ANATOMY OF BROWN COUNTY: A TRAFFIC SAFETY SUMMARY

ANATOMY OF BROWN COUNTY: A TRAFFIC SAFETY SUMMARY DID YOU KNOW An individual is killed or seriously injured in a crash in Brown County every 3 ½ days? 1

THE PLACE Section Summary Brown County is the center of a metropolitan area with a population of over 300,000 persons. Principal routes include USH 41, I-43, STH 172 east of I-41, STH 57, and STH 29 east of I-43 and west of STH 57. The county is in the top ten counties for VMT, miles of roads, miles of local roads, and number of registered vehicles. The county is in the bottom ten counties for miles of highway per VMT, miles of highway per capita, miles of state highways per VMT, miles of state highways per capita, miles of county highways per capita, and miles of local roads per capita. Brown County is among the top ten counties for urban population, urbanized area, percent of the county s population that is urban, and percent of the county s area that is urban. Urbanization Brown County is the center of the Green Bay metropolitan area, and it is adjacent to the Appleton metropolitan area and the Shawano and Manitowoc urban clusters. The county population is largely urban, with 85.51% of Brown County residents living in urban areas. 20.35% of the area of the county is urban. 1 The Oneida Nation of Wisconsin is also located in western Brown County and neighboring Outagamie County. Road Network The northern terminus of Interstate Highway 43 is in the village of Howard. I-43 carries traffic along the coast of Lake Michigan to Milwaukee via Manitowoc and Sheboygan. Within Brown County, it travels through Green Bay, Bellevue, and Denmark. I-41 begins at the same point as I-43, and heads south toward Appleton and Oshkosh via Green Bay, Ashwaubenon, and De Pere. United States Highway (USH) 41 is concurrent with I-41. North of Howard, USH 41 travels through Suamico on its way to Oconto and Marinette. USH 141 begins south of Bellevue at I-43 and runs north, carrying traffic to Iron Mountain, Michigan, via Bellevue, Green Bay, Howard, and Suamico. In Green Bay, USH 141 travels along Main Street, Dousman Street, N Broadway, Mather Street and Velp Avenue. USH 141 is concurrent with US 41 through Howard and Suamico. To the north of Green Bay, State Trunk Highway (STH) 57 is an expressway carrying traffic toward Sturgeon Bay. While in Green Bay, STH 57 runs along Monroe Avenue and University Avenue. To the south, STH 57 travels through Allouez and De Pere on its way to Chilton. STH 57 is concurrent with STH 32 entering the county from the south to De Pere, in which it diverges from STH 32. STH 32 travels north through Ashwaubenon, Green Bay, Howard, Hobart, and Pulaski. 1 United States Census Bureau. Percent urban and rural in 2010 by state and county. Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/ua/urban-rural-2010.html 2

To the west of I-41, STH 29 is an expressway that carries traffic west toward the Wausau, Eau Claire, and the Minneapolis-St. Paul areas. East of I-41, STH 29 travels through downtown Green Bay and then through Bellevue on its way to Kewaunee. STH 29 and STH 32 are co-signed west of I-41 through Howard the along the village boundary of Hobart. STH 172 is a freeway from I-43 in Bellevue to I-41 in Ashwaubenon. To the west of I-41, STH 172 travels by the Austin Straubel International Airport located in Hobart and Ashwaubenon. STH 54 travels through Hobart and Green Bay. To the west, it travels to Black Creek, New London, and Waupaca, and to the west it carries traffic toward Luxemburg and Algoma. STH 96 begins at I-43 in Denmark and travels west through Wrightstown toward Kaukauna. STH 160 begins at STH 32 in Pulaski and heads west toward STH 29. Miles of Roadway There are 2,335 miles of roadway in the county, including 185 (7.9%) miles of state roads, 361 (15.5%) miles of county roads, 1,784 (76.4%) miles of local roads, and five miles of another type. 2 Vehicle Registrations and Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT) In 2016, there were 96,325 autos, 15,007 cycles, 27,216 trailers, and 129,413 trucks registered in Brown County. 3 VMT in 2016 was 2,516,634,485. 4 2 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. County Maps. Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/pages/travel/road/hwymaps/county-maps/default.aspx 3 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. Facts and Figures 2016, Vehicles Registered by County. Accessed Nov. 6, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/documents/about-wisdot/newsroom/statistics/factsfig/vehregcounty.pdf 4 Wisconsin Department of Transportation. 2016 Vehicles Miles of Travel (VMT) by County. Accessed Nov. 6, 2017. http://wisconsindot.gov/documents/projects/data-plan/veh-miles/vmt2016-c.pdf 3

