1ACE Exercise Investigation 1. Suppose Kalvin tosses a coin to determine his breakfast cereal every day. He starts on his 1th birthday and continues until his 18th birthday. About how many times would you expect him to eat Cocoa Blast cereal? HINT Refer back to Problem 1.1. How many options of cereal does Kalvin have? What is the probability that Kalvin will get to eat Cocoa Blast on one day? How many years are there between Kalvin s 1th birthday and his 18th birthday? How many days are there in one year? How many days are there between Kalvin s 1th & 18th birthdays? About how many times would you expect him to eat Cocoa Blast cereal? 50
ACE Exercise 7 Investigation 7. Melissa is designing a birthday card for her sister. She has a blue, a yellow, a pink, and a green sheet of paper. She also has a black, a red, and a purple marker. Suppose Melissa chooses one sheet of paper and one marker at random. Paper Markers Blue Black Yellow Red Pink Purple Green a. Make a tree diagram to determine all the possible color combinations. Use the one started below. Paper Blue Markers Black Red Purple Yellow Pink Green How many different choice combinations can Melissa make? b. What is the probability that Melissa chooses pink paper and a red marker? 51
3ACE Exercise Investigation 3 c. What is the probability that Melissa chooses blue paper? What is the probability that she does not choose blue paper? d. What is the probability that she chooses a purple marker?. The cooks at Kyla s school make the spinners below to help them choose the lunch menu. They let the students take turns spinning. For parts (a) (c), decide which spinner you would choose. Spinner A Spinner B Hot dog Hot dog Pizza Spaghetti Pizza Lasagna Hambu rger Hot dog Spaghetti Lasagna Hambu rger Pizza HINT You may want to divide Spinner A and Spinner B into equal sections to answer the following questions. For example, Spinner A can be divided into 1 equal sections. Hot dogs would then be of the spinner; Spaghetti ; 1 Lasagna 3 1 ; Pizza: ; and Hamburger:. Now you can do the same for the Spinner B, if you want. 1 5
3ACE Exercise (continued) Investigation 3 a. What spinner would you choose if your favorite lunch is pizza? HINT What is the probability that Spinner A will land on a pizza section? What is the probability that Spinner B will land on a pizza section? Explain why: b. What spinner would you choose if your favorite lunch is lasagna? HINT What is the probability that Spinner A will land on a lasagna section? What is the probability that Spinner B will land on a lasagna section? Explain why: c. What spinner would you choose if your favorite lunch is hot dogs? Explain why: 53
4ACE Exercise Investigation 4. Some genetic traits are gender-linked. These traits are more prevalent in people of one gender than the other. For example, color blindness is far more common in men than in women. About 7% of the U.S. male population either cannot distinguish red from green, or sees red and green differently from most people. Red-green color blindness affects only 0.4% of U.S. females. About 550 males and 600 females attend a middle school. How many males and females total do you predict have red-green color blindness? HINT How many of the 550 males at this middle school do you predict will have redgreen color blindness? HINT How many of the 600 females at this middle school do you predict will have red-green color blindness? 54
Unit Test 4. A bag contains one green marble, two yellow marbles, four blue marbles, and five red marbles. Marble Color green Number in Bag 1 yellow blue red 4 5 a. What is the probability of randomly drawing a blue marble from the bag? a. What is the total number of marbles in the bag? a. How many of the marbles are blue? a. What is the probability of drawing a blue marble from the bag? b. If you double the number of green, yellow, blue, and red marbles in the bag, what will be the probability of drawing a blue marble? a. Make a new chart to show the number of marbles in the bag if the number of each color is doubled. Marble Color green yellow blue red a. What is the total number of marbles in the bag now? a. How many of these marbles are blue? Number in Bag 4 a. What is the probability of drawing a blue marble from the bag? 55
Unit Test (continued) c. Compare your answers for part (a) and (b). c. Is the probability of randomly drawing a blue marble from the bag the same or different in parts (a) and (b)? c. Explain. d. How many blue marbles would you need to add to the original bag of 1 marbles [see part (a)] to make the probability of drawing a blue marble? HINT Remember, for whatever number of blue marbles you add to the bag, you increase your total number of marbles by that same amount. c. Explain your reasoning. For example, if you add blue marbles, you would have 6 blue marbles in the original bag and 14 total marbles. The probability of randomly drawing a blue marble would be 6 or 4.9%. 14 56