RUN JUMP THROW
CHAPTER 7: KEY IDEAS Throwing activities can be divided into the following sub-groups: pushing activities which lead to shot put pulling activities which lead to javelin throw slinging activities which lead to discus throw heaving activities which lead to hammer throw THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES TO ENCOURAGE transfer of weight from back foot to front foot, and from low to high a wide-based stance makes this easier the left foot and shoulder lead the movement all the time feet and legs first chest to front second, before the arm comes in, last and fast release high against a braced left side (or right) throw high in order to go far keep the feet on the ground SAFETY PRINCIPLES check all equipment is safe allow space between throwers retrievers may be out in front of throwers only when large or small light balls are used retrievers should hold on to the balls until the signal is given to roll the ball back to their partner for all other activities including soft shots, heavy small balls, shots, discus, the following system should be used: throwers must throw from behind a line and only on a signal from the coach when everyone has thrown, the coach then signals the group to retrieve their implements the implements are carried back to the throwing area, they are never thrown back When shot or discus are used, there should be a clearly defined throwing area and the site should be located so that even the most erratic throw will not endanger others: when not throwing, all athletes should remain behind and well clear of the throwing area only those officials/coaches engaged in measuring a throw or retrieving an implement should be in front of the thrower they should remain vigilant at all times = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 79
ADAPTING FACILITIES Throwing Grid this allows maximum participation remember to follow the safety principles LEVEL 1: 6 8 YEARS Pushing Activities LARGE BALL ACTIVITIES WITH TWO HANDS Seated practise hand position and chest push throw first without balls fingers pointing slightly inwards and elbows high Kneeling all the activities as for seated kneel up, off heels to show that throws go further from a higher platform chest push throw for distance encourage full extension of arms, not just a flick off the wrist chest push throw at wall, above line drawn at shoulder height to give 45 degree path to give a release angle of approx. 45 use a medium size soccer ball or netball (size 4) Standing front-on feet side by side, legs straight and push throw (a) feet side by side, bend knees and push throw (b) straighten knees then push out keep feet on the ground chest push throw for height chest push throw into hoop See-It-Go push throw for distance or into hoop throws should go even further from a higher platform 80 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
with left foot forward (or right) to show the braced left (or right) side it is good to alternate the leg which is placed forward start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement Standing front-on feet side by side, legs straight and push throw (a) strong use of throwing arm feet side by side, bend knees and push throw (b) straighten knees then push keep feet on the ground with left foot forward (or right) (c) it is good to alternate the leg which is placed forward start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement BEAN BAG / SOFT SHOT ACTIVITIES WITH ONE HAND Seated, then kneeling push throw for distance push throw at wall as with large ball push throw for height push throw into hoop hold bean bag/soft shot under chin with elbow high free arm is raised and slightly bent in front of chest, it pulls to the left side and held strong as the push is made, but the left shoulder must not drop ensure movement is forward from the chin, if hand drops back it is a pull PULLING/THROWING ACTIVITIES Large Ball Activities with two hands Seated soccer throw-in use a medium size soccer ball or netball (size 4) hold elbows high = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 81
Kneeling soccer throw-in encourage a full arm extension to give a release angle of approx. 30 36 start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement Standing soccer throw-in (L or R foot forward) weight on back foot to start Standing transfer weight to front foot on throw all children should practise using either foot forward small ball (or beanbag) throw over rope or bar (L or R foot forward) use a skipping rope or tape or elastic and high jump standards (or similar) rope at about 30-40 above shoulder height or throw above line on wall start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement BEANBAG / SMALL BALL ACTIVITIES WITH ONE HAND Standing small ball throw (L or R foot forward) weight on back foot to start, then transfer weight to front foot on throw throwing with elbow high, palm to sky encourage full use of arm from shoulder (not just a wrist flick) or throw at target on wall stress the high elbow action as it follows the chest, but leads the hand there is evidence to suggest that it is good for all children to practise using either arm 82 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
