April 29, 1924. 1,492,391 a. H. S. McQUAD ET AL PRCESS AND APPARATUS FR HANDLING CHLRINE Filed Sept. 14, 1923 2-4 19 Fig.2. % 2% 41 N N 3. S E.S. ASE SN SŠ & Si EN gx N.Y. S2 38 A invenor. Howard S.M. Quaid Roy C. Mitche byáeza/ nack4, y.
l 35 40 50 Patented Apr. 29, 1924. UNITED STATES 1492,39) PATENT FFICE. HWARD S. McQUAID, F EDGEWD, MARYLAND, AND Roy C. MITCHELL, F EAST WoDBURY, NEW TERSEY. PRCESS AND APPARATUS FR, HANDLING CHLRINE. Application filed September 14, 1923. Serial No. 662,758. To all whom it may concern: Beit known that we, How ARD S. McQUAID concentrated acid which ubtance may be employed with perfect afety and will ef and Roy C. MITCHELL, both citizen of the fectively protect the part of the apparatu United State, and reident of Edgewood, from the action of the. The ub county of Harford, State of Maryland, and Eat Woodbury, county of Glouceter, State tance doe not become gummy even though it remain indefinitely in contact with the of New Jerey, repectively, have invented and will not react with the ga to tu 2. for EFE, Handling Chlorine, in Procee of which and Appara be handled o a to caue deterioration either the fol lowing decription, in connection with the of the ga or the ubtance. The ubtance accompanying drawing, i a pecification, i non-hydrocopic, non-drying, non-corro like character on the drawing repreenting ive to metal and non-reacting to like part. and in all repect i an ideal ubtance to Thi invention relate to a proce and ap ue a a lubricant and protecting element in paratu for handing ga and par all type of apparatu ued in handling. ticularly to a proce and apparatu for compreing ga. ther object and feature of the inven tion will more fully appear from the fol It i well known that i an ex lowing decription and accompanying draw tremely active element and heretofore great ing and will be particularly pointed out in trouble ha been encountered in compreing the claim. and otherwie handling the element. Trouble The drawing illutrate preferred form ha been particularly encountered at the valve through which the pae and of contruction of apparatu for handling the operating part of the compreor which ga in which the proce may be carried out and embody the broad principle are ubject to contact with the. The of the invention. valve and machine part become pitted and In the drawing: are eaten away or otherwie deteriorate Fig. 1 i an apparatu uing a reeiprocat quite rapidly due to the action of the chlo ing liquid plunger: le. - It i cutomary in pump for compreing Fig. 2 i an apparatu uing a liquid plunger formed by a falling column of liq to ue either fih oil or concentrated uid: - ulphuric acid a a lubricant and protective Fig. 3 i an apparatu employing a recip liquid for the purpoe of protecting the rocating liquid plunger operating in a plu part of the pump from the deteriorating rality of chamber. action of the. The fih oil i un Three type of apparatu for compreing atifactory becaue, while it protect to a are illutrated herein and will now large extent the part of the compreor, the be decribed. oil itelf oon become gummy by contact The type illutrated in Fig. 1 i particu with the and loe it lubricating larly ueful in compreing ga to propertie. Thi reult in the neceity of uch a degree that it may be liquefied. The changing the oil frequently with the cone apparatu comprie a compreion chamber quent diadvantage of lot ue of the com 1 in which may be compreed by preor and expene incident thereto. mean of a liquid plunger 2, the chamber Concentrated ulphuric acid ha proven having a inlet pipe 3 and an outlet unatifactory becaue the acid i extreme 4 for the compreed ga. The compreion ly hydrocopic and extremely corroive chamber 1 communicate with a liquid reer when it become aturated with. voir 5 by mean of a U-tube 6. The liquid The reult of thi i that the equip i moved from the reervoir 5 to the com ment i quickly damaged and mut be re preion chamber 1 by mean of a piton 7 paired which i unpleaant and dangerou operated in any uitable manner a by a due to the preence of the concentrated acid. driving wheel 8 connected to the piton by It i an object of the preent invention to mean of a connecting rod 9. When the dicloe a proce for handling and part are in the poition hown in Fig. 1 an apparatu for carrying out the proce the piton i near the end of it downward uing a ubtance in place of the fih oil or troke and during the firt part of the 60 36 5 00 05
