John Paul (JP) Jones President of
Required Training for Telecommunications Tower Workers in the USA WHAT STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS DO WE TRAIN TO?
OSHA CFR 29-1926 & 1910 ANSI 490.1 ANSI Z359 ANSI 10.48 TIA 222-G (H- Late 2016) TIA 322 NEW TRAINING BEING DEVELOPED BY NWSA
ANSI Z 490.1 CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTED PRACTICES IN SAFETY, HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRAINING, USED AS THE BASIS FOR MOST TRAINING MODELS
ANSI Z 359 FALL PROTECTION CODE USED FOR ALL COMPETENT CLIMBER/RESCUER TRAINING
NATE CTS/CTP USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE ANSI Z 359. SETS THE TIMELINE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE TRAINING
ANSI 10.48 STANDARD BEST PRACTICES FOR THE ERECTION, MODIFICATION, MAINTENANCE AND DEMOLITION OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRUCTURES
ANSI 10.48 Table of Contents General References Definitions Pre-Job Planning Job Site Conditions Fall Protection RF/EME Base and Truck mounted Tower Erection Hoists Personnel Lifting Accessories & Processes Rigging Gin Poles Includes all operational data from the TIA 1019A-2011 Climbing Facilities Loads Affecting Structural Capacity Training Capstan (Cathead) Demolition Helicopters Electrical Aerial Lifts
PROPOSED CHANGES TO Standards and Requirements FOR TOWER TECHNICIANS WORKING ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS STRUCTURES
WHAT STAYS THE SAME WORKERS WILL STILL ADHERE TO THE FOLLOWING: ANSI Z359 STANDARD FOR FALL PROTECTION Personal Fall Protection Safety Requirements for Construction, Demolition, Maintenance and Modification of Telecommunications Structures in The USA 100% FALL PROTECTION WHEN WORKING AT HEIGHTS OVER SIX(6) FEET
TIA 222-G (H 2016) Structural Steel Standards for Steel Antenna Towers and Supporting Structures TR-14 Engineering Committee
TR-14 Engineering Group Tasks Climber Attachments Engineered Climber Attachments Step Bolt Requirements, Capacities, Size, Design NATE / TIA Step Bolt Testing Event Fall 2016 Flexible Cable Ladder Safety Systems Size of Cable Commonality Design Compatibility Failures
Hierarchy of Controls Identify & Eliminate the Hazard Engineering - highest level of control Administrative middle control Personal Protective Equipment
WORKERS MUST BE PROTECTED BY ONE OF THE FOLLOWING PRIMARY SYSTEMS FALL ARREST SYSTEMS (PFAS) FALL RESTRAINT SYSTEMS ENERGY ABSORBING LANYARDS LADDER SAFETY SYSTEMS VERTICAL LIFELINE SYSTEMS LADDER CAGES SELF-RETRACTING LIFELINE SYSTEMS STAIR RAILS & HAND RAILS HORIZONTAL LIFELINE SYSTEMS CLIMB ASSIST SYSTEMS
WHAT is CHANGING NEW CLASSIFICATIONS FOR RIGGERS SOW CLASSIFICATION (ANSI 10.48) ANCHORAGES RESCUE TRAINING RESCUE RE-CERTIFICATION
CLIMBER CLASSIFICATIONS AUTHORIZED CLIMBER RESCUER An authorized climber is an individual with the physical capabilities to climb; who may or may not have previous climbing experience; has been trained in fall protection regulations, the equipment that applies to communication structures work, and instruction for proper use of the equipment.
COMPETENT CLIMBER/RESCUER Competent climbers shall have a minimum 90 days, documented, full time, climbing experience utilizing the latest technology in fall protection equipment. MUST COMPLY TO ALL MINIMUMS OF THE NATE CTS/CTP
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
Environmental Hazard Assessment- ICE/Frozen Steel
Environmental Hazard Assessment- Inclement Weather
Environmental Hazard Assessment- Birds(of Prey) Towers and monopoles make perfect nesting and roosting spots for a wide variety of birds. Mostly Birds of Prey (Meat eaters). They are not afraid to attack especially when they have young in the nest!