FIGURE 1: TRAFFIC VOLUME ON THE STATE TRUNK NETWORK BROWN COUNTY, WI Traffic Volume (Measured in Daily Vehicle-Miles Traveled) Miles 0 3.5 7 Map produced by Evan Moorman Bureau of Transportation Safety (BOTS) Data from the Wisconsin DOT w/basemaps from ESRI (2017) 0-10102 10103-20203 20204-30305 30306-40406 40407-50508 50509-60609 60610-70711 70712-80812

Inter-County Commuting Flows As seen below in Figure 2, the vast majority of workers who reside in Brown County also work in Brown County, and vice versa. FIGURE 2: COMMUTING FLOWS AMONG COUNTIES Workers who Reside in Brown County Work in: People who Work in Brown County Reside in: Brown County 112,914 Brown County 112,914 Outagamie County 4,334 Outagamie County 8,050 Kewaunee County 1,624 Oconto County 7,471 Winnebago County 1,205 Kewaunee County 3,271 Manitowoc County 1,156 Shawano County 2,771 Calumet County 609 Manitowoc County 1,858 Oconto County 518 Winnebago County 1,320 Shawano County 428 Calumet County 1,309 Door County 398 Marinette County 877 Marinette County 292 Door County 862 Sheboygan County 261 Waupaca County 311 Milwaukee County 175 Sheboygan County 257 Dane County 121 Milwaukee County 192 Marathon County 168 Dane County 105 Others 1,271 Others 3,014 5 5 United States Census Bureau. 2009-2013 5-Year American Community Survey Commuting Flows. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/timeseries/demo/commuting/commuting-flows.html Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. 5

Commuting Flows between Municipalities (Top 15) As seen below in Figure 3, the most common commuting flow between two different municipalities is from a residence in Green Bay to a place of work in Ashwaubenon. FIGURE 3: COMMUTING FLOWS BETWEEN MUNICIPALITIES (TOP 15) 6 Residence Place of Work Number Green Bay Ashwaubenon 8,077 Howard Green Bay 3,814 Bellevue Green Bay 3,533 De Pere Green Bay 3,219 Green Bay De Pere 3,145 Ashwaubenon Green Bay 2,772 Allouez Green Bay 2,719 Suamico Green Bay 2,381 Green Bay Howard 2,044 Green Bay Bellevue 2,043 De Pere Ashwaubenon 1,991 Howard Ashwaubenon 1,700 Ledgeview (Town) Green Bay 1,210 Green Bay Allouez 1,169 Hobart Green Bay 954 6 United States Census Bureau. 2009-2013 5-Year American Community Survey Commuting Flows. https://www.census.gov/data/tables/timeseries/demo/commuting/commuting-flows.html Accessed Oct. 5, 2017. 6

THE POPULATION The population of Brown County about 257,000 individuals is dispersed over almost 24 jurisdictions (the largest city in the county, the city of Green Bay, comprises about 40% of this total with a population of 105,000). FIGURE 4: POPULATION OF BROWN COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES (2016) Village of Wrightstown, 3,179 Village of Suamico, 12,588 City of De Pere, 24,893 City of Green Bay, 105,139 Village of Pulaski, 3,330 Village of Howard, 19,410 Town of Eaton, 1,591 Village of Hobart, 8,599 Village of Denmark, 2,210 Village of Bellevue, 15,524 Village of Ashwaubenon, 17,274 Village of Allouez, 13,896 Town of Wrightstown, 2,294 Town of Glenmore, 1,139 Town of Green Bay, 2,104 Town of Holland, Town 1,561 of Town of Lawrence, 5,037 Town of Ledgeview, 7,813 Town of Town of Morrison, 1,610 Scott, 3,738 Town of New Denmark, 1,571 Town of Rockland, 1,822 Town of Pittsfield, 2,731 With only a few exceptions, most jurisdictions in the county including the largest city of Green Bay are gaining population, with most places experiencing relative increases of between 2 and 10% (in the images, the measure of absolute population change merely shows the raw population changes between 2010 and 2016, while the measure of relative population change weights such absolute changes by the base population figures of 2010). 7 No clear geographical pattern emerges regarding population change, with growth spread fairly evenly through the county. 7 The highlighted jurisdiction in the image shows the two jurisdictions that are growing fastest and the two jurisdictions growing the slowest. 7

FIGURE 5 8 : POPULATION PYRAMIDS (BROWN COUNTY ABOVE AND STATE BELOW) Population Trends Between 2010 and 2016, the county s population increased slightly (by about 3.2%). Overall, the population of Brown County is somewhat younger than the state (the median age of the county is 36.8, while the comparable figure for the state is 39). In comparison to the state, the county is home to a somewhat higher percentage of children and teenagers and a lower percentage of elderly individuals. 8 United States Census Bureau. Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status. 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=acs_15_5yr_dp03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017. 8