2 1492,391 downward troke the body of ga in the liquid below the plug 13 to completely the compreion chamber 1 i under preure fill the chamber 1 when the piton move and i being forced into a ga reervoir 10 downwardly and the exce liquid pae which hold the compreed ga after it with the ga through the outlet 4 back into leave the compreion chamber. The com the reervoir 10. Y preion chamber 1 communicate by mean To determine the height of the liquid in of the outlet 4 with ga reervoir 10. The the reervoir a gla ight tube 17 i placed outlet 4 i cloed by a valve 11 of uch a type beide the reervoir 10 and communicate that it prevent the paage of ga from the therewith by mean of pipe 18 and 19 in ga reervoir 10 into the compreion chain the uual manner. In order to aborb the ber 1 but permit the paage of ga in the heat of compreion the compreion cham : revere direction. The end of the inlet pa ber i urrounded by a water jacket age 3 i cloed by mean of a yalve 12 which through which pae cooling water. A permit the ga which i to be com draw-off pipe 21 communicating with the l, preed to enter the compreion chamber reervoir 10 permit the compreed but prevent the flow of ga from the com to be drawn off into container or liquefac preion chamber back into the inlet pipe. tion apparatu. A plug 13 i placed in the apparatu a It i readily een from the apparatu hown and erve to eparate the compre hown in Fig.1 and the decription thereof 0. ion chamber from the reervoir 10. A that the liquid 2 i the element of the ap mall opening 14 extend entirely through paratu which i alway in contact with the thi plug communicating at one end with the ga and aid liquid act a a plunger op compreion chamber and at the other end erating within the chamber, having the liq with the ga reervoir to permit a mall flow uid a the urface in contact with the chlo of the liquid from the reervoir 10 into the rine ga. The liquid alo act a a liquid pace below the plug in order that there may eal, a valve packing and a lubricant for alway be enough liquid below the plug to the valve 11 and 12 and the plunger 7. fill the compreion chamber and force all Thi liquid i an element having uch prop of the from the compreion cham ertie that it will not react with the ber into the reervoir when the piton i ga to be compreed o a to caue de at the bottom of it troke. The opening terioration either of the ga or the element. may be retricted a deired or entirely cloed The liquid alo ha uch propertie that it by mean of a crew 15. doe not react with the part of the appa The operation of the apparatu i ex ratu and a readily undertood from the 35 tremely imple. Upon the retraction of the drawing and the above decription the liq piton 7 to the top 16 of the cylinder in uid coat all part of the apparatu. Thu which it operate the liquid 2 i ucked the apparatu ha a the urface in contact from the chamber 1 through the tube 6 and with the an element having uch follow the piton until it fill the cylinder propertie that it will not react with the 40 thu cauing the withdrawal of the liquid part of the apparatu or the ga plunger from the compreion chamber. o a to caue deterioration either of the Thi caue a reduced preure within the ga or the element and will protect the ap compreion chamber 1 and ga i paratu from the action of the ucked from the inlet pipe 3 into the cham while erving a a lubricant in the appa ber. The paage of ga from the reervoir ratu. 10 to the chamber 1 i prevented by mean The apparatu hown in Fig.2 may be of a valve 11. When the piton 7 move termed a falling column of liquid compre downwardly, the liquid plunger rie in the ion apparatu. The apparatu comprie chamber 1 compreing the ga and forcing a compreion chamber 22 having an inlet 50 it into the reervoir 10. 8 opening 23 and an outlet opening 24. The In order to inure that there i alway inert liquid enter the compreion chamber ufficient liquid within the apparatu to through a header 25. The header com completely fill the compreion chamber 1 prie an upper plate 26 and a lower plate and expel all of the ga therefrom 27 provided with a plurality of mall tube 55 when the piton 7 i at the bottom of it through which pae the liquid. The plate troke, enough liquid i ued in the pump 26 and 27 are paced apart with the upper not only to fill the chamber 1 and 5 and plate exactly over the tube of the lower the tube 6 but alo to partially fill the cham plate o that tream of liquid leaving the ber 10. The chamber 10, therefore, act a tube of the upper plate are forced through 60 a reervoir for the liquid and hould any the tube of the lower plate. Chlorine ga of the liquid leak from the chamber 5 or to be compreed i admitted by mean of tube 6 the liquid in the reervoir 10 flow a pipe 28 into the pace between the upper through the opening 14 into the chamber and lower plate where it i trapped and 1 when the preure in the chamber 1 i re pae with the liquid through the tube in duced. Thu there i alway ufficient of the lower plate into the compreion cham 0 85 C) 105 125 3.
