1910.269: Electric Power Generation, Transmission, and Distribution Region IV - OSHA
Scope This standard covers the operation and maintenance of electric power generation, control, transformation transmission, an distribution lines and equipment.
Construction VS Maintenance Construction: The erection of new electric lines and equipment. The alteration, conversion, and improvement of existing lines and equipment.
1910.269(a)(2): Training All employees: Safety practices of 1910.269 Emergency procedures Other necessary safety practices
Training in Emergency Procedures
1910.269(a)(2): Training Qualified employees: Ability to distinguish live parts Ability to determine voltage Knowledge of minimum approach distances Ability to use protective equipment
1910.269(a)(2): Training Regular supervision and annual inspection to determine compliance Follow-up training and retraining: New work procedures Tasks performed infrequently Certification
1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training Performing work on or associated with: Exposed lines, or Equipment energized at 50 volts or more
1910.269(b)(1): CPR & First Aid Training Field work - crews of two or more employees: Two trained persons, or All new hires trained within 3 months Fixed work locations: Trained person available within 4 minutes, or All employees are trained
1910.269(b)(2): First Aid Supplies First aid supplies in a weatherproof container on a service truck.
1910.269(c): Job Briefing Subjects: Hazards and personal protective equipment Work procedures and special precautions Energy source control
Job Briefing
1910.269(c): Job Briefing Number of briefings: Before start of each day or shift Additional job briefings if significant changes occur Based on nature and complexity of work Job planning for one-person crews
1910.269(d): Hazardous Energy Control Procedures Deenergize and lock or tag Additional protective measures for tags Protection equivalent to locks
1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only Demonstrate full employee protection Safety equivalent to lockout
Application of Lockout Tags rather than locks are commonly used in electric utilities
1910.269(d)(2)(ii)(B): Use of Tagout System Only Examples of demonstration of employee protection: Removal of a fuse Removal of an isolating circuit element Blocking mechanism on switch Opening of additional switches on main circuit, on control circuit
1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces Entered under normal operating conditions: Manholes, Vaults Applies to routine entry in lieu of 1910.146(d) to (k) 1910.269(e) & (t) apply to entry only
1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces 1910.146(c) still applies: Identify permit spaces Keep unqualified persons out Coordinate with contractors If hazardous conditions develop, use 1910.146
1910.269(e): Enclosed Spaces Enclosed Spaces (Specific) Training: Entrants, attendants Rescue equipment provided Evaluate hazards: Use of attendants Test, ventilate, monitor
Manhole Atmospheric Testing prior to Entry
Manhole Vault with Protective Barrier
Rescue training Vault Entry
Vault Entry Rescue Equipment
Testing Equipment
1910.269(g): Personal Protective Equipment Follow Part 1910, Subpart I: Eye and face Respiratory Head, foot Electrical protective devices
Lineman with Protective Gear
Supplied Air Respirator
Air-Purifying Respirator Negative-pressure fit check
Air-Purifying Respirator Positive-pressure fit check
1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection When required: Heights greater than 4 feet Poles, towers, and similar structures
Pole Climbing
Body Belt
Pole Climbing Strap
Tower Climbing Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment
Tower Climbing Tower Climbing with proper person protective equipment
1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection Not required by qualified employee: Climbing Changing location Must be free from unsafe conditions: Ice, high winds, contamination on structure Must have hands free for climbing
1910.269(g)(2): Fall Protection Does not address working on: Portions of buildings Electric equipment (transformers, capacitors) Aerial lifts
1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps Part 1910, Subpart D applies Special ladders and platforms: Exempt from pitch & footing requirements Must be secured in position May not be overloaded
Special Ladder Special ladder secured in position
1910.269(h): Ladders, Platforms, Step Bolts, & Manhole Steps Special ladders and platforms Cont d: Must be designed for use Must have a safety factor of at least 2.5 times the maximum Intended load
1910.269(i): Hand and Portable Power Tools Cord - and plug connected equipment: Part 1910, Subpart S applies Grounded, double - insulated, or connected through an isolated transformer with an ungrounded secondary Portable and vehicle - mounted generators Hydraulic and pneumatic tools
1910.269(j): Live - Line Tools Design: 100 kv/ft for fiberglass reinforced plastic (FRP) 75 kv/ft for wood Condition of tools: Daily inspection before use; inspection every two years Tests after repair and after inspection for hollow FRP and wood tools
Live Line Tools
Live Line Tools
1910.269(k): Materials Handling and Storage Part 1910, Subpart N applies Storage in areas restricted to qualified persons: Materials must be outside working space See 1910.269(u)(1) and (v)(3) Storage in unrestricted areas: Materials must be 10 ft away Add 4 inches for every kv over 50 kv
1910.269(l)(1): Qualified employees only At least two persons for: Work with exposure at more than 600 V Work with equivalent hazards Two persons not required for: Live - line tool work Routine switching Emergency repairs
1910.269(l)(2): Minimum Approach Distances Minimum approach distances (Tables R-6 through R-10) Exceptions: Insulate the employee Insulate the live part Employee is insulated from other exposed conductive object, As during live-line bare-hand work
Safety Equipment Inspection
Installation of Rubber Blankets
1910.269(l)(6): Apparel Conductive Clothing: Prohibited unless no increased hazard of electrical contact Flammable Clothing: Train employees in hazards Clothing may not increase extent of possible injury
100% Cotton Shirt
100% Cotton Shirt
Synthetic Shirt
Clothing Issue What method are you using to protect employees from electric arcs and flames? Flame Retardant. Treated. 100% Cotton. Appropriate weight. Documentation.
