Name: Section: Date: Types of waves: 1. Transverse waves: Wave Review To do: take a slinky and shake the end up and down Examples: stretched strings of musical instruments and light waves Choose one of the underlined: A transverse wave is a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular/parallel to the direction of the wave motion. Looking at the picture describe the following terms: a. Crests (peak): Top of the wave b. Troughs: Bottom of the wave c. Amplitude: Distance from top to midpoint or from bottom to midpoint d. Wavelength: Distance between two consecutive points 2. Longitudinal Waves: To do: stretch or compress the end of a slinky Examples: sound Choose one of the underlined words: A longitudinal wave is a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular/parallel to the direction of the wave motion.
Looking at the picture describe the following terms: a. Compression: Parts of the wave where the particles are closer together b. Rarefaction: Parts of the wave where the particles are farther apart c. Wavelength: Distance between two equivalent points. Distance of one complete cycle. A medium or material 3. A mechanical wave is a wave that transfers energy through. A mechanical wave requires a. A medium A vacuum 4. An electromagnetic wave is a wave that transfers energy through. An electromagnetic wave does not require a. medium Making Waves: For each situation, identify the type of wave (mechanical or electromagnetic and transverse or longitudinal) and the medium through which the wave is traveling. 1. Rock falling into Mechanical, transverse water Ripples in the water.
2. Mechanical, longitudinal Sound Sound produced by the drum. 3. Electromagnetic, transverse A vacuum Sunlight. 4. Electromagnetic, transverse Microwaves. 5. In the microwave oven they travel through air, but they can travel trough a vacuum Mechanical, transverse Crowd The wave at a stadium. 6. Mechanical, circular (both transverse and longitudinal) Water wave. water
Determining Frequency: Determine the frequency of each wave 2 7. Frequency = Hertz 0 8. Frequency = 1 Hertz 1 2 time (s) 0 1 2 time (s) 9. Frequency = 4 Hertz 0 1 2 time (s) Determining Wavelength: Use a ruler to determine the wavelength of each wave. 10. Wavelength = cm 11. Wavelength = cm 12. Wavelength = cm
Multiple Choice Review 1. Which of the following is the best example of a wave? A. a stone rolling downhill B. a vehicle traveling on a bumpy road C. a string vibrating on a guitar D. a grasshopper jumping up and down occasionally. 2. The diagram below shows a wave trace. Distance Z is a measure of A. amplitude. B. frequency. C. wavelength. D. wave speed. 3. The illustration below shows three toy ducks floating on water, moving up and down as a wave travels to the right with a velocity of 3 m/s.. Which of the following is the frequency of the wave? A. 7.0 Hz B. 1.33 Hz C. 1.5 Hz D. 0.75 Hz
4. The figure below shows a spring with a wave traveling through it. Which type of wave is illustrated? A. sound B. transverse C. longitudinal D. electromagnetic 5. What is the frequency of ocean waves that have a speed of 18 m/s and a wavelength of 50 m? A. 0.18 Hz B. 0.36 Hz C. 2.8 Hz D. 9.0 Hz 6. An organ pipe produces a musical note with a wavelength of 2.72 m. What is the frequency of this note if the speed of sound is 348 m/s? A. 85.7 Hz B. 128 Hz C. 260 Hz D. 466 Hz 7. Which of the following best describes the relationship between frequency and wavelength of electromagnetic waves? A. If the frequency remains constant, the wavelength increases. B. The wavelength decreases as the frequency decreases. C. The frequency increases as the wavelength decreases. D. If the wavelength remains constant, the frequency increases. 8. Five bowling balls are lined up touching one another on a smooth surface. Striking the first ball with a hammer makes the fifth ball move away from the group. The force of the hammer was transmitted through the line of balls as what type of wave? A. electromagnetic B. heat C. longitudinal D. transverse
9. What causes sound? A. sunlight B. vibrations C. x-rays D. pitch 10. Sound reaches our ears because sound makes air particles A. heat up. B. cool down. C. slow down. D. vibrate. Wave Speed Equation Practice: You MUST show all STEPS. 1. A wave has a frequency of 50 Hz and a wavelength of 10m. What is the speed of the wave? ( ) v = 500 m/s 2. The speed of a wave is 5m/s. Its wavelength is 2m. What is the frequency of the wave? ( ) f = 2.5 Hz 3. A radio station broadcasts at 90.9 MegaHertz. What is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves it broadcasts? ( ) λ = 303 m
OPEN RESPONSE: BE SURE TO ANSWER AND LABEL ALL PARTS OF THE QUESTION. Show all your work (diagrams, tables, or computations) in your Student Answer Booklet. If you do the work in your head, explain in writing how you did the work. The map below represents the area near the origin of an earthquake. Earthquakes generate several different kinds of waves. Longitudinal waves are called P waves, and transverse waves are called S waves. The P waves have a greater velocity than the S waves. An earthquake occurs and these waves travel to point A. a. Which type of wave is first to reach point A? b. Describe the expected movement of the ground due to the P waves and explain your reasoning. c. Describe the expected movement of the ground when the S waves reach point A, and explain your reasoning. a. P waves (longitudinal waves) will be the first type of waves to arrive at point A. We can see in the picture that there is a lake right in between the point of origin and point A. Longitudinal waves are the only type of waves than can travel through a liquid. Transverse waves ( S ) cannot travel through the lake. b. The ground will move side to side when a P wave passes through. A P wave is a longitudinal wave. Longitudinal waves are waves in which the medium moves parallel to the motion of the wave. c. The ground will move up and down when the S wave passes through. An S wave is a transverse wave. Transverse waves are waves in which the medium moves perpendicular to the motion of the wave.