paid in full before we reserve your choice of title and order your sash), or a minimum $200.00 deposit now. Click on SUBMIT at the end of the form, and you will be taken to a page instructing you how to make paypal payment.. After your $595.00 fee is paid in full, you will receive information regarding additional optional competitions, admission and meal tickets for others, etc. Competition Categories 1/3 Interview: You will be interviewed by a panel of judges, who will be sitting at one table. You will sit in a chair a few feet from the judges. Questions will be based largely on the information provided by you on your registration form/application, although additional questions may be asked. There will be no political, religious or current events questions. Wear a suit or dress of your choosing, similar to something you would wear for a job interview. Slight embellishment is allowed, but heavy stoning is discouraged. This is your chance to shine and let the judges get to know your personality! Interviews will be 4 minutes for 13+ and 2 1/2 minutes for ages 4-12. Judging will be based on articulate speaking ability, confidence, eye contact, substance of responses, appropriate use of vocabulary, and general conversational ability. 1/3 Evening Gown: 4-12 JUNIORS - Choose an evening gown or party dress that is appropriate for your age and personal style. Ages 4-6 can wear long or short, 7-9 and 10-12 should wear long. Dresses may be embellished with beads, sequins, pearls or rhinestones. 13+ MISS - Choose an evening gown that is appropriate for your age and personal style. The skirt may be full or straight. For floor length gowns, your shoes should not show when you are standing still. Hi-low gowns are allowed (shorter in front, longer in back). Trains are allowed, and gowns may be embellished with beads, sequins, pearls or rhinestones. The cost of the gown is not taken into consideration. Choose a gown that makes you feel like a queen! 1/3 Fashion Wear: Choose a fun, fashionable outfit that shows your personal style. You may select a fun cocktail dress, a colorful hi-low gown, a sporty New York vogue style outfit with accessories (hairpieces, hats, etc.), or anything else that shows off your spunky personality! Visit our facebook page for photos and examples of past competitions for ideas. Judging will be based on creativity, poise and confidence, appropriateness of outfit, general appeal, and overall impression. Opening Production Number Each contestant should wear a short black dress for opening production number. You may have a slight amount of gold or silver on the dress, and wear black, taupe, silver or gold shoes and accessories. If you would win the pageant, you will be photographed in your black production number dress after the pageant. The production number is not judged. During the production number, you will follow a walking pattern (taught in rehearsals) and state your first name and city/state. 1

OPTIONAL COMPETITIONS (These are NOT required and have no bearing on the queen titles. A separate panel of judges will score these competitions) Miss Royalty America: FEE: $100.00. One to be crowned in each age division. This title is awarded to the contestant with the next highest score who did not win the Queen title, out of the contestants who entered this optional. Sometimes the Miss Royalty America winner is the 1st runner up and sometimes it is the 2nd or 3rd runner up, etc. it s whoever was next in line that entered this optional. Winners receive a beautiful round gold crown, sash and matching sceptre. This title does not return to crown their successor and there is no contract associated with this title. (**NOTE** if you are from another country and win this title, you will be crowned with the Miss Royalty America sash, but a replacement sash will be mailed to you after the pageant with your country instead of America, i.e. Miss Royalty United Kingdom.) This title may be double crowned with any of the below titles. (Miss Royalty America winners are crowned at the final pageant, and the other optional titles are crowned at the Awards Dinner.) International Fashion Model: FEE: $50.00 One to be crowned in the 4-12 Junior divisions, and one in the 13+ Miss division. This is an overall title for the person who scores the highest in Fashion Wear, as scored by the general panel of judges. You do not need to compete separately for this title; you will already be competing in Fashion Wear for the Queen title, and that is the score that is used here. International Runway Model: FEE: $50.00 One to be crowned in the 4-12 Junior divisions, and one in the 13+ Miss division. This