OBJECTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY OF PERCEIVED SAFETY & COMFORT DURING ASSISTED DRIVING Erich Ramschak Dr. Jürgen Holzinger Erik Bogner AVL List GmbH erich.ramschak@avl.com ConCar-Forum Berlin 5.-6.July 2017 E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 1
ACC ON MOVIE How does she feel? E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 2
AVL INTRODUCTION MAIN WORKING AREAS AT ADAS ENGINEERING System Engineering incl. specific function & SW development, calibration & testing Methods & tools for simulation, testing & validation from lab to road, objective assessment New predictive functions improving vehicle attributes e.g. energy / fuel efficiency For new levels of vehicle comfort, safety and efficiency E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 4
AVL INTRODUCTION MAIN WORKING AREAS AT ADAS ENGINEERING System Engineering incl. specific function & SW development, calibration & testing Methods & tools for simulation, testing & validation from lab to road, objective assessment New predictive functions improving vehicle attributes e.g. energy / fuel efficiency How want drivers to be driven by automated features? How to make this knowledge applicable for development of Assisted & Automated Driving features? For new levels of vehicle comfort, safety and efficiency E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 5
EXAMPLE: DRIVERS EXPECTATIONS Comfortable / Relaxed no surging & transients moderate accelerations medium reaction on traffic medium/long front vehicle distances mid lane trajectories U S A In-Hurry moderate surging & transients medium accelerations fast reaction on traffic short front vehicle distance ideal lane trajectories C H I N A Mandatory: Driving Quality and High Safety Feeling E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 6
ON-ROAD STUDY IMPORTANCE OF ACC CRITERIA Braking/Coast Reliability/Safety Distance/Time Gap Usability Top 5 Comfort Perceived safety and comfort feeling are most important criteria for drivers E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 7
AVL DEVELOPMENT APPROACH OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT OF DRIVER FEELING Perform test drives with a multiple of experienced drivers Implementation, testing and validation Selection of sensors and measurement method Correlation of human perception and sensor signals / physics AVL-DRIVE TM 4 ADAS ADAS/AD Assessment technology is based on proven AVL-DRIVE TM tool E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 8
AVL TECHNOLOGY APPROACH EVALUATION OF DRIVER S FEELING Sensors + HW Equipment Longitudinal Control Follow at constant speed, follow deceleration, approaching slower lead vehicle in front, e.g. speed assist Lateral Control Lane keeping, lane usage, distance to lane boarders, e.g. lane assist High satisfaction AVL-DRIVE TM 4 ADAS real-time measurement Lane Change Maneuvers Lateral acceleration level, duration of lane change, uniformity, e.g. lane change assist low/no acceptance Objective ratings of comfort & safety criteria continuously during assisted driving E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 9
ASSESSMENT OF DRIVERS FEELING AVL-DRIVE TM 4 ADAS Fully automated event triggering, assessment, logging & report generation without user interaction E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 10
ACC ASSESSMENT EXAMPLE E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 11
ACC SAFETY & COMFORT CRITERIA APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS Vehicle under test = EGO vehicle lower speed vehicle A typical situation on highways approaching low speed vehicles E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 12
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS 120kph Criterion 1: First reaction CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT 80 kph 1. First Reaction 7.2 - target distance to lead deceleration EGO time E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 13
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS Criterion 2: 50% energy absorbed 120kph CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT 80 kph target distance to lead 2. First Reaction 7.2-50% Energy absorbed 7.4 8.5 deceleration EGO time E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 14
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS 120kph Criterion 3: deceleration trace CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT 80 kph target distance to lead 3. First Reaction 7.2-50% Energy absorbed Deceleration trace 7.4 8.5-6.5 deceleration EGO time E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 15
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS Criterion 4: minimum time to collision 120kph CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT TTC 80 kph target distance to lead First Reaction 7.2-50% Energy absorbed Deceleration trace 7.4 8.5-6.5 deceleration EGO time 4. Min. TTC 8.2 - E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 16
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS 120kph Criterion 5: minimum distance CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT 80 kph target distance to lead First Reaction 7.2-50% Energy absorbed Deceleration trace 7.4 8.5-6.5 deceleration EGO time Min. TTC 8.2-5. Min. distance 8.5 7.8 E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 17
[kph] [m] [m/s²] SAFETY & COMFORT ASPECTS APPROACHING NEW OBJECTS 120kph Total event rating 7.5 CRITERIA SAFETY COMFORT 80 kph target distance to lead First Reaction 7.2-50% Energy absorbed Deceleration trace 7.4 8.5-6.5 deceleration EGO time Min. TTC 8.2 - Min. distance 8.5 7.8 E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 18
DYNAMICALLY WEIGHTINGS CONTINUOUSLY DURING DRIVING Longitudinal Control Follow at constant speed, follow deceleration, approaching slower lead vehicle in front, e.g. speed assist Total long.ctrl. DR=7.25 Lateral Control Lane keeping, lane usage, distance to lane boarders, e.g. lane assist Lane Change Maneuvers Lateral acceleration level, duration of lane change, uniformity, e.g. lane change assist other events Total lat.ctrl. DR=8.15 other events Total lane change DR=8.54 w e i g h t e d TOTAL rating DR=7.92 Dynamically weighted assessment of every sub-criteria provide representative overall ratings E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 19
APPLICATION EXAMPLES E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 20
ASSESSMENT OF DRIVER FEELING IN-VEHICLE AND SIMULATED ENVIRONMENTS lab road Fully automated assessment plus powerful simulation as enabler for virtual validation & verification of simulation on road E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 21
SAFE & REPRODUCIBLE ADAS TESTING ON DRIVER SIMULATOR MOVIE Traffic scenarios e.g. critical near crash situations with passengers or heavy traffic Parameter/vehicle config changes e.g. speed, accelerations, payload, distances, sensor & vehicle configurations HMI, human & machine take over maneuver 6 DOF TESTING ON HEXAPOD E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 22
AVL-DRIVE RATING FURTHER DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS WITH OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGY 10 HISTORY ADAS RATINGS IN COMPARISON 9 8 Adaptive Cruise Control Systems (ACC) Best ACC S500 Hybrid Best LKA Tesla S85 Targets Setting 7 acceptance level Competitors comparison Calibration targets 6 5 Calibration Targets Lane Keep Assist Systems (LKA) 4 2006 2008 2009 2010 2012 2013 2014 2016 2017 Objective deep dive comparison of ADAS in competitor vehicles E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 23
FURTHER DEVELOPMENT APPLICATIONS WITH OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT TECHNOLOGY Targets Setting Competitors comparison Calibration targets Function & Controls Embedded trajectories definitions Testing of functions in lab Calibration/ Application Optimization of comfort & perceived safety Issues resolution Quality Gates targets fulfillment status Identification of quality gaps Vehicle Testing Testing & validation end consumer acceptance Region specific evaluation e.g US, CN, EU Release testing aftersales Verification of end customer acceptance Quality fulfilment & development efficiency through consistency from target setting to validation of safety & comfort feeling E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 24
SUMMARY Perceived safety & comfort are most important criteria during assisted / automated driving Complex human feeling can be reproducible measured & described by parameter and criteria Fully automated operation enables virtual validation & high performance testing AVL technology allows therefore much faster fulfillment of end user relevant comfort & safety Enabler technology for best in class assisted driving quality Contact: erich.ramschak@avl.com E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 25
AVL BOOTH WITH VIRTUAL TEST RIDE Experience this technology in Virtual Reality BOOTH (#3) E. Ramschak et al ConCarExpo 6.July 2017 26