FIGURE 6: ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE POPULATION CHANGES BROWN COUNTY MUNICIPALITIES (2010-2016) Village of Pulaski, 9 Village of Pulaski, 0.3% es t H ig h es t Town of G re e n Bay, 3.4 % ofscott,5.4% wn To Town of Wrightstown, 3.3% To w n o f Holland, 2.8% Town of Morrison, 0.7% Village of Denmark, 4.1% Produced by E. Moorman, Bureau of Transportation Safety and the Division of State Patrol, Data from ESRI and the US Census Bureau, 2016 Absolute Population Changes Lo w C Pe ity re of, 4 De.6 % ofscott,19 wn 3 o T To w n o f G r e e n B a y, 6 9 20 G To Town of New ockland len m w n o R f o f Denmark, 1.9%, n or e w, 0. 4% To Relative Population Changes es t 5 Village of Wrightstown, 18.8% To w n o f 1 9.2% Le d ge vi e w, Town of Eaton, 5.5% H ig h 0 Miles 10 Town of Lawrence, 17.6% es t La Town of Village of Denmark, 87 Morrison, 11 Villageof Ashwaubenon,1.8% CityofGreenBay,1% Town of Humboldt, 2.8% Village of Allouez, Vill a g e of -0.6%Bell evue, 6.5% % 5.1 Village of Bellevue, 954 To w n o f To w n of aton, 83 E Le d g e vit e w, 1,258 Town of New G ow le n o Denmark, 30 c o k R l n f a o mo f n wn r e o, 4 T Town of Wrightstown, 73 Town of Holland, 42 V H o w il la g e o f ar d, 11.6% Town of Humboldt, 37 88 d, Village of Wrightstown, 503 ay, 1,082 Village of Allouez, -79 T wr o wn en ce of, 7 53 City of De Pere, 1,093 City of Green B Village of Suamico, 10.9% Lo w Village of Ashwaubenon, 311 VillageofHo bart,2,41 7 Vi How lla ge of a rd, 2,011 Town of Pittsfield, 4.7% Vi l l a g e o f H o b a r t, 3 9.1 % Village of Town of Suamico, 1,242 Pittsfield, 123

The Economy Section Summary The unemployment rate in Brown County has been, on average, 0.5% lower than that of the state over the last decade. The county has a fairly typical distribution for types of occupations and types of industries. FIGURE 7: EMPLOYMENT BY OCCUPATION (BROWN ON TOP AND THE STATE BELOW) 9 17.1% Management, business, science, and arts 8.0% 33.4% Service Sales and office 24.6% 16.9% Natural resources, construction, and maintenance Production, transportation, and material moving 16.9% Management, business, science, and arts occupations Service occupations 8.5% 34.5% Sales and office occupations 23.1% 17.0% Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations Production, transportation, and material moving occupations 9 United States Census Bureau. Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status. 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=acs_15_5yr_dp03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017. 10

FIGURE 8: EMPLOYED POPULATION BY INDUSTRY (BROWN ON TOP AND STATE BELOW) Public administration Other services, except public administration Arts/recreation, accommodation, and food services Educational services, and health care and social assistance Professional, scientific, and management Finance and insurance, and real estate Information Transportation and warehousing, and utilities Retail trade Wholesale trade Manufacturing Construction Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 3.3% 4.1% 9.1% 7.6% 7.0% 1.6% 6.1% 3.2% 5.3% 1.8% 11.7% 18.3% 20.9% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Public administration Other services, except public administration Arts/recreation, accommodation, and food services Educational services, and health care and social assistance Professional, scientific, and management Finance and insurance, and real estate Information Transportation and warehousing, and utilities Retail trade Wholesale trade Manufacturing Construction Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting, and mining 3.5% 4.2% 8.7% 8.1% 6.1% 1.7% 4.3% 2.7% 5.3% 2.5% 11.3% 18.5% 23.3% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 10 10 United States Census Bureau. Selected Economic Characteristics DP03, Employment Status. 2012-2016 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=acs_15_5yr_dp03&src=pt Accessed November 6th, 2017. 11

FIGURE 9: UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, BROWN COUNTY AND WI, 2007-2016 11 10.0% 9.0% 8.0% 7.0% 6.0% 5.0% 4.0% 3.0% 2.0% 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Brown County 4.6% 4.6% 7.7% 7.9% 7.2% 6.6% 6.2% 4.9% 4.1% 3.7% Wisconsin 4.9% 4.9% 8.6% 8.7% 7.8% 7.0% 6.7% 5.4% 4.6% 4.1% 11 United States Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Local Area Unemployment Statistics. Labor Force Data by County, annual averages. https://www.bls.gov/lau/#tables Accessed Sept. 29, 2017. 12