is an overall title for the person who scores the highest in Evening Gown, as scored by the general panel of judges. You do not need to compete separately for this title; you will already be competing in Evening Gown for the Queen title, and that is the score that is used here. International Print Model: FEE: $50.00 One to be crowned in the 4-12 Junior divisions, and one in the 13+ Miss division. This is an overall title for the person who scores the highest in Photogenic. Submit an electronic high resolution photo (300 dpi) of your choice to missroyaltyinternational@gmail.com. First photo is $50; additional photos are $35.00 each. All photos will be judged, but only your highest scoring photo will be used for the International Print Model title. Photo submission deadline is June 8, 2019. NO EXCEPTIONS; photos will be judged in advance by a separate panel of judges on clarity, composition, beauty and overall impression. International Role Model: FEE: $50.00 One to be crowned in the 4-12 Junior divisions, and one in the 13+ Miss division. This is an overall title for the person who scores the highest in Essay, submitted in advance of the pageant. Essay should be no longer than one page and the subject of the Essay is describe your favorite/most memorable volunteer experience. The Essay submission deadline is June 8, 2019. NO EXCEPTIONS; essays will be judged in advance by a separate panel of judges on grammar, spelling, individuality, content and uniqueness. THE ABOVE 4 INTERNATIONAL MODEL TITLES ARE NOT DOUBLE CROWNED. If you win International Fashion Model, you are pulled from the remaining International Model competitions. They are crowned in the following order: International Fashion Model, then International Runway Model, then Print, then Role. Each winner receives a beautiful gold tiara in the style of the Queen crowns with large purple stones and a sash. International Spokesmodel: FEE: $50.00 One to be crowned in each age division. This is the first title in the optional crowning order and it is not double crowned. If you win this title, you will be pulled from the 4 International Model titles listed above, as well as from International Volunteer (below). Your speech should be no more than 100 words and based on your choice of the following topics: 4-12 Year Junior Divisions: My Favorite Person, When I Grow Up, or The Best Thing About Me. 13+ Miss Divisions: My Life in 10 Years, My Dream Job, or A Perfect Day. One winner in each age division will receive a beautiful gold crown/tiara and sash. An optional panel of judges will score contestants on content, originality, stage presence, confidence and International Volunteer: FEE: FREE. Each contestant will submit a spreadsheet listing their volunteer hours and activities for the past one year period. A separate panel of judges will score this competition based on number of hours and variety of activities. Proof/photos are not required to be submitted, but be prepared to provide documentation if asked. The deadline to submit the Volunteer forms is June 8, 2019. NO EXCEPTIONS; judging will occur in advance by a separate panel of judges. INTERNATIONAL COVER GIRL The contestant who sells the most ad pages over $1,000.00 will receive the International Cover Girl title. Winners receive the same international crown, and rhinestoned sash as the Miss Royalty America queens. See the forms pages in this packet for ad page outlines and prices. Approach your local businesses and ask them to sponsor the pageant with tax deductible advertising to be printed in the program books and distributed at the International pageant. Our advertising prices are very reasonable, helping you to be successful in your quest for the International Cover Girl title! There will be one International Cover Girl title awarded in the Junior (4-12) pageant and one awarded in the Miss (13+) pageant. We do not double crown this title with our International Queens or Miss Royalty America age division queens. If you win Queen or Miss Royalty America, you are awarded the Queen or Miss Royalty America title and the next person in line receives the International Cover Girl title. The International Cover Girls do not return to crown their successor and there is no contract associated with this title. 2

