EMPURAU PROJECT DEVELOPMENT OF SUSTAINABLE MALAYSIAN MAHSEER/EMPURAU/KELAH AQUACULTURE Presented at BioBorneo 2013 19-20 February, 2013 Magellan Sutera Harbour, Sabah
Content Background Objective Scope Project team Specific projects Output
BACKGROUND Bengkel Pelan Strategik Penyelidikan Empurau/Kelah (Tor tambroides) Malaysia, 19-21 Julai, 2011 in Sarawak 30 empurau researchers from USM, UPM, UMT, UNISEL, UITM, JPS, DOF, ABI, FRI, PPA Perlok presented and contributed to the Strategic Plan Initiatives of Malaysian Mahseers Issues, challenges and gaps in empurau researches
Food fish Fish is a main source of animal protein and is important in the diet of majority of the population in Southeast Asia Demand for food fish likely to increase over the years inc pop and health attributes Total fish food consumption (million tonnes) 7.6 9.8 3.1 Africa 70.5 15.2 0.8 North and Central America South America Europe Oceania Asia
Aquaculture Accelerated expansion of aquaculture due to demand for food fish and depletion of marine natural stocks Malaysia targets aquaculture production of 727,300 tonnes with a value of RM7 billion to be achieved by year 2015. 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 World fisheries and aquaculture production (Million Tonnes) Capture Aquaculture
Food Security Fisheries play a significant role in regional food security and at the same time contributing to our economies and social well-being. Economies Social wellbeing Food fish Food Security
Malaysian Mahseer Member of the family Cyprinidae Tor tambroides and Tor douronensis Nomenclature Locally known as kelah in Semenanjung, Empurau in Sarawak and Pelian in Sabah Geographical distribution Widely distributed in Asia, in the Himalayan and in particular, South East Asia region Habitat Range from mountainous streams and rivers, to fast flowing rivers in the plain Prefer clear swift flowing waters with stony, pebbly rock bottom
Habitat
ECONOMIC VALUE Outstanding game provide recreation activity to anglers Potential in aquaculture and increased interest in aquarium trade Economic importance of Tor Support natural fishery in the major riverine system Highly esteemed food fish fetches high market price
Problem Statement Under threat of extinction Overfishing (angling, sport) Environmental degradation (logging deforestation) Production does not meet market demand Cultured Inconsistent quality of gametes produced Slow growth in captivity
Objectives To develop efficient and sustainable breeding program for Malaysian Mahseer To develop specialized feeds for Malaysian Mahseer as food fish (formulations for different phases of life cycle) To produce 400 domesticated brood stocks and 1 million fry by 2015
Research scope Mitogenome DNA Sex Marker Spawning, hatching & survival rate Genetic Egg quality Transcriptomic Proteomic Metabolomics Reproduction Flesh quality and functionality Nutrition Broodstock baseline data for reproduction Growth rate Immunity LTTASB fish feed formulation Probiotic Herbal medicated feed
Project Team ABI Egg quality traits Probiotics Flesh quality and functionality Resource Centre: DOF (Sabah), PPA Perlok & IFRPC, Tarat Production of fingerling Technology transfer UMT Brood stock baseline data on reproduction Nutrition UiTM Mitogenomic study Establishment of genomic data LTTASB Growth related nutrition Spawning, hatching and survival FRI DNA Sexing Herbal medicated feed
Key Milestones 2013 2015 2015 2013 2014 3 Hatcheries Facilities established Basic biological/ecological info determined Genomic database of Malaysian Mahseer developed Feeding protocols and formulations established Flesh quality and functionalities verified Malaysian Mahseer Reference Centres established Rapid detection kit for sexing of Malaysian Mahseer developed Broodstock management system established Effective population size in breeding program increased to Ne = 400
ABI (Egg quality) Biomarkers discovery for Egg Quality Related Trait in Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides) Objectives: To identify and discover gene associated with egg quality in Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides) To establish biomarkers for egg quality in Malaysian Mahseer (Tor tambroides)
ABI (Probiotics) Characterization of Bacteria Isolated from Tor tambroides and their Potential Use as Probiotics Objectives: To isolate and identify bacteria from Tor tambroides To evaluate the safety of bacteria isolated To develop feed with probiotics for Tor tambroides To evaluate viability of probiotics in feed
ABI (Flesh quality & functionality) Quality and Functionality of Wild and Captive Mahseer flesh Objective: To determine the quality and functionality of wild and captive mahseer flesh including immunomodulatory, ACE inhibitory,antioxidant etc
UMT Tor tambroides broodstock maturation and breeding performance through dietary approach Objectives: To establish baseline data for Tor tambroides broodstock conditioning To produce high quality Tor tambroides broodstock under captive condition through dietary enhancement To develop protocols for Tor tambroides broodstock development, maturation and breeding performance
UiTM Genome-Wide Genetic Marker Discovery And Genotyping Of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor Spp.) Objectives: To sequence whole genome of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor spp.) using Next Generation Sequencing Technology To provide an accession id for mitochondrial genome of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor spp.) in gene bank database To develop DNA barcoding marker and furnish data in BOLD system To study genetic variability of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor spp.) for population study using microsattelite and new biomarker
FRI (DNA Sexing) Gender Determination of Malaysian Mahseer (Tor spp.) Using DNA Markers And DNA Biosensor Technology Objectives: To establish a rapid DNA isolation method from Malaysian Mahseer To identify gender specific DNA markers in Malaysian Mahseer To develop portable DNA based electrochemical biosensors/test kits for rapid identification of gender of Malaysian Mahseer
FRI (Herbal medicated feed) Alternative medication using local herb as feed additive for Malaysian Mahseer Objectives: To determine the effect of alternative herb-based extracts as feed additive to enhance growth and immunity against diseases To determine the optimal application regime using alternative herb-based medication feed
LTTASB Production enhancement and improved technology for Empurau aquaculture for the high value/luxury end of the table fish market Objectives: Growth optimization of RAS-farmed grow-outs fed LTTASB s proprietary fish feed formulation and effect of supplementation with growth hormone. To improve the rates of spawning, egg hatching and fingerling survival
Output No. Output Organizations involved Date completed 1. Basic biological/ecological information 2. Flesh quality and functionalities determined 3. Nutrient requirements and feeding protocols (including local ingredients, immunity against diseases) for larvae, grow-out and broodstock established. 4. Genomic database established and marker assisted selection determined. 5. Rapid detection kit for sexing of Malaysian Mahseer 6. Broodstock management system established 7. 1 million fry successfully produced. UMT & LTT 31/12/13 ABI 31/12/13 FRI, UMT, LTT & ABI 30/06/14 UiTM & ABI 31/12/14 FRI 31/12/15 LTT & Resource Centre 30/06/15 Resource Centre 30/09/15
Resource Centre Development of brood stock: IFRPC : 200 brood stocks PPA Perlok : 100 brood stocks LTTASB : 100 brood stocks Production of fingerling: IFRPC : 500,000 tails LTTASB : 300,000 tails PPA Perlok : 150,000 tails DOF Sabah : 50,000 tails
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