ALCOHOL RISK FACTORS Section Summary Sixty-two percent of licensees have liquor for sale for consumption on site. Thirty-eight percent of licenses are in Green Bay, 11% are in Ashwaubenon, 10% are in De Pere, and 14% are in towns. FIGURE 10: ALCOHOL BEVERAGE LICENSES BY JURISDICTION, BROWN COUNTY 12 Allouez Ashwaubenon Bellevue De Pere Denmark Green Bay Hobart Howard Pulaski Suamico Wrightstown Towns Total (By Liq. License) AB or AC 1 12 3 9 22 2 5 3 57 AL or ALB 6 4 16 12 3 45 15 1 4 3 14 123 BB or CW 15 6 4 1 15 5 4 5 55 BL or BLB 13 38 17 39 6 162 4 28 8 12 4 67 398 Others 1 2 2 1 6 Total (By Municipality) 20 70 42 64 10 246 4 50 14 22 7 90 639 Establishments within a municipality but outside the county are not included in the table. CODE AB AC AL ALB BB BL BLB CW DESCRIPTION Beer for sale off site (convenience stores, grocery stores) Cider for sale off site (convenience stores, grocery stores) Liquor for sale off site (drug stores, wineries) Beer, wine, or liquor for sale off site Beer for sale on site or off site Liquor for sale on site (winery) Beer or liquor for sale on site (taverns, supper clubs) Wine for sale on site (restaurants) (usually in conjunction with BB) 13 12 Wisconsin Department of Revenue. Oct. 4, 2017. WI Liquor Licenses 2017-18. 13 Wisconsin Department of Revenue. Liquor License Report, Liquor License Codes. https://www.revenue.wi.gov/pages/onlineservices/liqlicrpt.aspx. Accessed Oct. 25, 2017. 13

FIGURE 10.2: ALCOHOL LICENSES IN BROWN COUNTY BY MUNICIPALITY Wrightstown 1% Towns 14% Allouez 3% Ashwaubenon 11% Suamico 3% Pulaski 2% Hobart 1% Howard 8% Green Bay 38% De Pere 10% Bellevue 7% Denmark 2% FIGURE 11: ALCOHOL BEVERAGE LICENSES BY TYPE, 2017-2018 (BROWN COUNTY ON THE LEFT, STATE ON THE RIGHT) Others 1% AB or AC 9% Others 1% AB or AC 7% AL or ALB 19% AL or ALB 18% BL or BLB 62% BB or CW 9% BL or BLB 63% BB or CW 11% 14

HEALTH INFRASTRUCTURE Injury-to-Death Ratios Injury-to-death ratios are computed by dividing the total number of crash injuries by the crash fatalities. Higher rates are positive in that fatalities comprise a smaller percentage of crash victims. In general, higher rates are found in the state s urbanized southeastern and south-central regions and the Fox Valley, where crashes are more likely to occur in more developed areas (and thus at slower speeds). In rural areas, the converse is true (highways and county roads predominate, with crashes occurring at higher average speeds). Generally, rural areas also suffer from a relative lack of proximate hospitals and emergency response services, which means that some crashes which would be survivable in urban areas correspond to fatalities in more rural areas. Figure 12 shows the injury-to-death ratios for Wisconsin counties. Between 2012 and 2017, Brown County reported an above-average (better) injury-to-death ratio than the state generally (102.1 vs. 73.1). Hospital and EMT Access As can be seen in Figure 13, Brown County is well-served by hospitals as it is the site of two level II trauma centers, a level III trauma center, and a level IV trauma center. Other hospitals surround the county s edges. 14 The closest level I trauma center is located about 100 miles to the south in Milwaukee. Brown County maintains 11 different emergency providers (listed below). These companies employ 655 emergency personnel. Consequently, the county is the site of 2.56 emergency response personnel per 1,000 residents. This is significantly lower than the state figure of 4.02 emergency response personnel per 1,000 residents. 14 The trauma capacities of hospitals are rated on a I-IV scale, with some remaining unrated; Level I hospitals have the greatest capacity. 15