ADDITIONAL COSTS Admission tickets for parents, friends, family. Everyone attending preliminary competitions and Finals (except contestants) must purchase an admission ticket. One ticket covers preliminaries and finals. Gold Admission tickets are best seating closest to the stage and they must be purchased in advance, as they sell out every year. Gold Admission tickets are $35.00 for ages 13+ and $10.00 for ages 4-12. General Admission tickets are $25.00 for ages 13+ and $7.00 for ages 4-12. IF YOUR 0-3 YEAR OLD CHILD TAKES UP A SEAT, THEY MUST PURCHASE A TICKET. IF THEY SIT ON A LAP, THEY DO NOT NEED TO PURCHASE A TICKET. General admission tickets may be purchased in advance and they will also be sold at the door. All contestants attend the candy buffet party for free. Everyone else that attends must purchase a $10.00 Party Admission ticket. This helps cover the cost of the candy buffet and other items. The party is not generally open to the public, but if you have close friends/family staying with you for the weekend, you may invite them to the party, but they will need to purchase an admission ticket. Friends/family may not come to the hotel just to attend the party. We want to make sure the contestants receive enough candy, and they will be sent to the candy buffet line first. Party tickets may be purchased in advance and they will also be sold at the door. Everyone that attends the Awards Dinner must purchase a meal ticket. Contestant meals are included in their entry fee, but anyone accompanying them must purchase a meal. 13+ meals are $50.00 and child meals up to age 12 are $30.00. Awards Dinner meals must be purchased in advance deadline to purchase is July 28, 2019. NO EXCEPTIONS.. The hotel needs the meal count 2 weeks in advance in order to purchase enough food. WINNER CONTRACT Contract: There is a contractual requirement for the International pageant. If you win the International Queen title, you are not allowed to compete in or represent other pageants at any level without express written permission from Cheryl Smukowski, Michelle Becker, Miss Royalty International and/or Winners Edge Productions, LLC. Criteria for the decision whether to allow you to compete in or represent other pageants will be based on whether participation in another pageant will hinder or prevent you from making appearances on behalf of Miss Royalty International and/or return to crown your successor the following year, as well as how early it is in your reign. As an International titleholder, you are expected to exclusively represent Miss Royalty International until you crown your successor. In general, permission to compete in or represent other pageants after winning Internationals may only be granted near the end of your reign even if the foregoing criteria is met. Other pageants: You may enter other pageants with your STATE/ LOCAL title as long as those other pageants national or state titles do not interfere with our International pageant on August 8-11, 2019. In other words, we strongly advise not paying for another pageant whose title you are not willing to relinquish should you win our International pageant due to our no compete contract that you will sign upon winning. INTERNATIONAL QUEEN PRIZE PACKAGE Signature Miss Royalty International round gold and purple crown Custom embroidered gold and purple rhinestoned sash Custom matching crown sceptre 3-foot, 3-post purple diamond trophy Custom "piece of the crown" sash pin Custom "piece of the crown" necklace Your choice from a selection of rhinestone crown rings Custom logo gusseted garment bag with clear pockets Jewelry from Bling Everywhere* Autograph cards from MB Designs** Custom logo rolling suitcase Signature Miss Royalty International miniature replica round crown teddy bear w/embroidered and rhinestoned sash Miss Royalty International custom crown box Purple and gold rhinestone carriage trinket box Watch Custom royalty drawing by Melita Moda Designs* Contestant gifts Post crowning photo shoot with DazzleShot Images* Queens photo shoot with Daniel DuVerney Photography* Coronation dinner and contract signing 2 page spread in 2017 International program book Featured in Queen Magazine during year of reign Gifts throughout year of reign Publicity on social media, website and printed advertising Large headshot title poster for 2019 Internationals 3 nights shared room paid for 2019 Internationals Awards Dinner meal for 2019 Internationals 2 Gold Admission tickets for 2019 Internationals All access pass for 2019 Internationals Appreciation gifts at 2019 Internationals *Miss Royalty International is not responsible for prizes donated by sponsors. NON-REFUNDABLE FEES/PAYMENTS Please note that in the event you default on any or all of your obligations, fail to attend the International pageant for any reason, and/or win another title requiring you to give up your local, state, regional, national or International title, there will be no refunds or transfers of any deposits, fees, advertising and/or