2) 25 35 0. S 55 60 1492,391 ber 22. The liquid containing the bubble of ga fall through the chamber leg 43. It i to be noted that in thi type 22 into the reervoir 29 in which the liquid of apparatu a well a the type heretofore and ga eparate, the ga riing to the top decribed, liquid act a a protection for the of the chamber and the liquid forming a part of the apparatu and form a coating layer on the bottom thereof. A ga dome for the apparatu o that the urface in con i placed above the reervoir 29 and com tact with the i of liquid. The municate there with o that the ga may 0. pa into aid dome, from which it i led the liquid apparatu. alo erve to lubricate all part of off to container or liquefaction apparatu The liquid, which i the important ele by mean of a pipe 31. The liquid in the ment in all type of apparatu, i one which bottom of the reervoir 29 i removed there will not react with the to caue de from by mean of a pipe 32 and pae by terioration either of the ga or of the liquid. mean of a pipe 33 to the header in which The liquid i non-hydrocopic, non-drying, it again entrap thu repeating the and non-corroive to metal in addition to proce of compreing the ga. The liquid being non-reacting to. Since the i forced through the pipe 32 and 33 by liquid will not react with the it doe mean of a uitable pump 34. not contaminate the in any way or In the type of apparatu dicloed in Fig. give reaction product which will contami 2 and jut decribed, the falling column of nate the. Being non-corroive to liquid act a a plunger which compree metal the liquid doe not eat away the part the and it i readily een that dur of the apparatu in which it i ued and, ing the operation of the apparatu the liquid being non-drying no lo i occaioned by it i the urface which i alway in contact contant ue except uch mechanical lo a with the. i due to leakage from imperfect apparatu. In the type of apparatu illutrated in Since the liquid doe not react with the chlo Fig. 3 there are a plurality of compreion rine it doe not become gummy a doe fih chamber 35 which are formed by the vane oil, and, being non-hydrocopic, it doe not 36 rotatably mounted on the haft 37. Chlo have the diadvantage which are attendant rine ga to be compreed i admitted to the on the ue of concentrated ulphuric acid. compreion chamber: by mean of inlet The liquid i chlorinated petroleum di opening 38 and i expelled through outlet tillate or compound of component thereof. opening 39. The liquid i moved back and The mot atifactory liquid for ue in han forth in the chamber to compre the chlo dling i petroleum ether which ha rine ga by mean of an elliptical caing 40. been chlorinated to aturation at a tempera The chamber revolve in the direction of the ture of 212 F. It ha been found that thi arrow, and a they advance the elliptical chlorinated compound ha all the propertie caing permit centrifugal force to move of an oil a far a neceary to thoroughly liquid from the inner end to the outer end lubricate all moving part of the compre of aid chamber. The inlet, and outlet open ion apparatu and i very effective a a eal ing are o poitioned with regard to the for valve in the pipe line or other part contour of the caing that the liquid move of the apparatu in which the i toward the outer end of the chamber jut at compreed or otherwie handled. Although the time that the bottom of the chamber chlorinated petroleum ether ha been found come oppoite the inlet opening with the particularly deirable for ue in compreion reult that a the liquid move outwardly apparatu when running at normal tempera ga i ucked into the chamber to ture, it i deirable at time to ue a liquid fill the pace left by the outward movement which ha more body and which ditill at of the liquid. A the chamber continue to a higher temperature. For thi purpoe the revolve and due to the contour of the caing liquid may be a petroleum ditillate which adjacent the outlet opening the liquid i ditii at 09 F. Thi ditillate i then chlorinated and ued either alone or in a forced inwardly toward the bottom of the chamber and thu force the ga out mixture compriing any uitable amount of through the outlet opening. It i readily chlorinated petroleum ether or other petro leum ditillate. een that the liquid reciprocating within the chamber act a a plunger and that the ga The petroleum ditillate may be chlorin which pae from the outlet opening i afed in any uitable manner. It ha been under preure determined by the movement. found convenient to heat the ditillate to a of the plunger. A ga upply main temperature of 212 F. while paing chlo 41 communicate with the inlet opening in rine through the ditillate until it refue to order that ga may be upplied to take up any more. Whether the the pump, and an exhaut main 42 lead react chemically with the petro from the outlet opening to the container for leum ditillate during the aturation proc the compreed ga or liquefaction appa e i not known due to the inadequate meth ratu. The caing i upported on uitable od at preent ued for analyzing compli cated carbon compound. It ha been found 125 S 00 05 5
