Appendix 1 Emergency Situation Assessment Emergency Situation Assessment In-coming mains electricity failure sites with generator backup Useful Information: Severity 2 Risk Rating Low / 10 Likelihood 5 and score Failure of the electricity supply has happened on a number of occasions with durations lasting up to a few days. Minor inconvenience as some areas may lose power and high electrical demand areas such as the laundry facility at Northgate may have to be partially shut down. The failure of the in-coming electricity supply will result in a short duration where complete lack of power will occur. This will last for around 10-15s until the backup emergency generation has started, during the power outage some systems will revert to a battery backup, this includes fire alarms, intruder alarms, staff attack system, emergency lights, phones, some IT equipment. The following areas have emergency generation: Northgate Hospital St Nicholas Hospital Ferndene Monkwearmouth Hospital Hopewood Park. Maintain the condition of the emergency generators. Ensure sufficient fuel is maintained on-site to power the generator for a sustained period of up to 5 days. Ensure staff are trained in starting the generators manually in the event of a start failure. Maintain battery backup systems to sensitive equipment. Attend site during a power failure. Have capability and a contract in place to bring on site a mobile generator if necessary. Under normal circumstances the failure of the in-coming mains electrical supply is not an emergency situation for those sites where the backup generator functions. For incoming mains power failures contact Northern Power grid on 0800 66 88 77 For backup emergency generator contact Aggreko on 08458 24 7 365 1
Risk Assessment: In-coming mains electricity failure sites without generator backup Severity 3 Risk Rating Likelihood 5 and score Moderate / 15 Failure of the electricity supply has happened on a number of occasions with durations lasting up to a few days. This will cause significant disruption to a service. Impact Assessment: The failure of the in-coming electricity supply will result in a loss of mains electricity within a building. This will impact on heating and hot water systems, power for catering and washing equipment etc. Some emergency services will revert to a battery backup, this includes fire alarms, intruder alarms, staff attack system, emergency lights, phones, some IT equipment. It should be noted that the emergency lights will fail after 3 hours and other systems will last for up to 24 hours. There is little that can be done to predict the location and duration of the mains failure. Properties will have their battery backup systems tested and maintained in accordance with good practice. Under normal circumstances a short term failure of the in-coming mains electrical supply is unlikely to create an immediate emergency situation. However, depending on a range of factors including type of occupancy, duration, time of year etc the building or service manager may wish to declare an emergency. For potentially long term power failure (determined after taking advice from Northern Power Grid) consider installation of a portable generator. Useful Information: For incoming mains power failures contact Northern Power grid on 0800 66 88 77 For backup emergency generator contact Aggreko on 08458 24 7 365 2
Risk Assessment: Local electricity failure to an individual building or part of a site Severity 3 Risk Rating Likelihood 3 and score Low / 9 A local failure of the electricity supply can happen, however the frequency is rare. Disruption could last for a few days. This will cause significant disruption to a service. Impact Assessment: Useful Information: The local failure of the in-coming electricity supply will result in a loss of mains electricity within a building or area of a site. This will impact on heating and hot water systems, power for catering and washing equipment etc. Some emergency services will revert to a battery backup, this includes fire alarms, intruder alarms, staff attack system, emergency lights, phones, some IT equipment. It should be noted that the emergency lights will fail after 3 hours and other systems will last for up to 24 hours. Safe systems of work will be in place to ensure accidental damage to cables is minimised. Properties will have their battery backup systems tested and maintained in accordance with good practice. Ring systems provide a greater degree of power resilience in the event of a cable fault. A local failure will not activate the emergency generator. Under normal circumstances a local failure of the mains electrical supply is an emergency situation that needs to be dealt with to prevent the escalation of the incident. The severity of the emergency depends on a range of factors including type of occupancy, duration, time of year etc the building or service manager may wish to declare an emergency at an early stage. The factors leading to the power failure may also create an emergency situation, e.g. damage to a cable, theft etc. For potentially long term power failure (determined after taking advice from Northern Power Grid) consider installation of a portable generator. For backup emergency generator contact Aggreko on 08458 24 7 365 3
Risk Assessment: Impact Assessment: Failure of a backup emergency generator during a mains failure. Severity 5 Risk Rating Low / 10 Likelihood 2 and score A failure of the electricity supply coupled with a failure of the backup emergency generator is possible but the occurrence is deemed to be rare. Disruption could last for just a few minutes or a few hours until either the generator is started or a replacement is brought to site. This will cause significant disruption to a service. A full site failure of the electricity supply will result in a loss of mains electricity within a site. This will impact on heating and hot water systems, power for catering and washing equipment etc. Some emergency services will revert to a battery backup, this includes fire alarms, intruder alarms, staff attack system, emergency lights, phones, some IT equipment. It should be noted that the emergency lights will fail after 3 hours and other systems will last for up to 24 hours. Maintain the condition of the emergency generators. Ensure sufficient fuel is maintained on-site to power the generator for a sustained period of up to 5 days. Ensure staff are trained in starting the generators manually in the event of a start failure. Maintain battery backup systems to sensitive equipment. Attend site during a power failure. Have capability and a contract in place to bring on site a mobile generator if necessary. Many buildings have direct generator connection points. This will be an emergency situation and prompt action is necessary. The factors leading to the power failure may also create an emergency situation, e.g. damage to a cable, fire, theft etc. For potentially long term power failure (determined after taking advice from Northern Power Grid) consider installation of a portable generator. Useful Information: For incoming mains power failures contact Northern Power grid on 0800 66 88 77 For backup generator contact Aggreko on 08458247 365 4