sponsorship money, tickets or meal purchases. We do not carry over fees to the following year. Please be sure you are able to attend the International pageant before you enter. MINIMUM DEPOSIT The minimum allowable deposit is $200.00. Payments of $100 per month after the initial deposit are expected until the balance is paid in full. Once the full basic entry fee of $595 is received, your sash will be ordered and your crown and sash will be sent to you. Your title will be reserved especially for you, and you will be placed in the contestant lineup for your age division at this point. First to fully enter is last in lineup, so as full entries are received, each contestant will be placed in front of the prior contestant in lineup. The full basic registration fee is $595.00 3

PARTY Most Beautiful Mom/Most Beautiful Grandma: Our Most Beautiful Mom and Grandma contests are one of the most fun parts of our party, which is held Friday night. Contestants bring their moms and grandmas on stage and introduce them, and then they take a short walk and pose. Royalty Judges select the winners, who are crowned the Most Beautiful Mom and Most Beautiful Grandma! These are light-hearted, relaxing and fun contests that have no bearing on the pageant outcome. Contestants are not eligible to enter this competition. **NOTE** We will randomly select 20 moms and grandmas out of those wishing to participate in these contests, as there isn t enough time for everyone to compete. Most Handsome Man: Yes, men get in on the action too! Adult dads, brothers, husbands, significant others are welcome to strut their stuff on stage. At the end of the competition, one man is selected as our International Most Handsome Man! **NOTE** We will randomly select 20 men who wish to participate in this contest, as there isn t enough time for everyone to compete. Worst Model: This competition is for contestants only. Get on stage and model in the worst way possible, doing things you d never do in competition. A winner is selected and crowned Best Model. **NOTE** We will randomly select 20 contestants to participate in this contest, as there isn t enough time for everyone to compete. Best tshirt: Embellish your custom logo t-shirt before the International pageant! Be creative. add fabrics, beads, rhinestones, bows, anything that suits your fancy! We ve seen lights, cutouts, fringe, and yes, even capes! Judging will be held at the Friday night party, and winners will be announced at the Awards Dinner on Saturday night. This contest is free. Each age division winner will receive a trophy. WEAR YOUR DECORATED TSHIRT AND BLACK PANTS/SHORTS/ SKIRT TO THE PARTY, along with your crown and sash! FAMILY DISCOUNT There is a family discount for those who have 2 or more contestants entered in the pageant. The oldest contestant pays full price of the basic registration fee, and the remaining contestants in the same family pay $395.00. We cannot discount the items that are included with your entry fee, as we must pay full price for those items (local/ state crown, sash, tshirt, meal, gifts, etc.) Additional optionals, meals and tickets are not discounted for family members. AWARDS DINNER The Awards Dinner is held on Saturday night. The 2019 Awards Dinner theme is Masquerade Madness wear your masquerade mask, and bling it up!!! The fancier, the better! Pants, skirts, leggings, jackets, tops, jewelry you name it! Bring out your personality and be creative! Over 300 certificates, plaques, trophies and titles are awarded at this dinner every year! REFERRAL CREDIT For every referral that lists your name on the Referral line of their entry form when they enter the pageant, you will receive a $50 credit off of your entry fees. Referrals must be people who have not already been in contact with us through various forms of communication, must not be a previous contestant, and may not be already listed as our facebook friend. Refer friends and receive money off your fees! 4

