River Study Fieldwork Sheets Name Date Group Team Site Upper Valley 1 Lower Valley 1 Upper Valley 2 Lower Valley 2 IMPORTANT In order for data to be collected accurately and safely it is vital that you work as a team. Listen carefully to any advice you are given and always act responsibly. Remember that you are in a public place and on National Trust property. To make conclusions about a number of hypotheses over the changes in the Carding Mill Valley it is necessary to collect data from a total of four sites: two sites in the Upper Valley and two sites in the Lower Valley. Your group will collect data from one site only and record your findings on the worksheet. When you return to school you will share the data with other groups to fill in the data for the other sites in the spaces provided. The hypotheses you intend to test: 1. Does the valley width increase as you go downstream? 2. Does the width of the river channel increase as you go downstream? 3. Does the volume, velocity and discharge of water increase as you go downstream? 4. Does the gradient of the river decrease downstream? 5. Does the size of the bedload decrease as you go downstream? 6. Does the roundness of the bedload increase downstream? Directions Stand a ranging pole at the edge of the river. Measure 10 metres downstream and put in the second ranging pole. This is where your team will now work through the hypotheses. All measurements should be in metres, to two decimal places. N.B. When you return to school you should to mark on a base map the location of the four sites. Page 1 of 7
Table One: Valley Profile Measure and record the following: width of the valley the width of the channel the width of the water surface the depth of the water surface below the edge of the channel v c A B d C D E F w Width of Valley Width of Channel Width of water surface Depth of water surface below channel edge. v (AB + BC + CD) c (BC) w (EF) d Gradient of water surface (degrees) Page 2 of 7
Table Two: River Channel Profile Hold a tape across the river channel Measure and record the depth of water every 25cm A C B Distance from left bank (m) Depth of water (m) 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 Page 3 of 7
Table Three: River Channel nel Depth Measure the depth of water in the middle of the river every metre between the two poles. Distance from first pole (m) Depth of water (m) 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 Page 4 of 7
Table Four: River Velocity Measure the time taken for floats to travel between the two ranging poles as follows: Person A releases a float in line with the first ranging pole when B( with the stop watch) is ready. Person C stands in the water and shouts STOP! when the float passes the second ranging pole. (C should catch the float and return it to A). Person D records the time taken for each float. This should be repeated for five floats at different positions across the river channel. Float Number Time (seconds) 1 2 3 4 5 Page 5 of 7
Table Five: River Gradient Persons A and B hold ranging poles vertically, and 10 metres apart. The tip of the pole should be just feathering the water surface. Person C uses the clinometer to measure the angle between the same point on each pole. Person D records. Gradient (degrees) Page 6 of 7
Table Six: Bedload Sampling Select a sample by lifting the stone nearest to your big right toe. Measure the longest axis, classify each sample according to the Cailleaux Index and return the sample to its original position in the river. Move to another position in the river, without looking at the river bed to ensure random sampling. Take 10 samples across the width of the river channel. Each measurement should take less than 20 seconds. Please take care to return the samples back to the river as they are likely to have living organisms on them. Sample Number Length of longest axis (mm) Cailleaux Index (circle) 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 4 1 2 3 4 5 6 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 1 2 3 4 5 6 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 Class 6 Very Angular Angular Sub-angular Sub-rounded Rounded Well Rounded Cailleaux Index Page 7 of 7
River Study Field Sheets Table One: Valley Profile Width of Valley Width of Channel Width of River Table Two: River Channel Profile Distance from bank (m) 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 1.75 2.00 2.25 2.50 2.75 3.00 3.25 3.50 Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Page 1 of 3
River Study Field Sheets Table Three: River Channel Depth Distance from first pole (m) 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.00 Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Depth (mm) Table Four: River Velocity Float Number Time (seconds) Time (seconds) Time (seconds) Time (seconds) 1 2 3 4 5 Table Five: River Gradient Gradient Page 2 of 3
River Study Field Sheets Table Six: Bedload Sampling Table 6a: Size Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Average Size (mm) Size (mm) Size (mm) Size (mm) Table 6b: Cailleaux Index Sample Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Average Cailleaux Cailleaux Cailleaux Cailleaux Index Index Index Index Page 3 of 3