LEVEL 2 : 8 10 YEARS Pushing Activities (Revise Level 1 activities as necessary) because of the different rates of physical development many of the Level 1 activities will still need to be taught revision of large ball activities ensures that correct movements are remembered For some diagrams, check Level 1. Standing front-on feet side by side, bend knees and push throw for distance or into hoop (a) with left foot forward (or right) (b) with left foot forward (or right) (b) straighten knees then push out keep feet on the ground to show the braced left (or right) side LARGE BALL ACTIVITIES WITH TWO HANDS Seated, kneeling then standing, front-on (feet side by side) chest push throw for distance chest push throw at wall, above line drawn at shoulder height to give 45 path chest push throw for height chest push throw into hoop check hand position, fingers pointing slightly inwards and elbows high use a soccer ball or netball (size 5) encourage full extension of arms not just a flick off the wrist to give a release angle of approx. 45 kneel up off heels a progression to show that throws go further from a higher platform start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement Kneeling on one knee kneel on right knee, turn torso to side while holding ball in front of face, chest to front then push out reverse knee for left hander, but encourage children to practise both sides chest to front first, then arms full extension of the arms and SEE-IT-GO = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 83
Standing side-on practise side-on position and transfer of weight to front check feet position, right foot pointed 135 from direction of throw ensure front foot turns fully to the front when the weight is transferred legs straight (a), transfer weight, chest to front and push legs hips chest arms as above, take weight on bent back leg (b), transfer weight, chest to front and push transfer weight onto braced left (or R.) side low to high, arm last and fast SOFT SHOT ACTIVITIES WITH ONE HAND Front-on practise holding the soft shot progress through seated to kneeling to standing with feet side by side push soft shot for distance push soft shot for height push soft shot into hoop place the soft shot at the base of the first three fingers with the thumb and little finger providing support at the side the soft shot should be placed under the chin with the elbow held high clean palm dirty fingers dirty neck free arm is raised and slightly bent in front of chest, it pulls to the left side and held strong as the push is made, shoulders remain square ensure movement is forward from the chin, if hand drops back it is a pull distance should increase as platform becomes higher remember to keep the release angle at approx. 45 Standing front-on feet side by side, bend knees and push out (a) with left foot forward (or right) and push out (b) start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) extra power from the legs should further increase the distance keep feet on the ground it is good to alternate the leg which is placed forward to show a braced left (or right) side to give more movement 84 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
Kneeling on one knee kneel on right knee, turn torso to side while holding soft shot under chin, chest to front and push out reverse positions for left handed, but encourage children to use both sides chest to front first, then arm pull free arm to left side and hold strong as push is made, shoulders remain square PULLING/THROWING ACTIVITIES Large Ball Activities with two hands seated, kneeling, then standing front-on with left foot forward soccer throw-in (refer back to level 1) revision of large ball activities is always necessary use a soccer ball or netball (size 5) hold elbows high encourage a full arm extension to give a release angle of approx. 30 36 Standing side-on practise side-on position and transfer of weight to front check feet position, right foot pointed 135 from direction of throw feet should be slightly wider than shoulder width soccer throw-in, enforced L. foot lead (unless L. handed) legs straight (a), transfer weight, chest to front and push take weight on bent back leg (b), transfer weight, chest to front and push strong leg-hip movement as weight is transferred, low to high chest to front before arm pushes keep the left side braced arm is last and fast follow arm through, SEE-IT-GO do this throw from behind a line on the ground. all children should practise using either foot leading start with feet side by side, 3 steps and throw, i.e. L-R-L rhythm is one-two-throw = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 85