In-coming mains water failure Severity 4 Risk Rating Low / 8 Likelihood 2 and score Failure of the water supply has happened on a number of occasions with durations typically lasting a few hours, although a failure at Northgate Hospital lasted 3 days. Minor inconvenience in the short term as all hospital sites and most of the smaller community properties have at least 8 hours of water storage, which can be extended with water rationing. Some areas such as the laundry facility at Northgate may have to be partially shut down to conserve water. A mains water failure will have a delayed impact due to the storage capacity on site. When the stored water runs out this will escalate to an emergency situation as the impact will be on toilet flushing, hand washing, bathing, food preparation, cleaning, steam systems, drinking water etc. The details of the failure should be ascertained from Northumbrian water at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Maintain the condition of the site water storage tanks and ensure sufficient capacity is retained for emergency use. Maintain access for emergency tanker deliveries direct into water storage tanks, Useful Information: Northumbrian water have the details of all hospital sites. In an emergency situation they will prioritise tanker deliveries of water to hospital sites. They can also arrange for bottles of water for drinking to be delivered to drop off points on the hospital. For problems with water or sewerage contact Northumbrian Water Leaks 0800 393 084 Sewerage system floods 0800 328 7648 5
Local mains water failure Severity 3 Risk Rating Low / 9 Likelihood 3 and score Localised failure of the water supply has happened on a number of occasions with durations typically lasting a few hours. Minor inconvenience in the short term, however this will escalate to a major inconvenience within a few hours. A localised mains water failure will have an immediate impact due to limited storage within buildings. This will escalate to an emergency situation as the impact will be on toilet flushing, hand washing, bathing, food preparation, cleaning, steam systems, drinking water etc. The estates department can repair leaks / fractured pipes. The details of the failure should be ascertained at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Monitor site water consumption on an on-going basis and trend night time flow rates to determine if leaks exist and repair as necessary. Maintain equipment on site to fix burst mains or fractured pipes. The Trust can purchase bottles water relatively easily from suppliers for drinking purposes. Useful Information: For major failure Northumbrian water have the details of all hospital sites and in an emergency situation they will prioritise tanker deliveries of water to hospital sites. They can also arrange for bottles of water for drinking to be delivered to drop off points on the hospital. For problems with water or sewerage contact Northumbrian Water. Leaks 0800 393 084 Sewerage system floods 0800 328 7648 6
Water contamination Severity 5 Risk Rating Likelihood 1 and score Low / 5 Contamination of the incoming water supply is unlikely The details of the failure should be ascertained from Northumbrian water at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Maintain the condition of the site water storage tanks and ensure sufficient capacity is retained for emergency use. Maintain access for emergency tanker deliveries direct into water storage tanks, If the Water Authority advises that the supply has been seriously contaminated or the tanks have been contaminated on site, it is important to: Isolate at the outgoing side of the storage tanks Drain the water supply mains via the fire hydrants Whilst informing all concerned in 5(a) above. If necessary delegate various staff to different telephones to inform all Wards/Departments concerned by working through the internal telephone directory as appropriate. Use bottled water for drinking Catering Manager to arrange additional supplies of bottled water Take advice on the nature of the contamination from the Water Authority and liaise with medical, nursing and control of infection staff. Samples from the storage tanks may be required for immediate analysis. If a contaminant can be identified and the manufacturer is known take advice from the manufacturer, preferably by e-mail. It may be necessary isolating the incoming and outgoing pipework of the storage tanks by disconnection and verifying the water quality before use. Take appropriate measures to decontaminate tanks and pipework and ensure quality tests are satisfactory before restoring the supply in conjunction with the advisory and statutory authorities. Northumbrian water have the details of all hospital sites. In an emergency situation they will prioritise tanker deliveries of water to hospital sites. They can also arrange for bottles of water for drinking to be delivered to drop off points on the hospital. 7
