Ocean Energy in Ireland Engineers Ireland, Midlands Region Fergus Sharkey, Technology Integration Engineer, ESB Ocean Energy 25 th February 2012
Agenda ESB and Ocean Energy Ocean Energy in Ireland Wave and Tidal Energy Conversion Status of Device Testing Early Stage Projects WestWave Project Technical and Commercial Readiness Summary and Close
ESB and Ocean Energy
Electricity Supply Board, Ireland Vertically integrated utility established in 1927. Owned by the Irish State with total assets 12.5bn. Over 6GW generation capacity and 7,000 staff. Consulting over 35 years in over 100 countries. Investment strategy to achieve carbon neutrality.
ESB - Delivering its mission for 85 Years Nation building Rural electricification Securing Ireland s energy supply Competition CO 2 & market integration Electricity generated Real GDP 1927 2012 www.esb.ie
ESB and Ocean Energy World-class resource in Ireland. ESB experience in ocean energy. Next generation of renewables. Position for growth beyond 2020: Build Capability Technology & Research Partnerships Engineering Support to projects (e.g. Seagen and AMETS) Develop ESB Projects Pre-Commercial projects (e.g. WestWave) Position for Commercial Projects
Ocean Energy in Ireland
What is Ocean Energy? Wave Energy Tidal Stream Energy Solar -> Wind -> Waves (6 20s) Mechanical Energy Flux across oceans dissipates at coastline Variable but more predictable than wind Very large resource Celestial Bodies excite tidal fluctuations in ocean (~12 hour period) High velocity (2-4m/s peak) currents result at certain locations Very predictable and base load application a possibility.
but is there a long term market? UK and RoI Tidal Stream Resource:
but is there a long term market? UK and RoI Wave Resource:
but is there a long term market? RoI: Demand met with onshore wind alone. Is there a market for further variable wave energy? UK renewable shortfall: but resources are peripheral to load centres. Can power be imported from Scotland, NI or even RoI? Growth of UK offshore wind: A signal that a significant market may develop if ocean energy costs become competitive with offshore wind?
Can marine resources compete? Renewable Resource Wind (input wind at 12m/s, the typical rated velocity of an offshore wind turbine) Tidal (input water current at 2.4m/s, the typical rated velocity of a tidal turbine) Wave (input seastate H s =6m, T z =8s, the typical rated sea state for wave energy converters) Power Density (W / m 2 ) 1,100 W/m 2 7,000 W/m 2 9,400 W/m 2 (average in upper 10m of sea) Yes, marine renewables can compete, with: the right conversion technology Bankable reliability and performance A bridging market to economies of scale
Wave and Tidal Energy Conversion
Technology Wave Energy Tidal Stream Energy
Wave: Physical Location Offshore: 50m+ Depth Nearshore: 10-20m depth Onshore: Built into Shoreline
Wave: Attenuator Pelamis
Wave: Point Absorber Wavebob
Wave: Oscillating Wave Surge Converter Aquamarine
Wave: Oscillating Water Column WaveGen
Wave: Overtopping Wave Dragon
Wave: Bulge Wave Anaconda
Wave: Rotating Mass Wello Oy
Tidal: Horizontal Axis MCT OpenHydro SeaGen Atlantis
Tidal: Vertical Axis Pont Di Archimedes
Tidal: Oscillating Hydrofoil Pulse Tidal
Tidal: Archimedes Screw Flumill
Tidal: Tidal Kite Minesto
Device Testing
filename.ppt 29 Ocean Energy Ltd. Cork based company with considerable technical support from HMRC (UCC) Deployed at ¼ Scale at MI test site in Galway Bay. At full-scale, the device would be deployed in depths >50m
filename.ppt 30 OE Buoy: How it works Oscillating Water Column (OWC) reacts against a single backward-bent duct structure compressing internal air chamber. Power extracted from oscillating airflow between chamber and atmospheric pressure.
filename.ppt 31 OE Buoy: Survivability Single Structure providing relatively conventional sea-keeping and hull integrity problem On site throughout winter months in Galway Bay Survived 8m wave (32 m full-scale) on site with acceptable mooring loads Ready to go to full scale demonstration as next step.
filename.ppt 32 3. Wavebob Ltd. Point-Absorber type Wave Energy Converter Irish Owned Company based in Maynooth Wavebob have attracted a lot of international investments and partnerships such as Vattenfall & Chevron.
filename.ppt 33 Wavebob Ltd: Development Plan 75 th Scale (Tank Testing) ¼ Scale (Galway Bay) Full Scale (Belmullet) 17 th Scale (Tank Testing) ½ Scale (Portugal)
filename.ppt 34 Wavebob Ltd Developed 75 th Scale and 17 th Scale models for tank testing of device including mooring assessment Tests undertaken at HMRC (Cork), MARIN (Netherlands) and EC Nantes (France).
filename.ppt 35 Wavebob Ltd Developed and deployed ¼ Scale devices for sea trials: 2006 Galway Bay #1 First sea trials. Some Mechanical Failures. 2007 Galway Bay #2 Improved Mechanical Arrangement and Moorings
Pelamis Wave Power Ltd. Self-reacting articulated structure, attenuates incoming waves. Onboard hydraulics converts loads at joints to electrical power for export. Rapid connect / disconnect and tow for removal and maintenance
Pelamis PTO Module
Pelamis: P1 Deployments Early Demonstration Variant 2004-2007 P1A Prototype Deployed at EMEC, Orkney 2008 3 x P1 750kW Machines deployed in Aguçadoura, Portugal.