TENTATIVE SCHEDULE (Subject to change depending on Contestant numbers) Thursday, August 8, 2019 9:00 11:00 am Registration (Ballroom lobby) 11:00 Noon Stage practice time work on modeling pattern, Fashion Wear and Evening Gown practice (Ballroom) 12:00-1:30 pm <LUNCH BREAK> (On your own) 1:30 2:30 pm Orientation (Ballroom) 3:00 5:00 pm Rehearsal ALL (Ballroom) 5:00 6:00 pm <DINNER BREAK> (On your own) 6:30 8:30 pm Spokesmodel Competition ALL (Ballroom) 8:30 9:00 pm Contestant Gift exchange (Ballroom) Friday, August 9, 2019 8:00 am 12:30 pm Interviews 13+ Miss (ROOM TBA) 10:00 noon Rehearsal JUNIORS 4-12 (Ballroom) 12:30 2:00 pm <LUNCH BREAK> (On your own) 2:00 5:00 pm Fashion Wear Competition ALL (Ballroom) 5:00 7:00 pm <DINNER BREAK> (On your own) 7:00 pm International Party wear your tshirt and black bottoms! (BALLROOM) 10:00 pm Ballroom closed for the night Saturday, August 10, 2019 9:00-11:00 am Interviews JUNIORS 4-12 (ROOM TBA) 9:00-11:00 am Rehearsal Miss 13+ (Ballroom) 11:00-12:30 pm <LUNCH BREAK> (On your own) 12:30-3:30 pm Evening Gown Competition ALL (Ballroom) 6:00 pm Masquerade Madness Awards Dinner ALL Sunday, August 11, 2019 9:30 11:00 am Rehearsal All (BALLROOM) 11:00-1:00 pm <LUNCH BREAK> (On your own) 1:00 pm INTERNATIONAL FINALS/CROWNING ALL (Expected to end by 4:00 pm) **NEW INTERNATIONAL AGE DIVISION QUEENS STAY AFTER CROWNING FOR PHOTO SHOOTS, CONTRACT SIGNING, AND DINNER** Miss Royalty America Queens and International Cover Girls may leave after stage photos. Plan to stay over another night if you win an International Age Division Queen title we will have a photo shoot the following day until approx. 5 pm. SEATING CHART GOLD ADMISSION GET EVERYTHING IN ON TIME Every year, we have contestants who do not get their fees paid, photos sent, essays sent on time. This creates a huge problem for us in getting everything ready for the pageant. EVERYTHING is due no later than 2 months before the pageant.. i.e., June 8, 2019. There will be a $25 late fee assessed for each thing that is sent later than that date. We do not want the contestants who adhered to the deadline to suffer in any way because of those who did not. PLEASE pay attention to the deadline date and make sure everything is sent on time. HAIR AND MAKEUP Miss Royalty International has hair and makeup people that are our sponsors for the pageant, and we strongly recommend that if you choose to have hair and makeup done for the pageant, that you use our preferred providers. We will provide you with their names and contact information well before the pageant to allow you time to ask for their rates and book with them. These are experienced professionals who have done hair and makeup for Miss Royalty International, as well as for our next-day photo shoot with Daniel DuVerney and our new International Queens. Let us know if you would like to contact anyone who has used their services, for a positive review. 2019 INTERNATIONAL COVER GIRL Jade Vue EVERY CONTESTANT RECEIVES A TITLE TO REPRESENT AT INTERNATIONALS! 5

1. Judges decisions are final. RULES 2. If for any reason Contestant is unable to compete at the International Pageant, Contestant will return the state/local crown and sash in the same good condition in which they were received. If the crown and sash are not available to be returned in the condition in which they were received, Contestant will pay all replacement costs within 10 business days. 3. All fees paid to Miss Royalty International/Winners Edge Productions, LLC are NOT REFUNDABLE and NOT TRANSFERABLE in full or in part under any circumstances. This includes, but is not limited to entry fees, advertising fees, pageant admission tickets, meal fees and any other fees paid to Miss Royalty International/Winners Edge Productions, LLC by anyone including, but not limited to, contestants, sponsors and advertisers. 4. Contestant agrees to forever hold Winners Edge Productions, LLC, Miss Royalty International, its directors, employees, volunteers and staff members harmless of any and all claims and damages or liabilities due to theft, accident, loss or injury during or resulting from Contestant s child/contestant s participation in the International Finals or any Miss Royalty International Preliminary/State/Regional/ National Program or activity/event. 5. Contestant gives permission to Winners Edge Productions, LLC/Miss Royalty International to forever use Contestant's photographs, speeches, testimonials, videos, etc. for publicity purposes and future material without compensation. 6. Contestant understands that should Contestant win an International Queen age division title, Contestant will agree to successfully complete their year of reign. Successful completion of Contestant s reign is defined as attending the following year s Miss Royalty International pageant in its entirety, making appearances throughout the pageant year, not competing in or representing any other pageants before the following year s Miss Royalty International Finals without permission in writing from Winners Edge Productions, LLC, Miss Royalty International, Cheryl Smukowski or Michelle Becker, and returning to crown Contestant s successor at the following year s International Finals, staying the entire duration of the following year s International Finals pageant, and fully participating in the following year s International Finals pageant events. 