FIGURE 12: INJURY TO FATALITY RATIOS FOR WISCONSIN COUNTIES (2012-2017) Burnett,24 Polk, 30.3 St.Croix, 43.7 Pierce, 21.8 Pepin, 71 D o u g l a s, 5 8. 3 Washburn, 40.4 Barron, 50.3 D u n n, 3 3. 7 Buffalo, 41 Bayfield, 24.3 S a w y e r, 3 3. 1 Rusk,87 Chippewa, 44.1 EauClaire, 98.3 Trempealeau, 41.7 La Crosse, 115.1 Vernon, 26.2 Crawford, 40.2 As h l a n d, 3 4. 8 Clark,27.9 I ro n, 15. 3 Taylor,35.6 Jackson, 45.8 Monroe, 55.5 Grant,40.4 Price,37.2 Richland, 29.3 Juneau,30.5 I o w a 4 3. 5 Oneida,40.2 Wood, 5 5.6, Adams,54.3 Sauk, 61.1 Lafayette, 43.8 Vilas,32.5 Lincoln, 35.3 M a r a t h o n, 5 4. 1 Portage, 71.1 Langlade, 33 Waushara, Marquette, 25.1 22.7 G reen Lake,53.5 Columbia, 35.5 Dane, 102.9 G reen, 45.7 R o c k, 8 0. 1 Menominee, Waupaca, 36.9 Forest,17.6 80 Florence, 29.4 Shawano,31.9 Outagamie, 103.2 Winnebago, 153.1 Fo nd d u L ac, 53.5 Dodge, 40.8 Jefferson, 56.4 Oconto,24.3 Wa lw orth, 3 9. 1 Marinette, 43.4 Calumet,68.5 Washington, 83.3 Br o wn, 102.1 Waukesha, 101 Racine, 123.6 K e w a un e e, 4 4.9 S h e b o y g a n 5 4. 3 O z a u k e e, 8 4. 4 D o o r, 6 9. 9 M a n i t o w o c, 6 1. 8 M i l w a u k e e, 1 4 7. 1 K en os ha, 9 9. 6, Esri, HERE, DeLorme, MapmyIndia, OpenStreetMap contributors, and the GIS user community Injury to Fatality Ratios 15.3-27.9 37.3-45.8 28.0-37.2 45.9-61.8 61.9-87.0 87.1-153.0 Miles 0 50 100 Prepared by Evan Moorman, 2017 Bureau of Transportation Safety, Division of State Patrol Data from WisTransPortal and ESRI

FIGURE 13: BROWN COUNTY FATALITIES AND SERIOUS INJURIES (2014-2017) WITH MAP OF HOSPITALS ter HSHS St Clare Memorial Hospital Level III Ministry Door County Medical Center Level IV St Mary's Hospital Level IV Bellin Bellin Memorial Memorial Hospital Hospital Level Level III St Vincent Hospital Level II Aurora Baycare Medical Center Level II Appleton Medical Center Level III r St Elizabeth Hospital Level III Holy Family Memorial Medical Center Level III Aurora Medical Center-Two Rivers Level III Number of Fatalities and Serious Injuries Lower Higher Trauma Center Levels Level I Level III Level II Level IV Unclassified

FIGURE 14: NUMBER OF EMT PERSONNEL/JURISDICTION 15 Primary address county name Brown Brown Brown Brown Service License Level Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) Emergency Medical Responder (EMR) Paramedic Number of Service Name Personnel Bellevue (Village Of) Fire and Rescue 27 Village of Howard Fire Department 18 Lawrence-Town of First Responders 15 Green Bay Metro Fire Department 200 Brown Paramedic Ashwaubenon Public Safety 77 Brown Paramedic New Para-Medic Rescue Inc 61 Brown Paramedic De Pere Fire Rescue 36 Brown Paramedic with Critical Care Aegis Group Inc. Endorsement 161 Brown Paramedic with Critical Care County Rescue Services Inc. Endorsement 45 Brown Paramedic with Critical Care Express Air Medical Endorsement Transport 11 Brown TEMS TEAM County Rescue Services TEMS Unit 4 15 Department of Health Services, 2017, Received through Happel, C. 18

FIGURE 14.2: NUMBER AND LEVEL OF EMERGENCY RESPONDERS PER JURISDICTION 19

THE CRASHES The state of Wisconsin, in a months-long process, solicited input from a diverse variety of stakeholders to create the most recent version of our Strategic Highway Safety Plan (SHSP), a document that guides investment and safety decisions for three years. The plan has ten different issue areas. General crashrelated statistics for Brown County are listed below, and then facts and figures are organized to correspond with these ten issue areas. GENERAL CRASH-RELATED STATISTICS FIGURE 15: NUMBERS OF CRASHES AND PERSONS INVOLVED IN CRASHES, BY MOST SEVERE INJURY 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012-2016 Average Crashes Persons Crashes Persons Crashes Persons Crashes Persons Crashes Persons Crashes Persons Fatality 12 13 9 9 9 9 12 15 15 18 11.4 12.8 Incapacitating Injury Non- Incapacitating Injury Possible Injury 99 116 88 104 73 98 73 87 74 89 81.4 98.8 357 443 339 431 311 383 355 449 349 442 342.2 429.6 567 835 584 859 644 903 600 905 651 919 609.2 884.2 No Apparent Injury 2,506 6,765 2,646 6,936 2,819 7,352 2,699 6,967 2,773 7,293 2,688.6 7,062.6 Totals 3,541 8,172 3,666 8,339 3,856 8,745 3,739 8,423 3,862 8,761 3,732.8 8,488.0 20