Small Ball Activities with one hand standing (L. foot forward) ball throw (refer back to Level 1) throwing elbow high and close to body, palm to sky encourage full use of arm from shoulder (not just a wrist flick ) standing ball throw over rope or bar use a skipping rope or tape or elastic and high jump standards rope or bar about 2 metres high i.e. approx. 30-40 above there is evidence to suggest that it is good for all children to practise using either arm rebound throw as above, from a 3 step approach all one hand activities (not thrown at walls) can be repeated with a vortex ball or other modified equipment SLINGING ACTIVITIES Preparatory Movement Activities as above but aim to hit target over the bar use a flat target stand with arms outstretched at shoulder level and palms of hands facing down, taking tiny steps go round in a circle on the spot make hands move as far away from your body as possible 3 step approach to throw for distance or throw over a bar standing throw at target on wall start with feet side by side, step L, step R, step L and throw (see large ball activities) this time start with arms hanging limply by sides and then go round in a circle as above ask what happens to your arms? they should move up until they are outstretched at shoulder level standing ball throw at wall to rebound for distance to encourage a stronger throwing action to measure distance of rebound and try to improve stand with arms outstretched at shoulder level and palms of hands facing down, take small jumps and go round in a circle on the spot discuss what is needed to stay well balanced i.e. head high and shoulders level stand as above and this time try to make a full turn with one jump to show how one arm has to swing ahead to enable the turn to be made 86 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
stand as above, then swing one arm across the body first at a constant speed then try faster and slower this is to practise the slinging movement remember to try with the other arm as well angle of arm at release should be 32 36 kneel and sling object swing one arm backwards while the other swings forward to contrast the above action with an incorrect swinging movement QUOIT OR SAND-TUBE ACTIVITIES hold a quoit with your throwing hand, swing your arm so that it goes upward when you release the object hold the nearest side of the quoit with the palm down (diagram on next page) to show that a forward and upward swing is not suitable other objects such as a sandtube or sand-filled rubber glove could be used revise a sideways slinging movement of the arm if children do not realise that this is the movement to use note that the hip on the throwing side will turn in preparation and then thrust forward as the throw is made standing, feet side by side, sling object torso and arm will turn to the side in preparation practise side-on position and transfer of weight to front the same leg movements as in soft shot activities feet should be slightly wider than shoulder width standing side-on, legs straight, transfer weight, chest to front and sling remember, order is, legs first then chest then arm, low to high standing side-on, take weight on bent back leg, transfer, chest to front and sling arm is last and fast follow through, SEE-IT-GO sit front-on, and sling the object, the arm will have to swing back first use a long throwing arm if a scooping action develops, revise the basic arm movement without an object note that the torso will also turn to the side as the arm goes back = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 87
LEVEL 3 : 10 13 YEARS PUSHING ACTIVITIES (Revise Level 2 activities as necessary) because of the different rates of physical development many of the Level 2 activities will still need to be taught where faults develop, it is important to go back to the basics progression through the early activities should be faster For diagrams, see Level 2. Below is a list of the basic sequence of skills progression in Level 2 with large balls. LARGE BALL ACTIVITIES WITH TWO HANDS seated check full arm extension kneeling check angle of release is 45 standing front-on (feet side by side) with straight legs front-on (feet side by side) bend knees and push front-on with left foot forward (or right) remember to keep feet on the ground start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) practise with either foot forward standing, side-on with legs straight weight on bent back knee as above, but take away non-dominant hand transfer of weight must be correct transfer onto a braced left (or R.) side starting to progress to one-hand pushes SOFT SHOT ACTIVITIES WITH ONE HAND Early Progressions practise holding the soft shot check diagram in Level 2 progress through seated to kneeling standing front-on (feet side by side) with straight legs front-on (feet side by side) bent knees and push check soft shot is held under the chin and hand does not drop back needs a powerful drive from the legs, but feet stay on the ground front-on (feet side by side) start with straight legs, bend knees and twist upper body to side before pushing out only use upper body chest first, then arm arm last and fast remember to keep the release angle at approx 45 kneeling on one knee, turn torso to side, chest to front then push out as above, but take away non-dominant hand ensure chest is to front before arms are used starting to progress to one-hand pushes front-on with left foot forward (or right) practise with either leg forward, to show the braced left (or right) side 88 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
