GL GH Offshore Wind Measurements Akademia OFFSHORE PTMEW Gdansk 2012-12-12 Detlef Stein
1. GL Garrad Hassan in a nut shell 2. FINO platforms: wind measurements / O&M 3. Offshore wind sensing: Met Tower & LiDAR 4. Final Remarks GLGH / Wilhelm Heckmann
Experts in Renewable Energy Onshore & Offshore Wind Wave & Tidal Solar PV & CSP
GL Garrad Hassan is the largest global dedicated renewables consultancy 950+ staff, in 42 locations, across 24 countries Over 100 offshore staff worldwide
Overview of Offshore Wind Practice Leveraging Offshore Experience Across the GL Group GL Group 6.900 Employees in 80 Countries 767 million turnover (2011) GL Noble Denton Oil & Gas Project management & marine warranty survey Germanischer Lloyd Maritime Services Vessel support GL Garrad Hassan Renewable energy Technical consultancy related to resource, technology & project GL Renewables Certification Independent third-party review of design, fabrication, manufacturing & installation OFFSHORE WIND PRACTICE
Providing Lifecycle Support to All Stakeholders Project Developers Owner/Operators Investors Manufacturers Governments/NGOs
Experience matters Energy assessment analyzing 20,000 MW of new projects per year 25% of all projects worldwide 70% of UK installed capacity 75% of Irish installed capacity Operational assessment 15% of the world s installed capacity Due diligence over 25% of the world s project financed wind farms world s largest wind farm portfolio acquisition world s first wind energy bond deal Independent engineer 45% of US wind farms the world s five largest wind farm financings the first project financed offshore wind farm Short-term forecasting over 20% of the world s operational wind capacity Measurements wind sensing by met. tower measurements: boom layout, system design, O&M, refit wind remote sensing LiDAR / SoDAR power curve measurements on 500+ turbines load measurements on 100+ turbines founding member of MEASNET first ever load measurements on offshore wind farm Products/ software solutions industry standard wind turbine design software - Bladed Bladed used to design world s largest turbine World s largest independent SCADA supplier 6,000 MW Offshore Wind Project Management Project management of world s largest offshore wind farm Thanet current PM Borkum West 2,
Support Across the Offshore Wind Project Lifecycle
Key offshore wind skills and expertise Due diligence for banks & investors Commercial analysis / market strategy Transportation & installation management Turbine technology Structures and foundations Geotechnical engineering Power transmission & control / communications cables High voltage electrical system design / grid connection Health & safety Project management Client representation offshore and onshore Marine warranty services for insurance underwriters Marine engineering, Met-Ocean services Offshore in-situ wind measurements Met Towers, RS LiDAR Wind yield analysis, EPAs
1. GL Garrad Hassan in a nut shell 2. FINO platforms: wind measurements / O&M 3. Offshore wind sensing: Met Tower & LiDAR 4. Final Remarks GLGH / Wilhelm Heckmann
FINO Platforms in the North Sea and Baltic Sea Baltic Sea BARD 11 140 km North Sea Baltic 1 Baltic 2, 13 Alpha Ventus 10 Platforms built 2003 2009 2007 Wind farms realized 2010/11 2012 2013
FINO 1 2 3: Facts, Specs & GL GH Involvements FINO1: Scoping, technical design, tendering, construction since 2001, installation & commissioning 2003, O&M since 2003 to 2011 FINO2: O&M since 2010 FINO3: wind meas. since 2009: design, engineering, installation of meteorological meas. system, O&M, data collection / processing ID / Location Mast shape Height Depth to coast Foundation Platform size Heli FINO 1 North Sea Square 101 m 28 m 45 km Jacket 16 x 16 m yes FINO 2 Baltic Sea Square 101 m 24 m 31 km Monopile 12 x 12 m no FINO 3 North Sea Triangular 106 m (120 m) 23 m 80 km Monopile 13 x 13 m yes
