Living with Wildlife A Guide to Co-Exisitng

Living with Wildlife A Guide to Co-Exisitng

Black Bears

Absolutely NO Attractants!! Bring Bird Feeders Inside Keep Recycling Bins/ BBQ Clean and Smell Free Keep Garbage Securely Locked or Indoors until collection No Pet Food Outside Bee Hives elevated off ground, and protected with electric fencing

Bear Attractants Green Carts Garbage Containers Garden Compost Bird Feeders Barbecues Pet Food Bowls Fruit Trees How to keep bears away store in a shed until pickup day put out on the morning of green cart pickup, NOT before clean with a solution of 1 part bleach to 9 parts water after every pickup freeze these and put them in the green cart just before pickup: meat, bones, fat, seafood shells rotting fruit fruit and vegetable waste such as peels, cores, rotting leaves store in a shed until pickup day put out on the morning of garbage pickup, NOT before stir often to help decomposition sprinkle lime on smelly compost leave these out meat, bones, fat, seafood shells avoid using bird feeders in bear season (April - October). Birds will be able to find natural sources of food at this time. a bird bath will attract birds, but not bears. burn off grill at high temperature after every use clean often cover when not in use keep indoors pick fruit as soon as it ripens pick fallen fruit off the ground

Beaver

The Lodge

Wrap Every Tree you want to keep! Damage usually done at night mesh no larger than 1.5-2 inches 30 inches high or even 48 inches consider snow depth any species may be taste tested a low electric fence running along the entire shoreline

Flow Leveling Device

What s NOT Legal Removing/damaging/pulling apart beaver dams or the lodge Altering the watercourse Machinery in the watercourse Trapping/Shooting beavers outside the fur season

What IS Legal Trapping Season Nov. 01- Mar 31 Hire a Nuisance Wildlife Operator year round Apply for a Beaver Dam Removal Permit from DOE required from Oct 1 to May 31 DNR required year round

White Tail Deer - Avoid Plants that Deer Eat - Use Blood Meal /Tankage - Deer (D-Fence) Netting - Motion Detector Water Hose

Key Tip - Do Not Feed Deer Avoid platform birdfeeders Do not put seeds on ground Feed birds sparingly

Mitigation Options SCARE DEVICES whirl-a-gigs, tin plates wind socks DVD or CD suspended by fishing line REPELLANTS Critter Ridder, Bobbex, Plantskyd Irish Spring/Zest soap hung every 1m 2 Bone/Blood meals

Mitigation Options cont. EXCLUSION Tall fences (min. 8 ft), tight to ground Electric fences

Mitigation Options cont. ANIMAL REMOVAL Hunting Season only Kill permits NOT issued by DNR Invite Cross bow hunters to work closer to homes Federal Firearms Regs distance from houses Rifle = 440 yds (402m) Bow = 200 yds (182m)

Plants they don t seem to like Trees Maples, Honey, Locust, Hawthorn, Oak, Birch, Ash, Douglas Fir, Bristlecone Pine, Colorado Blue Spruce, Austrian Pine, Mugo Pine, Canada Hemlock, Engelman Spruce. Shrubs Barberry, Juniper, Lilac, Mugo pine, Potentilla, Rubber Rabbitbrush, Spirea, Red Osier Dogwood, Mockorange, Fragrant Sumac, Common Buckthorn, Buffaloberry, Bridalwreath, Viburnum, Chokecherry, Currant, Elderberry, Gooseberry, Caragana. Vines Bittersweet, Clematis, Baltic Ivy, Honeysuckle. Perennials Columbine, Astilbe, Tickseed, Bee Balm, Blackeyed Susan, Bleeding Heart, Campanula, Catmint, Purple Coneflower, Gaillardia, Gayfeather, Bluestem Joe-Pye-Weed, Cranesbill Geranium, Foxglove, Dianthus, Hellebore, Bugbane, Sunflower, Canytuft, Iris, Japanese Anemone, Lavender, Lupine, Monkshood, Pearly Everlasting, Penstemont, Peony, Poppy, Lungwort, Daffodil, Goldenrod, Speedwell, Yucca, Yarrow, Salvia, Russian Sage, Dedum, Shasta Daisy. Ground Covers Carpet Bugle, Lily-of-the-Valley, Periwinkle, Pachysandra, Lamb's Ears, Lamium, "Silver Brocade" Artemisia, Snowin-Summer, Thyme, Dead Nettle.

Raccoons

Other Harvestable Wildlife Property owners can: Live trap, or destroy without permits Hire a Nuisance Wildlife Operator Relocate min. 10 miles (16 km) from capture site

Eastern Coyote

Physical Characteristics Various colours possible Prime during late autumn Red, tawny, black

Coyote Weights in Nova Scotia (1990s) Average size of 15kg (34 lbs) Males can reach more than 23kg (50 lbs) Coyotes are very lean animals their thick coat makes them look heavier

Size of the Eastern Coyote

Coyote Or Dog?

Diet and Feeding Behaviour Carnivores, but will eat anything available including: - small mammals such as rodents and snowshoe hare - carrion (decaying carcasses) - berries and fallen tree fruit - garbage and compost - deer (all ages), sheep and lambs - feral and pet cats, dogs Usually hunt alone or in pairs, occasionally in small family groups

Coyote Territories 24 48 km 2 (9 19 mi 2 ) in Nova Scotia Can travel an average of 20 km/day (12.5 mi) Adult pair and their offspring travel together Transient If you remove one, another will quickly take its place

Behaviour Habituation (conditioning) to people caused by: direct or indirect feeding of coyotes frequent presence of non-threatening humans Result: coyotes can lose their fear of people

Causes for increased sightings and encounters

Safety tips Humans Appear large Throw objects (rocks) Carry a whistle/air horn Maintain eye contact Do not run Carry a walking stick Buddy system walk in pairs Pets Keep inside Fence off backyard Keep on leash Clean up food around yard

Summary IF YOU FEED THEM, THEY WILL COME