Environmental Hazard Assessment- Birds(of Prey) Most species of Birds of prey are protected and the nest cannot be approached when the young are in the nest. Consult your local Fish & Wildlife Department for regulations
Non-Standard Structures
Rescue Training Requirements Competent Rescuer Training must include at a minimum, training in the following rescue techniques: Self Rescue/Self Escape Companion Rescue by Controlled Descent Companion Rescue by Lowering from Above Rescue by Lower from the Ground (Non-Climber)
Self Rescue In the event that a climber falls and is OK or gets into a situation where he is suspended and cannot be reached by a rescuer in a timely manner they must be able to implement a Self Rescue and get back to the structure safely.
Companion Rescue by Controlled Descent Upon reaching the victim the rescuer Secures his descent device, Connects the victim to his descent system, Frees the victim from his fall arrest equipment and Slowly descends with the victim to safety.
Companion Rescue by Lowering from Above The Rescuer rigs the Descent/Lowering system to an anchorage above the injured climber and connects the load rope to the Dorsal D-Ring then lowers the injured climber safely to the ground.
Rescue by Lower from the Ground If you have a rope rigged and personnel on the ground then the best way to lower a victim is by the individual on the ground controlling the rescue descent or pulley up the tower. The rescuer on the tower connects the top end of the rope to the victims Back D-Ring and the rescuer on the ground lowers the victim to the ground. This can be performed by a non-climber!
Rescue Re-Certification ANSI Z359-3.3.5 Competent Rescuer Education & Training ANSI Z359-3.3.5.5 Competent Rescuer Re-Training Competent Rescuer training shall be conducted at least once per year The ANSI 10.48 Fall Protection Sub-Committee is proposing that mandatory, documented rescue practice sessions be held quarterly and that a total of 8 hours annually be a pre-requisite for Rescue re-certification.
ANSI 10.48 STANDARD
STRUCTURAL HAZARD ASSESSMENT-GUY ANCHOR INSPECTION Preformed Grip Thimbles Ice Clips Safety Wires Turnbuckles Ground Wire Anchor Head Anchor Shaft Point Of Daylight Inspection points of a typical Guyed Tower Anchor System
COMPETENT RIGGER PER THE ANSI 10.48 STANDARD
Example: What effects line pull capacity Friction Coefficient of Block Sheave Weight of the Rope and Rigging and Counterweight Wind Pressures Increase Tagging Force 5% Estimate Add 40 Lbs. Add 75 Lbs. 11 775 40 75 50 940 Lbs. X 1.364 Tag Force Multiplier 1282.16 Lbs. SLMS 2016 Add 50 Lbs. TAG 52.5 775 Lbs. CAPSTAN HOIST 1000 Lbs. Pull
Tag Angle Force Chart Load Line Angle Tag Angle 45 degrees Tag Angle 52.5 degrees Tag Angle 60 degrees Tag Angle 67.50 degrees Tag Angle 75 degrees 3 degrees 1.057 1.075 1.101 1.146 1.254 5 degrees 1.100 1.133 1.183 1.273 1.490 7 degrees 1.149 1.199 1.280 1.432 1.860 9 degrees 1.203 1.276 1.395 1.639 2.476 11 degrees 1.265 1.364 1.536 1.919 3.710 13 degrees 1.334 1.468 1.710 2.319 7.416 15 degrees 1.414 1.591 1.932 2.932 **** SLMS 2016 42
TIA/EIA-PN4860 Gin Pole Standard Structural Standards for Steel Gin Poles used for the Installation of Antenna and Antenna Supporting Structures Was part of our agreement with OSHA for riding the line. Came into effect 2004 Specified the use of an engineered pole with a load chart. Was replaced by TIA 1019-A 2011 THEN BECAME A NEW CHAPTER IN THE ANSI 10.48
RIGGING PLANS Construction work shall be classified Class I Gross Loads up to 350 Lbs.. Class II Gross Loads up to 500 Lbs.. Class III Gross Loads up to 2000 Lbs.. Class IV Gross Loads over 2000Lbs. Removal of Critical structural Members and Special Engineered Lifts Proposed activities will be outlined in writing Rigging Plan A minimum level of responsibility will be established On site Competent Rigger with the proper training shall be identified and on site
CLASS I Prepared by a Competent Rigger Work is completed by a Competent Rigger The scope of work does not affect the integrity of the structure and the proposed rigging loads are minor in comparison to the strength of the structure, but not exceeding Gross Loads greater than 350 Lbs..
CLASS II Prepared by a Competent Rigger Work is completed by a Competent Rigger The scope of work involves the removal or the addition of appurtenances, mounts, platforms, etc. that involve minor rigging loads in comparison to the strength of the structure, but not exceeding gross loads greater than 500 Lbs..