Operation and Maintenance of FINO 1 and FINO 2 Main Objectives Secure un-manned operation Guarantee seamless energy supply and function of platform equipment Coordination and guidance of research personal on platform for measurement services (by boat & helicopter) Operate all technical facilities Coordination and performance of maintenance and repairs HSE requirements, safety drills etc. Periodic inspections
Storm Sören, 04 October 2009 Hs = 6,40 m Hmax = 10,24 m wave periode 11,8 s wave length of about 200 m wave direction 320
Extreme Wave Heights Storm Britta on 1 st Nov 2006 Hs = 9,77 m (by wave buoy) Hmax = ~16 m (derived) close to 50 year design wave some damage to platform 20 m FINO 1 +20 m C.D. Lower platform +15 m C.D. Photo: GL 10 m 0 m Hmax ~16 m C.D. = LAT Hs = 9.77m similar event a year later design wave reached in two successive years review of wave climate prediction needed
1. GL Garrad Hassan in a nut shell 2. FINO platforms: wind measurements / O&M 3. Offshore wind sensing: classical met. tower 4. Final Remarks GLGH / Wilhelm Heckmann
Offshore Met Masts GL Garrad Hassan provides extensive met mast services. This service includes complete project management for procurement, installation and operations as well as technical measurements and design. GLGH has performed wind measurements offshore using cup anemometry and LIDAR technology. Example reference projects include: FINO 1: Project Management along the complete project life cycle FINO 2: Project Management of the met. mast and research FINO 3: Consultancy for measurement strategy and performance of wind measurements Naikun Project (Canada): Performance of LIDAR measurements Irish Sea (U.K.): Design of offshore meas. system, procurement of met. mast, NAVAIDS and Power supply
Offshore Properties of Interest Recommended to be recorded wind speed, wind shear, wind speed profile, wind direction classical (mast cups) OR Remotes Sensing turbulence intensity, from wind speed standard deviations wind direction air density by air temperature, pressure, relative humidity atmospheric stability: to distinguish stable, unstable and neutral conditions impact on vertical wind speed profile precipitation site wave conditions wave radar OR wave buoy Further Met-Ocean properties useful visibility, lightning frequency and severity sea surface temperature and maybe ice built up
(a) 330 wind boom orientations 150 (b) Met Tower Measurement System Layout 90 Lightning Rod WS Cup Air.Pres.1 Temp.1, Humid.1 dtemp-up Met.1 WS/WD Sonic WD Vane 85 Temp. / Humidity 60 Rain 55 Solar Radiation N ( B ) 345 Messhöhe -1,75m W E S 30 (a) 330 mast shape boom orientations cabinet & ladder locations Seite A Messmast Temp.2, Humid.2 dtemp-low Seite C Met.2 ( A ) 225 Messhöhe -1,50m ( C ) 105 Messhöhe -2,0m Container D LiDAR 20 m Deck Level (c) 210 short boom 150 (b)
FINO 1 vs. FINO 3 Different Mast and Boom Layout significant mast effects on cups observed on FINO1 one lesson learned: switch from square to triangular mast shape FINO 1: Square Base Prevailing Wind DirectionSW FINO 3: Triangular Base
Offshore Met Tower Costs bulk costs are in the construction and installation components (Note: instrument costs based on a standard cup/vane arrangement with no ancillary equipment such as Oceanographic or LiDAR) values are indicative only range of prices quoted 4,000,000 to 12,000,000 mmm main issue is scarcity of vessels, and water depth. m costs are not trivial for offshore masts m issue becomes starker when thinking in terms of GW developments where multiple met masts are required. to fully describe the site 2-4 installations would be required future solution: combination of masts, floating LiDAR and meso.scale modeling
1. GL Garrad Hassan in a nut shell 2. FINO platforms: wind measurements / O&M 3. Offshore wind sensing: LiDAR 4. Final Remarks GLGH / Wilhelm Heckmann
Remote Sensing Principle LiDAR: volumetric probing of the wind...... opposed to point measurements with cups!
