Introduction to Habitability Required Crew Volumes! Human Physiological Adaptation to 0G! Workstation Design! Restraint Design! Ideal Cabin Layout! Habitability in Partial Gravity! Stowage! Various Examples 1 2015 David L. Akin - All rights reserved http://spacecraft.ssl.umd.edu
Development of Final Design Synthesis from preliminary designs, trade studies, virtual reality, and full-scale mockup tended to! 3.65 m diameter! Two full-diameter levels! Separation of operations and habitation functions! Operational assumptions! Four suitports for nominal ops plus inflatable airlock! Premium on stowage, multipurpose space, functionality! Design to MFH specifications for outpost; examine options in both growth (multihabitat) and isolated (self-sufficient habitat) directions 121
Habitat Orthogonal Views 3.65 m 5.5 m 122
Lower Deck Layout CTB Stowage Racks Air Handling/ CO2 Scrubbing/! Heat Exchanger Multipurpose Table Berthing Hatch Ladder to Upper Deck 123 Water Recycling
Upper Deck Layout Individual Crew Berths Galley Wall - Food Preparation Bathroom Table and Seats Opened for Meals; Stowed Otherwise 124 CTB Stowage Racks
ECLIPSE Mockup Main Structure 125
ECLIPSE Mockup Main Structure 126
ECLIPSE Mockup - Interiors 127
ECLIPSE Mockup - Interiors 128
ECLIPSE Crew 1 129
UMd Final MFH Design 3.65 m diameter! 5.5 m tall! 4:1 ellipsoidal endcaps! Three module berthing ports (Cx standard)! Four suitports (two in berthing hatches)! Inflatable airlock! 130
Lower Deck Layout 131
Upper Deck Layout 132
Crew Berths 133 Personal sleeping berths! Individual stowage for 6 CTBs and 0.24 m 3 of loose gear! Water wall - 215 kg of water provides 5 gm/cm 2 radiation shielding (polyethylene door not shown)! Contingency waste management for 48 hours
Crew Berths 134
1-G Testing: HAVEN Habitat 135 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
1-G Testing: HAVEN Module Two story habitat module (currently limited to one level) Modular removable wall sections (8x45 sectors)enable total reconfiguration of the habitat Multiple vertical hatch locations enables a wider variety of layouts to be implemented 5m outer diameter provides 20 m 2 floor area and 40 m 3 in current configuration; double if upper level is added 136 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
HAVEN Outfitting HAVEN is designed to be highly modular and easily reconfigurable Each interchangeable wall section is separately wired for power and lighting Widespread use of pegboard panelling for quick additions of surface-mount items Designed with dual hatches to upper level (centerline and next to the wall) for comparison Potential access to storage volume between floor joists 137 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
2012 X-Hab: CHELONIA Concept 138 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
1G Habitat Infrastructure Status ECLIPSE and HAVEN habitats are outside in SSL Moonyard facility (i.e., parking lot) Access to Moonyard has been blocked by snow until this week Need to repair minor water damage, complete planned upgrades to HAVEN (e.g., doors, waterproofing, paint) Performed feasibility assessment, and concluded it is not practical to add upper level to HAVEN under X- Hab 2014 Human factors tests now feasible with moderating weather 139 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Underwater Habitat Three-View 18 ft 8 ft 8 ft 14.5 ft 13.4 ft 140 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
UW Hab Shell Construction 141 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Horizontal Configuration 5.54 ft 5.54 ft 3.93 ft 3.93 ft 9 ft 12 ft 5.09 ft 5.09 ft 12 ft 9 ft NBRF Floor Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Vertical Configuration 9 ft 12 ft NBRF Floor Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Schematic of Hab Deck Structure Standard 4ft. x 4 ft. grid pattern Fiberglass extrusion floor panels Specialized panels (e.g., passageways, equipment mounts) repositionable upon need Works for horizontal and vertical layouts 145 Progress Report #2 X-Hab 2014
Partial Gravity Sims of Habitability 146
Ballasting An appropriate ballast distribution was calculated using body segment mass data for 50th percentile American males! 31% on the chest! 31% on the back! 13% on each thigh! 6% on each calf! Arm masses only require ~1-2 kg and are not generally ballasted to preserve arm dexterity 147
Underwater Partial Gravity Simulation 148
Partial Gravity Anthropometrics Neutral body posture! Jumping capability! Access between levels! Stairs/ramps (35, 67, 78 )! Vertical ladder! Unencumbered and transporting 30-kg CTB at appropriate weight! Body segment parametric ballasting! Repeated at microgravity, 1/6 g (Moon), 3/8 g (Mars) 149
NBP: Microgravity Keith H. Miller, ed., Man-Systems Integration Standard" NASA-STD-3000, Rev. B July 1995. 150
NBP: Microgravity Overlay Additional markers are needed! 151 Qualisys was able to successfully track markers! Angle between wrist and elbow markers and horizontal:! Underwater: 175 degrees! Microgravity: 180 degrees! Angles are about 20 degrees from theoretical, which are +/- 10
NBP: Lunar (1/6G) 152
NBP: Mars (3/8G) 153
NBP: Results Microgravity Lunar Mars 154
Vertical Translation with CTB: Mars 155
Steep (67 ) Stairs 156
Shallow (35 ) Stairs with CTB: Mars 157
Results on Vertical Transitions Test subjects prefer steep (67-78 ) stairs over vertical ladder or shallow (35 ) stairs! Desired step spacing increases with lower gravity, but decreases again with crew burden! Physical hardware used was quick and dirty - plans in work for system with variable slope, variable step spacing! Need handrails on ladders! Optical motion tracking difficult due to camera failures, lack of camera coverage at walls 158
NASA Concept of Mobile Habitats 159
NASA Habitat Demonstration Unit 160
Interior of Habitat Demo Unit (HDU) 161
HDU Robotics Workstation 162
HDU Glovebox 163
HDU Glovebox in Use 164
HDU General-Purpose Workstation 165
HDU Upper Deck (Habitation) Level 166
HDU Hygiene Module 167
Hygiene Module Overhead Lighting 168
HDU Toilet Area 169
HDU Sink and Water Dispenser 170
Mars Desert Research Station 171
MDRS Lower Level Floor Plan 172
MDRS Upper Level Floor Plan 173
HI-SEAS Mars Simulation Site 174
HI-SEAS Internal Visualization 175
HI-SEAS Lower Level Open Space 176
HI-SEAS Lower Level Floor Plan 177
HI-SEAS Upper Floor Plan 178
HI-SEAS Food Preparation Area 179
Halley VI Station - Antarctica 180