FIGURE 16: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY ROLE, BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016 PEDESTRIAN 8% BICYCLIST 4% VEHICLE PASSENGER 19% MOPED USER 1% DRIVER 47% MOTORCYCLIST 21% FIGURE 17: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY ROLE, WISCONSIN, 2012-2016 PEDESTRIAN 7% BICYCLIST 3% VEHICLE PASSENGER 20% MOPED USER 1% DRIVER 53% MOTORCYCLIST 16% Vehicle drivers make up the highest percentage of fatalities and incapacitating injuries, within Brown County and the state of Wisconsin. 21

FIGURE 18: FATAL AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY AGE IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 4 & under 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 & over KILLED INCAPACITATING INJURY FIGURE 19: FATAL AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY AGE IN WISCONSIN, 2012-2016 4000 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 4 & under 5-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65-74 75-84 85 & over KILLED INCAPACITATING INJURY For both Brown County and the state of Wisconsin, the highest number of incapacitating injuries occurred in the age group 15-24. The highest number of fatalities occurred in the age group 25-34 in Brown County, compared to the 15-24 age group for the state of Wisconsin. 22

FIGURE 20: TOTAL FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY PLACE OF RESIDENCE (BROWN COUNTY ON LEFT AND STATE OF WISCONSIN ON RIGHT), 2012-2016 Non-Local 17.03% Local* 91.77% Local* 82.80% Unknown 0.18% Non-Local 8.03% Unknown 0.20% *Local is defined as persons with addresses that have ZIP codes fully or partially within the county. FIGURE 21: FATALITIES AND INCAPACITATING INJURIES BY STATE OF RESIDENCE (BROWN COUNTY ON LEFT AND STATE OF WI ON RIGHT), 2012-2016 IL, 3% WI, 97% IL, 1% MI, 1% Other, 1% WI, 92% MN, 2% MI, 1% Other, 2% 97% of the fatalities and incapacitating injuries in Brown County are Wisconsin residents. FIGURE 22: LOCATION OF CRASHES BY ROAD TYPE IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016 Total Fatal Crashes Total Non-Fatal Injury Crashes Interstate Highways 3.5% 3.4% US/State Highways 36.8% 35.9% County Highways 12.3% 4.4% Local Roads 47.4% 56.2% The highest percentage of fatal and injury crashes occurred on local roads within Brown County. 23

FIGURE 23: REPORTING OF FATAL AND SERIOUS INJURY CRASHES BY AGENCY, 2012-2016 LEA ASHWAUBENON DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC SAFETY BROWN COUNTY SHERIFF DE PERE POLICE DEPARTMENT GREEN BAY POLICE DEPARTMENT HOBART LAWRENCE POLICE DEPARTMENT ONEIDA POLICE DEPARTMENT PULASKI VILLAGE POLICE DEPARTMENT TOTAL 24 187 21 186 26 3 2 UW GREEN BAY 1 POLICE DEPARTMENT WISCONSIN 12 STATE PATROL WRIGHTSTOWN 2 POLICE DEPARTMENT TOTAL 464 Brown County Sheriff s Office has the highest reporting of fatal and serious injury crashes within Brown County. ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE SAFETY CULTURE, SAFETY DATA, AND DATA TECHNOLOGY Because this information is difficult to quantify and visualize, we recommend that readers view the most recent edition of the Wisconsin Strategic Highway Safety Plan at the following location: http://wisconsindot.gov/documents/safety/education/frms-pubs/strategichwy-17-20.pdf 24

ISSUE AREA: REDUCE DRIVER DISTRACTION/IMPROVE DRIVER ALERTNESS FIGURE 24: INATTENTION-RELATED FATAL AND INJURY-CAUSING CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016 Inattention-Related Fatal Crashes Inattention-Related Non- Fatal Injury Crashes Interstate Highways 0.0% 3.7% US/State Highways 27.3% 36.9% County Highways 9.1% 3.6% Local Roads 63.6% 55.9% The most common location for inattention-related fatal and injury crashes in Brown County is on local roads. ISSUE AREA: REDUCE ALCOHOL & DRUG-IMPAIRED DRIVING FIGURE 25: ALCOHOL OR DRUG-RELATED CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016 Alcohol or Drug- Related Fatal Crashes Alcohol or Drug Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes Interstate Highways 3.0% 1.9% US/State Highways 42.4% 31.7% County Highways 12.1% 7.4% Local Roads 42.4% 59.0% The most common location for alcohol/drug-related fatal crashes in Brown County is on US/state highways and local roads. FIGURE 26: IMPAIRED DRIVING STATISTICS IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016 Average Total Fatal Crashes Average Non-Fatal Injury Crashes Average Alcohol or Drug- Related Fatal Crashes Average Alcohol or Drug Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes 11.4 1,032.8 6.6 95.2 Brown County Wisconsin % of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes to all fatal crashes % of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes to all fatal crashes 57.9% 45.0% Brown County has a greater percentage of alcohol or drug related fatal crashes than the state of Wisconsin. 25