start with feet side by side, step forward with left foot (or right) to give more movement kneeling on right (or left) knee, turn torso to side, chest to front then push out it is very important that the chest is to the front before the arm is used Standing Put chin-knee-toe stand side-on with weight on bent back leg as in previous skill practice check feet position, right foot pointed 135 from direction of throw turn torso towards rear, with free arm coming across the body chin-knee-toe in a line the power position Standing side-on practise side-on position and transfer of weight to front check feet position, right foot pointed 135 from direction of throw transfer weight, chest to front and push out check that the transfer of weight is onto a braced left side body LOW to HIGH arm LAST and FAST make-a-bow and SEE-IT-GO go back to earlier stages, including two-handed pushes if the athlete does not See-it-go feet should be slightly wider than shoulder width legs straight (a), transfer weight, chest to front and push strong leg to hip movement as weight is transferred take weight on bent back leg (b), transfer weight, chest to front and push out chest to front before arm pushes keep the left side braced arm is last and fast follow arm through, see it go = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 89
Side-on Shuffle Put stand side-on with feet just under shoulder width apart, both knees bent (a) soft shot or shot held under chin and free arm in front of body, torso turned toward rear encourage a full arm extension to give a release angle of 30 36 step in the direction of the throw with the front foot (b) the rhythm is the same as a slip step now bring the back foot to the front foot and when it lands, immediately move the front foot into the chin-knee-toe power position (c-d) check feet are in the power position (d) soccer throw-in, enforced L foot lead (unless L hander) do this throw from behind a line on the ground all children should practise using either foot leading start with feet side-by-side, step L step R step L throw transfer weight, chest to front and push out (e-h) body LOW to HIGH, onto a braced left side, arm LAST and FAST Small Ball Activities with one hand ACTIVITIES WITH SMALL SHOT ALL soft shot activities can be repeated with the correct size of small shot for the correct size shot see the Appendix DO NOT progress to using a shot if the basic movement patterns are incorrect and need further development be aware of the danger of using the traditional small shots as these require meticulous supervision for safety SEE SAFETY GUIDELINES AT THE BEGINNING OF THIS CHAPTER standing (L foot forward) ball throw (refer back to Level 1 and Level 2) throwing elbow high and close to the body, palm to sky encourage full use of arm from shoulder standing ball throw over rope or bar use a skipping rope or tape or elastic and high jump standards rope or bar at approx. shoulder height emphasise holding elbow high and follow through of arm PULLING / THROWING ACTIVITIES Large Ball Activities with two hands seated, kneeling, then standing front-on with the left foot forward soccer throw-in revision of large ball activities is always necessary use soccer ball or netball (size 5) hold elbows high as previous but aim to hit a target over the bar use a flat target 90 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
3 step approach to: throw for distance or throw over bar start with feet together, step L, step R, step L and throw (see Large Ball Activities) 3 step approach with long arm to start: start with feet side by side but with throwing arm extended behind the body and torso turned slightly to the side feet sequence is the same as the previous drill hand must be above the shoulder and palm to sky lead with chest, then elbow arm pulls through on last stride, keep elbow high and close to the head rebound throw as above from a 3 step approach standing ground, wall, rebound throws for distance emphasise holding elbow high and follow through of arm as above from a 3 step approach all one hand activities (not thrown at walls) can be repeated with a vortex ball or other modified equipment standing throw at target on wall SLINGING ACTIVITIES standing ball throw at wall to rebound for distance to encourage a stronger throwing action measure distance of rebound and try to improve Preparatory Movement Activities stand with arms outstretched at shoulder level and palms of hands facing down, then practise swinging one arm across the body Revise the early movement activities from Level 2 as necessary. practise at different speeds try with the other arm as well this is the basis of the slinging movement swing one arm backwards while the other swings forwards. to show an incorrect slinging movement = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 91
QUOIT OR SAND-TUBE ACTIVITIES hold a quoit with your throwing hand, swing your arm so that it goes upward when you release the object to show that a forward and upward swing is not suitable other objects such as a sandtube or sand-filled rubber glove could be used this time swing the arm so that the object travels forward revise a sideways slinging movement of the arm if children do not realise that this is the movement to use kneel and sling the object note that the hip on the throwing side will turn in preparation and then thrust forward as the throw is made standing, feet side by side, sling object standing side-on (feet as in diagram), take weight on bent back leg, transfer, chest to front and sling feet should be slightly wider than shoulder width remember order is, legs first then chest then arm arm is last and fast follow arm through, SEE-IT-GO try slinging the quoit again, first release it too soon, then take your arm too far across and release it late to show that the point of release should be directly in front of the throwing shoulder to show that the point of release should be directly in front of the throwing shoulder sit front-on, and sling the object, the arm will have to swing back first use a long throwing arm if a scooping action develops, revise the basic arm movement without an object angle of arm at release should be 32 36 92 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