NORSEWInD WP1.1 In-Situ Remote Sensing Demonstrate an integrated approach by in-situ measurements in general and more specifically by remote sensing (LiDAR) techniques. Develop a robust LiDAR validation (calibration) scheme to increase confidence in this promising wind sensing technique. Develop procedures to install and operate stand-alone LiDARs offshore NORSEWInD RS approach Pre-deployment validation onshore Data collection and operational performance validation at sea Post-deployment validation onshore
NORSEWInD Remote Sensing LiDAR Spots Figure 4: Typical gas rig in the North Sea, carrying a Windcube LiDAR at the marked position. Device is installed 30m above sea level (LAT). Lowest meas. level is 70m LAT. Cyano colored box denotes position of LiDAR (source TAQA) LiDAR
Wind LiDAR Campaign on FINO3 Objectives: data collection for NORSEWInD data bank use in North Sea wind mapping wind profiles above top height of 100m up to 160m atmospheric stability studies evaluation of wake effects / flow distortion comparisons to wind tunnel and CFD modelling 160 m 130 m 100 m LiDAR
DONG Offshore LiDAR Bankability Study on FINO2 Objectives assessment of LIDAR performance reliability, availability uncertainties suitability of LiDAR data for formal energy yield related reporting bankabiltiy Tasks independent review of campaign, results uncertainty scheme installation, operation since July 2012 data collection and provision for two LiDARs (Windcube v2/v1)
Windcube Setup on FINO 2 Platform Beam angle obstacle/boom avoidance
Windcube Setup on FINO2 Container
Stand Alone Offshore Wind LiDARs Gas rig in North Sea carrying a Windcube v1 LiDAR, installed at 30m, 10 meas levels betw. 70m and 250 m NORSEWInD (photo TAQA) Naikun: 30m mast with crows nest Hecate Strait offshore BC Canada ZephIR CW LiDAR, resource assessment (photo Naikkun)
Floating LiDAR some Prototypes SeaZaphIR (Natural Power Consultants ZephIR 300) Stable spar buoy without algorithmic correction Preliminary test in Norwegian waters (Nov. 2009): 6 km from fixed mast, moored about 800 m from land lidar AXYS WindSentinel (BlueScout s OWS-150) Algorithmic correction Preliminary tests: i) BC coastal waters (Dec. 2009), moored 750 m from Race Rocks island lidar; ii) Muskegon Lake, MI (Oct. 2011), moored 400 m from onshore met mast. 3E s FLIDAR (Leosphere s WINDCUBE v2) Mechanical stability & algorithmic correction Preliminary tests off Belgian coast (Sep. 2011), Moored 1 km from offshore platform lidar Fugro s SEAWATCH (NPC s ZephIR 300) Algorithmic correction in progress? Preliminary test in Norwegian waters (March 2012), moored 3 km from land met mast and lidar
Floating LiDAR Roadmap to Building Confidence
Floating Lidar Case Study ~ 750 m
1. GL Garrad Hassan in a nut shell 2. FINO platforms: wind measurements / O&M 3. Offshore wind sensing: Met Tower & LiDAR 4. Final Remarks GLGH / Wilhelm Heckmann
Final Remarks Classical Met. Tower still state-of-the-art, but fairly expensive esp. in deeper waters Ground based LiDAR proven technology GL GH provides position statements on e.g. suitability series types for formal EPA - in combination with met. towers - stand alone on fixed platforms Floating LiDAR still pre-mature, very promising outlook best practice advise by GL GH GL GH provides support in - design of offshore meas. campaigns - development of procedure to optimize confidence in measured data traceable uncertainties suitability for formal reporting (called bankability)
Training by GL GH Offshore Wind Energy Training Course Warsaw, 2013-01-23
Thank you! Detlef Stein Deputy Head of Offshore Department GL GH Hamburg, Germany detlef.stein@gl-group.com +49 40 36 149 8693 http://www.gl-garradhassan.com