ISSUE AREA: REDUCE THE INCIDENCE AND SEVERITY OF MOTORCYCLE CRASHES FIGURE 27: BROWN COUNTY MOTORCYCLISTS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED, 2012-2016 % Killed % Seriously Injured 5-Yr Ave Killed 5-Yr Ave Seriously Injured County 18.8% 21.5% 2.4 21.2 State 15.3% 16.5% 84.8 525.6 Brown County had a higher percentage of motorcyclists killed and seriously injured when compared to the state. ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE NON-MOTORIST SAFETY FIGURE 28: BROWN COUNTY PEDESTRIANS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED % Killed % Seriously Injured 5-Yr Ave Killed 5-Yr Ave Seriously Injured County 6.3% 7.9% 0.8 7.8 State 8.1% 6.6% 44.8 211.2 Brown County had higher percentages of crashes where pedestrians were seriously injured, but a lower percentage of pedestrian fatalities when compared to the state. FIGURE 29: PEDESTRIANS INVOLVED IN CRASHES BY ACTION AND LOCATION, 2012-2016 PEDESTRIAN ACTION BLANK IN CROSSWALK PEDESTRIAN LOCATION IN ROADWAY NOT IN ROADWAY ON SIDEWALK TOTAL BLANK 10 44 41 2 6 103 WALKING NOT 0 6 19 2 0 27 FACING TRAFFIC DISREGARDED 1 2 2 0 0 5 SIGNAL DARTING INTO 12 5 34 0 0 51 ROAD DARK 0 3 6 0 0 9 CLOTHING WALKING 0 11 8 1 0 20 FACING TRAFFIC TOTAL 23 71 110 5 6 215 The most common pedestrian action contributing to crashes was darting into the roadway. 26

FIGURE 30: BROWN COUNTY BICYCLISTS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED, 2012-2016 % Seriously 5-Yr Ave 5-Yr Ave Seriously % Killed Injured Killed Injured County 0.0% 4.3% 0.0 4.2 State 1.8% 2.9% 10.2 92.4 Zero bicyclists were killed in Brown County from 2012-2016. However, Brown County had a higher percentage of crashes where bicyclists were seriously injured when compared to the state. ISSUE AREA: IMPROVE SAFETY OF INTERSECTIONS FIGURE 31: BROWN COUNTY TOTAL CRASHES BY LOCATION, 2012-2016 County State % Intersection 42.9% 37.8% % Non-intersection 57.1% 62.8% Compared to the state, a higher percentage of crashes (42.9%) occurred at intersections in Brown County. ISSUE AREA: INCREASE OCCUPANT PROTECTION FIGURE 32: SEATBELT USAGE RATE STATEWIDE, 2012-2017 88.4 89.4 84.7 85.8 82.4 79.9 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Seatbelt usage statewide has increased over the past six years. FIGURE 32.2: SAFETY EQUIPMENT USAGE IN PASSENGER CAR AND LIGHT TRUCKS DURING CRASHES, 2012-2016 Belted Unbelted Fatalities and Serious Injuries 72.6% 27.4% 27

ISSUE AREA: CURB AGGRESSIVE DRIVING/REDUCE SPEED-RELATED CRASHES FIGURE 33: DRIVER POSSIBLE CONTRIBUTING CIRCUMSTANCES FOR CRASHES IN BROWN COUNTY (TOP) AND STATEWIDE (BOTTOM), 2012-2016 INATTENTIVE DRIVING 23.42% FAIL YIELD R-O-WAY 17.98% SPEED TOO FAST/COND FAILURE TO CONTROL FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE 10.34% 13.01% 12.02% DRIVER CONDITION DISGRD TRAFFIC CNTL 5.43% 4.83% OTHER CATAGORIES 12.97% INATTENTIVE DRIVING 20.97% FAILURE TO CONTROL 16.88% FAIL YIELD R-O-WAY 16.23% SPEED TOO FAST/COND 11.49% FOLLOWING TOO CLOSE 9.55% DRIVER CONDITION 5.00% OTHER CATAGORIES 19.88% Inattentive driving is the most significant contributing factor for all crashes within Brown County, and for the state as a whole. 28