Introducing Discus Gripping and holding practice hold the discus lightly in the hand with the end joints of the fingers wrapped over the rim, hold it by the side of the body on a straight arm or a quoit may be held in the discus grip the discus is a rotational implement and is extremely dangerous do not allow anybody to stand in front of the throwing area or near the thrower always collect the discus together as a group as above but throw the discus forward first before letting it land to roll check there is a good spin off the forefinger as above but throw the discus up in the air and watch it land and roll forwards make sure that the discus lands on its rim and rolls forwards Drills to Practise the Swing: stand with left foot in front, swing the arm holding the discus in front of the body and back again keep hand as far away from body as possible standing with opposite foot forward, swing the discus forward and back, but do not release it the discus is swung on a straight arm support the discus with the non-throwing hand by the shoulder (a), take the discus off the support and with a long-arm swinging action, take it as far back as possible (b) and then back to the support the discus will stay firmly in the hand so long as the hand doesn t stop moving transfer weight onto back foot and back to front foot as the arm swings The Release: hold the discus vertically, in front of the body and supported by the non-throwing hand, squeeze upward with the little finger so that the discus rolls out of the hand across the forefinger step into a lunge as the discus is released note carefully the direction of the spin away from the athlete the discus should land on its rim and roll forward = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 93
STANDING THROW SIDE ON stand with feet in side-on position, weight on bent back leg check feet are correct, right foot pointed 135 from direction of throw throwing arm extended behind body (as (b) above) immediately start the throw with a vigorous leg and hip drive, keep the throwing arm extended (c-d) order is: legs chest to front arm last and fast keep shoulders level when torso is to the front and weight transferred, sling the discus out at 32 36 (e) check the discus spins off the forefinger and rotates (clockwise for right-handers) follow it through: SEE-IT-GO check it is a sling, not a scoop transfer weight onto front foot and support discus on non-throwing hand by shoulder (a) see diagram under Drills transfer weight onto back foot with throwing arm extended behind body (b) the discus will stay in the hand as long as the hand doesn t stop moving 94 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
HEAVING ACTIVITIES kneeling, place hands slightly under a large ball, with thumbs towards direction of throw and long arms balls can be caught by a partner when not weighted kneeling as above, lift the ball forward to a partner keep arms long in the lifting movement described as an underhand forward throw or heave standing as above, heave a large ball underhand as far as it will go look for full extension of legs and arms stand back to back with a partner, pick up a large ball and pass it backward overhead to him/her throw the ball backwards overhead, bend knees to prepare note the position of the back at the start kneeling, but face away from partner, lift the ball over the head to partner a backwards heave still kneeling and facing away from partner, heave the ball up and over one shoulder hands finishing above the head start with the ball held slightly to opposite side of throw standing feet side by side, pick up a large ball and heave it forward to your partner, think about what the legs do the legs should bend as the ball is picked up and the straightening of the legs should be the first action of the heave note the position of the back at the start standing feet side by side, heave a large ball over a shoulder, look at what happens to your feet, legs and body start with ball held slightly to opposite side of throw repeat over the other shoulder note that the chest, hips and feet should turn towards the landing area and the weight will transfer to the side of the shoulder being thrown over remember, the hands finish above the head heaving activities over a shoulder can be repeated using a ball in a supermarket bag, tied to give handles MEDICINE BALL ACTIVITIES all heaving activities can be repeated with light medicine balls these can range from 1kg to 3kg, depending on the size and ability of the child weighted balls should NEVER be caught children should be under strict control when throwing i.e. NO ONE allowed in the throwing area = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 95