Useful Information: For problems with water or sewerage contact Northumbrian Water Leaks 0800 393 084 Sewerage system floods 0800 328 7648 Emergency Situation Assessment Failure of the sewerage and drainage systems Severity 4 Risk Rating Likelihood 2 and score Low / 8 Failure of the sewerage supply has happened on a number of occasions with durations typically lasting a few hours, although off site failures could potentially last longer. Minor inconvenience in the short term A sewerage system failure will have a delayed impact due to the small storage capacity within the drainage system on site. When the system reaches capacity this will escalate to an emergency situation as the impact could be on localised flooding, toilets / sanitary facilities unable to drain etc. The details of the failure should be ascertained from site investigations and if an off site problem is ascertained contact Northumbrian water at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. A foul drain failure could lead to land or river contamination from raw sewerage. Maintain the condition of the site drainage infrastructure ensuring gulley s are cleared. Carry out periodic CCTV surveys and ensure remedial work is undertaken. In an emergency situation such as a collapsed drain, consider bringing in a tanker to pump the sewerage away until the drain is repaired. For a site based issue in an emergency situation such as a collapsed drain, consider bringing in a tanker to pump the sewerage away until the drain is repaired. Useful Information: For problems with water or sewerage contact Northumbrian Water Sewerage system floods 0800 328 7648 8
In-coming mains gas failure sites with partial backup Severity 3 Risk Rating Low / 3 Likelihood 1 and score Failure of the in-coming gas main in a major conurbation is rare, consequently the risk of this occurring is low. For Hopewood Park and St Nicholas Hospital the main boilerplant can run on oil and sufficient storage of oil is maintained on site. St Nicholas Hospital has an interruptible gas contract which means the supply to the main boilers can be isolated with 4 hours notice. In these circumstances switchover to oil is necessary. At Ferndene heating can be provided by the air source heat pumps, however, there will be no hot water. A gas main failure is rare. In the context of SNH, Hopewood Park and Ferndene the impact will be minimised due to the backup systems. However, in each case their coverage is limited as follows: SNH Main boilerplant covers around 75% of the site, with many of the peripheral buildings having no backup HP Main boilerplant covers most of the Hopewood Park part of the site but not the Ryhope buildings such as the Grove etc Ferndene backup provides heating only. The details of the failure should be ascertained from National Grid at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Test the oil firing capabilities on a regular basis of the backup systems Retain sufficient fuel on site 9
Useful Information: Contact National Grid for gas emergencies on 0800 111 999 Emergency Situation Assessment In-coming mains gas failure sites / buildings without backup Severity 5 Risk Rating Low / 5 Likelihood 1 and score Failure of the in-coming gas main in a major conurbation is rare and consequently the risk of this occurring is low. With the exception of those sites with oil backup on central plant or those with heat pumps a gas main failure will impact on all sites, although due to the spread out nature of the Estate not all at once. A gas main failure is rare. In the context of SNH, Hopewood Park and Ferndene the impact will be minimised due to the backup systems. However, in each case their coverage is limited. A gas main failure will have significant impact on the running of the building, the scale of this will be dependant on factors such as the time of year and duration of the failure. The major impact will be no heating or hot water. The details of the failure should be ascertained from National Grid at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. A small amount of local electric heaters could be used in an individual building. However, this strategy is not suitable for large scale deployment as the electrical infrastructure would be overloaded. Useful Information: Contact National Grid for gas emergencies on 0800 111 999 10
Useful Information: Heating / hot water System Failure Severity 4 Risk Rating Low / 8 Likelihood 2 and score Failure of a buildings heating / hot water system can happen due to a range of factors including: BMS failure Gas valve tripped Pump problem Boiler problem A heating / hot water system failure will have a delayed impact due to the stored energy within the system. However, as the failure is usually reported when occupants notice it is either becoming cold or the hot water has run out, this delay benefit is usually minimised. A heating / hot water system failure will have a significant impact on the running of the building, the scale of this will be dependant on factors such as the time of year and duration of the failure. The major impact will be no heating or hot water. The details of the failure should be ascertained from at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Ensure plant is serviced and maintained in accordance with the PPM schedules and recognised good practice. Ensure relevant service contracts are in place. Ensure relevant spare parts are available. A small amount of local electric heaters could be used in an individual building. However, this strategy is not suitable for large scale deployment as the electrical infrastructure would be overloaded. Temporary mobile oil fired boilerplant could be utilised CWS Engineers Limited 0191 4690145 Empire Facilities Management 0191 2802675 Andrews Sykes 0800 211611 (boiler hire) 11
Gas Leak Severity 5 Risk Rating Likelihood 1 and score Low / 5 Gas leaks are rare, however the severity under the right circumstances can be significant. Although gas is now typically piped underground to many wards on various site, there is normally only a limited amount of gas pipework inside a building. The procedure for a building with gas inside will be displayed on a notice. Gas can leak from underground pipes and into buildings. When this occurs and there is a smell of gas. Gas explosions, whilst rare, can be catastrophic causing both explosion and fire. The details of the failure should be ascertained from National Grid at the earliest opportunity and the details passed up the chain of command. Plant and equipment to be fully serviced by qualified contractors, in accordance with legislation, manufacturers guidelines and any other relevant documentation. Open all doors and windows and ventilate the area Extinguish all naked lights Do not allow power or lighting points to be switched on or off Evacuate the premises if considered necessary Go to a telephone (not in the premises) and contact the duty officer The duty officer will contact the on call engineer who will action the work on site NB Any smell of gas on this site must be reported as an EMERGENCY 12
Useful Information: Contact National Grid for gas emergencies on 0800 111 999 13