Pelamis: P2 Deployments 2010 Eon P2 machine mobilised to Orkney for testing. 2011 Scottish Power owned P2 mobilised to Orkney in Nov 2011 Extensive work-up test programme underway with both machines.
Pelamis: Lifecycle Readiness
Pelamis: Lifecycle Readiness
PELAMIS VIDEO Pelamis in Orkney: www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1qikdyqoz4 Pelamis Installation: www.youtube.com/watch?v=az9nwquda_0
Aquamarine Power Ltd. Nearshore Surging Flap Oscillator Deployed in 12 m to 16 m water depth (significant surge component to water oscillations. Hydraulic power export with onshore hydroelectric plant
Aquamarine Power: Oyster 1 2010 315kW Oyster 1 Demonstrator Operational at EMEC Hydraulic Power Aggregation System to Pelton Wheel turbine house.
Aquamarine Power: Oyster 800 2011 800kW Demonstrator installed at EMEC, nearing completion. First of 3 device variants to be deployed and connected to the same 2.4MW onshore hydropower plant.
Aquamarine Power: Oyster 800
APL VIDEO Aquamarine Oyster 800 in action: www.youtube.com/watch?v=fcheefaocos
Marine Current Turbines: SeaGen 2008 1.2 MW SeaGen Operational in Strangford Lough Twin two bladed turbines, raised to surface for maintenance 6 GWH produced : PPA with ESBIE
Marine Current Turbines: SeaGen
Early Stage Projects
Pentland Firth Leasing Round
Tidal opportunities in NI Potential for ~ 300MW in NI. ESBI has completed a site selection study in NI Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) completed Have undertaken tidal resource measurements off Antrim coast in 2010 Crown Estate awarded 200MW tidal in 2012 Opportunities for ESBI.
Wave Opportunities in RoI Mayo ESBI applied for foreshore licences on 5 sites Mayo (2), Kerry (2), Clare Potential for up to 100MW on each site Strategic Environmental Assessment underway New licensing regime needed ESB in consultation with DECLG on licencing.
WestWave Project
WestWave Project Opportunity for first wave energy project in Ireland: 5 MW by 2015 Potential for support from EU NER300: Wave Energy category Project will represent Phase 3 of Government Ocean Energy Strategy Project consortium includes four of the leading Technology Developers: Aquamarine Power Ltd. (Scotland) Wavebob Ltd. (Ireland) Ocean Energy ltd. (Ireland) Pelamis Wave Power Ltd. (Scotland)
WestWave Progress Seabed Surveys Complete Technology Procurement Early Steps Taken Environmental Scoping Reports Published 13 11 Killard Wave Height 9 7 5 3 1 Hs (m) Grid Offers in place Hs - Measured Wave Measurements underway 23/11/2011 00:00 28/11/2011 00:00 03/12/2011 00:00 08/12/2011 00:00 13/12/2011 00:00 18/12/2011 00:00 23/12/2011 00:00 28/12/2011 00:00 02/01/2012 00:00 07/01/2012 00:00 12/01/2012 00:00 Date
filename.ppt 57 WestWave Technology Options Offshore Nearshore
Invention to Industrial Machinery ESBIoe TRL Scale: Commercial Project Readiness 1:1 Pre-commercial Project Readiness 1:1 Ocean Operational Readiness >1:2 Reduced-Risk Full System Verification >1:4 Reduced-Risk Subsystem Verification >1:15 Laboratory and Analytical Verification >1:25 Initial Product Verification >1:100 Technology Stream Initiated n/a Configuration Described n/a ESB Commercial Projects TRL 9 ESB Pre-Commercial Projects TRL 8 Leading Technologies TRL 5
16 Target Cost Trajectories ( /MW installed) m/mw 14 Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 12 10 Pre- Commercial Arrays Small Commercial Arrays Large Commercial Arrays m/mw 8 6 4 Single Device Demo Grant Support & Hi Tariff Support Transition Tariff Support Enduring Tariff Support 2 Indicative Timeline 0 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 2028 2030 TRL8 TRL9
Long Term Market
Offshore Renewables in an All Islands Market Current Best New Entrant Renewable: Onshore Wind UK O/Wind Operational 2.6 GW Operational ~7GW planning / approved Future Offshore Options: UK O/Wind Options to R3 ~ 50 GW Wave Resource Regions Tidal Resource Regions => Wave and Tidal options must be at least as commercially attractive as future offshore wind options www.esb.ie
Summary Ocean Energy resource in Ireland is huge Technology is maturing. Slowly but surely. MWhrs and even GWhrs are growing. Lot of early stage project activity in the UK and Ireland Cost reduction is required to secure a long term market