Relays / Games for Throwing BEAN BAG / SOFT SHOT PUT teams of 4 6 children suitable for all levels each no. 1 has a shot and stands front-on, feet side by side they push throw the shot and score points, depending where it lands points are noted by a scorer on command, no. 1 s retrieve their shot and give them to no. 2 s the team with the highest score wins distances between lines and scores can be varied to suit the level and the type of throw lines can be painted or use wide canvas tape more suitable for a circuit type activity the height of the rope will depend on the type of push and the level VARIATIONS: all types of throws can be used, vary the distance to the bar and the height accordingly VARIATIONS: seated one-hand push throw, seated and standing two-hand push throw, overhead two-hand and one-hand throws, slings, heaves. PUSH THROW OVER THE ROPE teams of 4 6 children suitable for all levels use a two-handed push throw or one- handed, kneeling or standing front-on no. 1 pushes, retriever rolls ball back and runs to back of line, while first pusher goes out to retrieve count number of pushes over the rope in a set time THROW INTO BUCKET OR HOOP teams of 4 6 children suitable for Level 2 and 3, for Level 1 just use a hoop no. 1 throws, retriever rolls ball back and runs to back of line, while no. 1 goes out to retrieve points are noted by the scorer either: throw on command and points totalled for the team, or count points the team scores in a given time USE: kneeling or standing one-hand push throw or kneeling or standing one-hand overhead throw 96 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching
TEAM PUT FOR DISTANCE teams with any number of children, each team with a soft shot suitable for all levels quite a large space may be needed, depending on the size of teams no. 1 does a standing front-on put, no. 2 watches where it lands and stands there no. 1 retrieves the shot and gives it to no. 2 who then repeats the action repeat with all team members, the team with the greatest distance wins VARIATION: use a two-handed overhead throw (other throws may need too much space!) CARRY THEN THROW PUSH THROW teams of 4 6 children, each team with a large ball suitable for all levels teams lined up behind a starting line no. 1 runs with the ball to the throwing line, does a two-handed push pass to no. 2 and then runs to the back of the team no. 2 catches the ball and repeats the action repeat with all team members distance of throwing line will depend on the level BOB BALL PUSH THROW VARIATION: use a two-handed overhead throw teams of 4 6 children, each team with a large ball suitable for all levels one person out in front with a ball, behind a throwing line, the rest behind a team line the person out in front does a two-handed push pass to each child in turn, who passes back then bobs down when the last person receives the ball he/she runs out towards and around the front cone then stands ready to push, behind the throwing line meanwhile the first passer has run towards and around the back cone, then forward to the front of the team repeat through all the team BEAT THE BALL PUSH THROW teams of 3, the running team will need a baton or bean bag, the passing team, a large ball suitable for Levels 2 and 3 the passing team will sit inside the cones or markers the running team must run around the outside of the cones or markers either how many passes can be made while the other team completes a set number of laps or how many laps can be run in a set number of passes dropped passes do not count VARIATION: use a two-handed overhead throw VARIATION: standing push throw or seated or standing overhead throw = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching 97
CIRCLE PASS PUSH THROW continue until all have participated teams of 6 8 with about 4 large balls per team suitable for Levels 2 and 3 each team to make a circle by holding hands, then drop hands and step back if circle is too small no. 1 picks up the first ball and it is then passed around the circle the last person puts the ball down behind them the first team with all balls back and seated, wins VARIATION: use a two-handed overhead throw VARIATION: make a larger circle and use an overhead throw, pass in the other direction CIRCLE GAP PUSH THROW teams of 6 8 with 1 large ball per team suitable for Levels 2 and 3 each team make a circle about 20m in diameter no. 1 in the middle, throws the ball to no. 2 who throws it back and runs to the gap between no. 3 and 4 no. 1 repeats the throw to no. 2 and no. 2 continues until back to place with the ball no. 1 and 2 swap places and no. 2 in the middle repeats the throws with no. 3 TEAM TARGET THROWING teams of 4, using a one-hand push throw, aim at a target and attempt to hit it suitable for Levels 2 and 3 the target could be a large ball in a bag, attached to a high jump standard or a throwing cage target to be just over shoulder level team to stand behind a throwing line count number of hits in a set time VARIATION: one-hand overhead throw 98 = ACTIVITIES = TEACHING POINTS Run Jump Throw - Fundamental Athletics Coaching