10 15 25 4. 1492,891 however, that if the petroleum ditillate i thoroughly aturated with at 212 F. the reulting element doe not react with in the compreion apparatu and it thoroughly protect the apparatu from the action of the ga. The element alo have very efficient lubricating proper tie which make it very deirable for ue in the compreion apparatu and i not dan gerou or unpleaant to work with hould the operator come in contact with the liquid. Although chlorinated petroleum ether ha been found to be the mot deirable element for ue in compreion apparatu it i de ired that the invention be contrued o a rivative being non-hydrocopic, non-drying, non-corroive to metal, and non-reacting to. - 9. An apparatu for compreing ga compriing ga compreing mean having a the urface in contact with the ga an oil having uch proper: tie that it will not react with the part of the apparatu or the ga o a to caue deterioration either of the ga or the oil, and will protect the apparatu from the action of the while erving a a lubricant in the apparatu. 10. An apparatu, for compreing chlo rine ga compriing ga compreing to include hydrocarbon which have been mean having a chlorinated compound of chlorinated. It i alo deired that the in petroleum ditillate a the urface in con vention be contrued a broadly a the limi tact tation in the claim, taken in conjunction 11. with An the apparatu for ga. compreing chlo with the prior art, may allow. rine ga having a chamber with gainlet and Having thu decribed the invention, what outlet opening, and a plunger operating i claimed a new and deired to be ecured within the chamber having a the urface by 1. Letter. The proce Patent i: in contact with the ga a chlorin of compreing ated component of petroleum ditillate. a which conit in applying compreive 12. An apparatu for compreing chlo orce to the ga through the medium of a rine ga having a chamber with ga inlet ydrocarbon derivative which i non-hydro and outlet opening, and a fluid plunger copic, non-drying non-corroive to metal of chlorinated petroleum ether operating and non-reactive to. within the chamber to compre the ga. 2. The proce of compreing 13. An apparatu for handling a which conit in applying compreive ga compriing ga controlling orce to the ga through the medium of a mean having a a urface in contact with chlorinated compound of petroleum ditill the a material including a petrole um ditillate aturated with. late. 3. The proce of compreing 14. An apparatu for handling a which conit in applying compreive ga compriing ga controlling orce to the ga through the medium of a mean including a chlorinated hydrocarbon material compriing a petroleum ditillate having uch propertie that it will not react with the part of the apparatu or the aturated with. - 4. The proce of compreing ga o a to caue deterioration E. which conit in applying compreive either of aid mean or aid ga. orce to the ga through the medium of a 15. An apparatu for handling ga compriing a ga controlling herinated component of petroleum ditill mean including a petroleum ditillate at ate. 5. The proce of compreing urated with and having uch prop a which conit in applying compreive ertie that it will not react with the part of orce to the g through the medium of the apparatu or the ga o a to a compound of petroleum ditillate which caue deterioration either of aid mean or ha been chlorinated to aturation at 212 F. aid ga. a 6. which The proce conit of in applying ERE compreive ga 16. compriing An apparatu, for handling ga controlling to the ga through the medium of mean including an oil having uch prop chlorinated 7. The proce petroleum of compreing ether, ertie that it will not react with the part of the apparatu or the ga o a g which conit in applying compreive to caue deterioration either of the ga or orce to the ga through the medium of the oil and will protect the apparatu from petroleum ether which ha been chlorinated the action of the while lubricating to aturation at 212 F. a Said apparatu. 8. The proce of compreing In tetimony whereof, we have igned our name to thi pecification. E. orce which to the conit ga by in moving applying againt compreive the ga HWARD S. McQUAID. RY C. MITCHELL. a fluid plunger which i a hydrocarbon de 75 80 85 100 105 10