Denim Jeans
100% Cotton Sock
Flame Resistant Shirt
1910.269(m): Deenergizing Lines and Equipment for Employee Protection
Employee Protection Applies to transmission and distribution System operator controls switching - central control No central control - use employee in charge Request clearance of system from operator
Employee Protection Deenergize line: Open disconnecting means Tag disconnecting means Test for deenergized conditions Install protective grounds
Employee Protection Work on line Release clearance: Notify employees Clear employees Remove protective grounds Report to the system operator
Employee Protection Reenergize Line: Remove tags Close disconnecting means
1910.269(n): Grounding for the Protection of Employees Ground deenergized lines, unless No possibility of contact with other source hazard of induced voltage is not present Equipotential zone Test before applying grounds
Grounds
Grounds
Grounding of Lines
Checking Ground Wire
Ground Installation Proper order of connection and removal: Install ground end first Remove line or equipment end first
1910.269(o): Testing and Test Facilities Applies to high-power and highvoltage testing rather than routine line work Establish safe practices Guard test areas Grounding to be established and implemented Safety checks required
1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment Mechanical considerations: Inspection Provisions for backing up Roll-over protective structures Outriggers Load ratings
Bucket Truck
Digger Derrick Truck
Bucket Truck Bucket truck with outriggers fully extended
1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment Operations near energized lines (equipment) Maintain minimum approach distance: Insulated portion of aerial lift is exempt Designated observer if necessary
Warning Label on Bucket Truck
Lineman in Bucket
1910.269(p): Mechanical Equipment Additional precautions: Insulate the lines, or Insulate the mechanical equipment, or Protect employees from hazardous differences in potential
Insulating Lines
Insulating Lines
Protecting Employee form Differences in potential
Protecting Employee form Differences in potential
1910.269(q): Overhead Lines Poles, towers safe for climbing (Test methods for poles in Appendix D) Installing and removing lines: Mechanical considerations Electrical considerations Live-line bare-hand work; training required Tower and structure work
1910.269(r): Line - Clearance Tree Trimming Operations
1910.269(r)(1): Electrical Not applicable to qualified employees Always maintain minimum approach distance Work may not be performed in adverse weather conditions Special training required for work in the aftermath of a storm
Tree Limb Lodged Between Two Energized Lines
Mechanical Equipment Requirements for: Brush chippers Sprayers Stump cutters Power saws
1910.269(r)(8): Fall Protection Each employee shall be tied in with a climbing rope and safety saddle when the employee is working aloft in a tree.
1910.269(s): Communication Facilities Microwave Transmission: See 1910.97 Radiation protection guide Power Line Carrier
1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations Access (ladder etc.) required for depth >4 ft. Attendants for manholes: First aid and CPR training. Employee on the surface may enter briefly to assist; other than emergency. No attendant for housekeeping, taking readings, etc.
Access ladder for Underground Electrical Installation (Vault)
First Aid Training Inside a Vault
1910.269(t): Underground Electrical Installations Defective cables: Deenergize, if possible Use shield to contain fault
1910.269(u): Substations Access and working space: NESC guidelines Guarding of live parts: NESC guidelines, or Subpart S (NEC) requirements Keep draw-out-type circuit breakers in open position when removing or inserting Grounding of conductive fences
Substation Overview
Detailed View of Transformers
Insulators & Connectors
1910.269(v): Power Generation Access and working space: NESC guidelines Guarding of live parts: NESC guidelines, or Subpart S (NEC) requirements Changing generator brushes: Check for ground condition
1910.269(v): Power Generation Chemical cleaning of boilers - restrict access, post signs Chlorine systems Coal and ash handling: MSHA jurisdiction Railroad Conveyors Storage areas
1910.269(w): Special Conditions Capacitors Illumination to enable performing safe work Protection against drowning (U.S. Coast Guard approved floating devices) Employee protection in public work areas: Traffic control Barricades
Traffic Control
Warning Sign