FIGURE 34: AGGRESSIVE DRIVING STATISTICS IN BROWN COUNTY, 2012-2016 Average Speed Related Fatal Crashes Average Speed Related Non-Fatal Injury Crashes 5.2 170.4 Speed-Related Fatal Crashes Speed-Related Non- Fatal-Injury Crashes Interstate Highways 7.7% 6.7% US/State Highways 30.8% 35.9% County Highways 7.7% 7.5% Local Roads 53.8% 49.9% The most common location for speed-related fatal and injury crashes in Brown County is on local roads. ISSUE AREA: REDUCE LANE DEPARTURE CRASHES FIGURE 35: BROWN COUNTY RUN-OFF-THE-ROAD CRASHES, 2012-2016 5-Year Average of Run-Offthe-Road Crashes % of Run-Off-the-Road Crashes to Total Crashes County 842.0 22.6% State 30,395.6 25.4% Brown County had a lower percentage of run-off-the-road crashes when compared to the state. 29

THE IMPACT The number of persons per 1,000 residents that are involved in traffic crashes is low. 2011-2015 ANNUAL AVERAGES Brown County Wisconsin Average Annual Population 253,467 5,716,883 Persons in Crashes 33.9 46.0 (per 1,000 residents) Crash-Related Emergency Room Visits 389.8 407.3 (per 100,000 residents) Crash-Related Hospitalizations 37.8 49.3 (per 100,000 residents) Quality of Life Costs $24,547,100 $36,819,900 (per 100,000 residents) Lost Years of Life 1.75 3.04 (per 1,000 residents) Medical Costs $7,376,423 $10,482,526 (per 100,000 residents) 16,17 16 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Health Systems Research & Analysis. Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System Project. Wisconsin CODES Report Builder Custom Reporting System, http://www.chsra.wisc.edu/codes/query/overview.html Accessed Oct. 2, 2017. 17 University of Wisconsin-Madison, Center for Health Systems Research & Analysis. Wisconsin Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System Project. Community Crash Reports, http://www.chsra.wisc.edu/codes/community/default.htm Accessed Oct. 3, 2017. 30

THE GRANTS The Bureau of Transportation Safety targets counties throughout the state based on crash frequency and severity, considering their size, location, and contributing behavioral factors as indicated on crash forms received from local law enforcement agencies. Overtime enforcement grants are offered to the law enforcement agencies of a county to form a high-visibility enforcement task force that will coordinate efforts with each other and locals to change the driving behavior in their county. If a county makes the targeting list for an enforcement grant to address a behavioral highway safety issue, all law enforcement agencies within the county are eligible to participate on a task force to address the problem. National priority issue areas include impaired driving, seat belt use, speeding, and distracted driving. 2016 Grant Participation Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff s Office $49,104 $35,960 Ashwaubenon Dept. of Public Safety $24,010 De Pere Police Dept. Green Bay Police Dept. $74,172 $35,602.56 Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept. $23,345.76 Oneida Tribal Police Dept. Pulaski Police Dept. UW-Green Bay Police Dept. $10,000.73 $11,341.68 Wrightstown Police Dept. $12,150 2016 Task Forces Grant Amount Brown County OWI Task Force $120,529.50 Brown County Speed Task Force $85,392 Green Bay Police Department and UW-Green Bay Police Department participated on the Green Bay Pedestrian High-Visibility Enforcement Task Force focusing on motorist violations that negatively impact pedestrian safety. 2016 Task Force Participation Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff s Office Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Ashwaubenon Dept of Public Safety Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force De Pere Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Green Bay Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Speed Task Force Oneida Tribal Police Dept Pulaski Police Dept UW-Green Bay Police Dept Wrightstown Police Dept Brown County Speed Task Force 31

2017 Task Forces Grant Amount Brown County OWI Task Force $249,984 Brown County Seat Belt Task Force $124,992 2017 Task Force Participation Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Sheriff s Office Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Ashwaubenon Dept of Public Safety Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force De Pere Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Green Bay Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Oneida Tribal Police Dept Brown County OWI Task Force Brown County Seat Belt Task Force Pulaski Police Dept UW-Green Bay Police Dept Wrightstown Police Dept 2018 Task Force Eligibility Impaired Driving Occupant Protection Speed Brown County Law Enforcement Agencies eligible eligible not eligible Agency Mobilizations 2016-2017 FY2016 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over- Winter Holidays 2016 Click It or Ticket 2016 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over Labor Day FY2017 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over- Winter Holidays 2017 Click It or Ticket Brown County Sheriff s Office Yes Yes Ashwaubenon Dept. of Public Safety Yes Yes Yes Yes De Pere Police Dept. Green Bay Police Dept. Hobart-Lawrence Police Dept. Yes Yes Yes Yes Oneida Tribal Police Dept. Yes Pulaski Police Dept. UW-Green Bay Police Dept. Yes Wrightstown Police Dept. Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 2017 Drive Sober or Get Pulled Over Labor Day The Wisconsin State Patrol participates in all three mobilizations each year. Law enforcement agencies should participate for the chance to receive an equipment grant for ongoing high-visibility enforcement. 32