8. Contestant must never have, nor will she during her reign, pose for any photography, video or film, associated with nudity or pornography. 9. Any contestant or family member showing unsportsmanlike conduct may be immediately disqualified without refund of fees paid. 10. Contestant will compete in the age division that matches their age and marital status as of the first day of the International pageant. There are no fallback dates. 11. Contestant will adhere to all deadlines referenced in the paperwork. Failure to adhere to any deadline may result in assessment of a $25 late fee for each item not turned in by the June 8, 2019 final deadline.. 12. Contestant agrees to conduct herself at all times in a manner consistent with the highest moral and ethical values. 13. Winners Edge Productions, LLC and Miss Royalty International is not responsible for any items that are lost, stolen or damaged at the pageant or in the dressing room, ballroom, or any other event space. 14. Contestants and families will not engage in conversation with the judges at any time until after final crowning. 15. If the pageant is not held for any reason, Contestant will receive a full refund of their entry fee, except for the $70 in merchandise already received (local/state tiara and sash and tshirt). 16. We respect all of our contestants and we expect you to treat each other in a friendly manner and with dignity and respect. Miss Royalty International is known as a pageant that treats every contestant equally well, and we are proud of our reputation of bringing quality young ladies together for healthy competition and fun memories. 17. All children under the age of 18 are to be accompanied by an adult at all times. When they are with our staff (for example, for closed rehearsals and interviews), we will not release them from rehearsals or interviews to anyone except their parents. Please make sure you are nearby to collect your children after all events. 18. Contestant understands that in the event of a tie, the tie will be broken based on Interview scores. 19. Rules are subject to change by Winners Edge Productions, LLC, Miss Royalty International, Cheryl Smukowski and/or Michelle Becker without prior notice. 20. Contestants agree not to stalk or contact other contestants on social media without approval from other contestants. If your advance is not responded to, then that contestant may not welcome the connection and may prefer to remain to themselves. We do not want any contestants to be uncomfortable. 99% of the time, contestants enjoy camaraderie and friendship before the pageant, but please be sensitive to those who may not wish to connect in advance of the pageant. 6

FULL PAGE AD: $200.00 HALF PAGE AD: $125.00 1/4 PAGE AD: $75.00 BUSINESS CARD AD: $35.00 BUSINESS CARD AD: $35.00 7

PHOTO PHOTO PHOTO FULL PAGE AD HALF PAGE ADS 1/4 PAGE ADS PHOTO PHOTO Sample Ad Page Layouts with Photo Please set up your own advertising pages; we are not able to do the work for multiple contestants. Email the pages to missroyaltyinternational@gmail.com, preferably in Word, Microsoft Publisher or jpg format. DO NOT SEND IN PDF FORMAT. Send ad pages in COLOR. The program book is a magazine quality publication. Ask your advertiser for camera ready ad copy if possible. If the advertiser does not have camera ready ad copy, have them submit a business card, depiction of their logo, a brochure or any other quality images and text they may have available. We will do our best to set up a quality advertisement for them if necessary. If you set up the ad pages yourself, leave room as shown above to put your photo somewhere on the ad pages, if possible. Sometimes that is not possible. The contestant with the most ad sales over $1,000 will win our coveted International Cover Girl title. If a contestant who has won the Cover Girl title also ends up winning their divisional International Queen or Royalty America title, then the International Cover Girl title will go to the person with the next highest ad sales over $1,000. If no one else has sold $1,000 in ad pages, the International Cover Girl title will not be awarded. There is no double crowning. The International Cover Girl title is an insurance title in case one would not win their International Queen or Royalty America title. It is not required that you sell advertising to participate in the pageant. This is an optional contest. There will be one International Cover Girl in the 4-12 Junior division and one in the 13+ Miss division. Make sure there is at least 1/4 around all edges to allow for printer trimming. 8