Class III Prepared by a Qualified Person and Work is completed by a Competent Rigger Rigging plans that involve work outside the scope of Class I, II or IV construction Gross Loads up to 2000 Lbs..
Class IV Prepared by a Qualified Person and a Qualified Engineer Work is completed by a Competent Rigger The scope of work involves custom or infrequent construction methods, removal of structural members or appurtenances, special engineered lifts, and unique situations.
Guy Wire Temporary Support Temporary guy wires are required: When replacing guys Prevent excessive mast movement To meet Non-Operational wind loading requirements Temporary guys shall not be less than 50% of the wire strength being replaced SLMS 2015 49
Temporary Member Supports Written Rigging Plan required Reduced loading over design loading may apply due to loading duration factors Temporary members shall be support the applicable loads during the time of the change. SLMS 2015 50
Competent Rigger Training Per the A10.48 Standard, the following training is recommended for a Competent Rigger Prerequisites HSE Orientation Fall Protection RF/EME Competent Rigger Level II Level I Capstan Tower Erection Hoists Class II Rigging Plans Competent Rigger Level I Basic Rigging TIA 1019 and Class I Rigging Plan Competent Rigger Level III Level II Gin Pole Class 3 and 4 Rigging Plan
Wind speed loading 30 mph Over 30 mph is a special condition Gin Pole Loads Bridle forces Basket forces Operational Conditions Loading conditions during Construction or Hoisting Hoist load line forces Crown block loading Heel block loading Guy Cable Forces During Tower Erection Unequal forces on the mast Includes potential slippage 52 SLMS 2026
Non-Operational Conditions Loads to be Considered: High wind conditions Daytime Overnight One week or longer Weather loads are usually not considered due to low probability of occurring Snow, Ice, Rain Seismic not considered 53 SLMS 2016
Non-Operational Wind Loads [During Construction] Construction Period Continuous work period Minimum Duration Factor 0.50 (0.5 x 90 mph = 45 mph) Less than 24 hours 0.60 (54 mph) (overnight conditions) 24 hours to 1 week 0.67 (60 mph) 1 week to 6 weeks 0.75 (67.5 mph) 6 weeks to 6 months 0.80 (72.0 mph) Greater than 6 months 1.00 (90 mph or greater) SLMS 2015 54
Block Loading & Rope Angle 500 0 500 ^ Angle X Multiplication Factor ^ Angle X Multiplication Factor 0 2.00 100 1.29 10 1.99 110 1.15 20 1.97 120 1.00 30 1.93 130 0.84 40 1.87 140 0.68 50 1.81 150 0.52 60 1.73 160 0.35 70 1.64 170 0.17 80 1.53 180 0.00 90 1.41 500 Lbs. X 2 = 1,000 Lbs. SLMS 2015 55
Block Loading & Rope Angle 90 Heel Block ^ Angle X Multiplication Factor ^ Angle X Multiplication Factor 0 2.00 100 1.29 10 1.99 110 1.15 20 1.97 120 1.00 30 1.93 130 0.84 40 1.87 140 0.68 50 1.81 150 0.52 60 1.73 160 0.35 70 1.64 170 0.17 80 1.53 180 0.00 90 1.41 500 X 1.41 = 705 Lbs. SLMS 2015 56
Block Angles What is the line pull and the total forces associated with the Heel Block and the Crown Block? Line Pull = 675 Lbs.. A = 675 Lbs. * 1.41 = 952 Lbs. B = 675 Lbs. * 1.97 = 1,330 Lbs. B 20 ^ Angle X Multiplier ^ Angle X Multiplier 675 Lbs.. 0 2.00 50 1.81 10 1.99 60 1.73 20 1.97 70 1.64 30 1.93 80 1.53 40 1.87 90 1.41 90 A
Block Configurations ^ Angle X Multiplier ^ Angle X Multiplier 0 2.00 100 1.29 10 1.99 110 1.15 20 1.97 120 1.00 30 1.93 130 0.84 40 1.87 140 0.68 50 1.81 150 0.52 60 1.73 160 0.35 70 1.64 170 0.17 1000 Lbs. 80 1.53 180 0.00 90 1.41 Line Pull = 1,000 Lbs. Gross Load = 2,000 Lbs.
Personnel Hoisting
From all of us at THANK YOU FOR YOUR TIME IN VIEWING THIS PRESENTATION