Clam and Rat By: Maddie Bonifas
Clam (part 1)
Corbicula Fluminea (scientific name)
Circulatory System Major Organs Involved: Stomach Heart Arteries Veins Foot Gills Open Body Cavity
Functions Stomach: An important stop the blood makes on its journey. Also sends blood on its way through the arteries. Heart: where blood is made and sends it on its way. Heart pumps blood into its veins and arteries and either side of the organ. Artery to Foot: where blood is sent from the body to the open body cavity in the foot. The blood pools when it gets to the open body cavity. Vein from Foot: the veins carry the blood from the open body cavity back through the body. Eventually blood gets to heart and pools around the organ.
Functions (part 2) Gills: blood also pools around the gills, because this is where the blood is collected from to the heart. Both deoxygenated and oxygenated blood hangs out at the gills and is the last stop to the heart. Open Body Cavity: this is obviously where the blood is released into and hangs out. Basically a storage space for the circulatory system in the clam.
Open Circulatory System The clam has an open circulatory system which is different than a lot of other organisms like humans. Humans have closed circulatory system and clams have open, which means that there are less veins and arteries in the clam containing the blood all the time. In the functions of the organs in the slides before it says that blood pools around organ. That s what an open circulatory system really means. Also since there aren t as many veins and arteries as other organisms and blood pools, it causes the circulation to be very low pressure unlike a human s which is very high pressure.
Gas Transportation Clams have tubes called siphons that bring water in and out of the body (through the gills) so they get oxygen and can rid of carbon dioxide. Just like humans they take in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide.
Waste Transportation Has an excretory system with an anus. There is an organ called the nephritis that rids of waste. So they also are sort of like humans here, they consume food and poop it out.
Adaptations Ectothermic - this means that they use heat acquired from the environment to regulate their inner body temperature. Their Siphons - these help with gas regulation but they also can shoot water out out of these. Shell - a home and protection. Foot - helps with fast transportation. Burrowing - an action the clam can do with its foot and siphons where it burrows itself in the ground under the sand.
Advantages because of these With all of these adaptations the clam can protect itself from predators and defend itself from predators. Also survive in its environment by staying warm in cold temperatures. Fast transportation and can catch prey easier.
Rat (part 2)
Rattus Norvegicus
Circulatory System Exactly alike to a human s circulatory system: Heart: blood is sent to body and lungs through the heart. Also where blood is made and distributed. Tail: special stop blood circulates to. Tail has many arteries and veins inside of it. Lungs: where blood gets oxygenated. Also a stop the blood circulates at/to. Extremities: arms and legs have to be circulated in order to function. Stops the blood circulates at. Arteries and Veins: arteries bring blood away from the heart and veins back to. Also they are the structures that make the blood flow and contain it.
Closed Circulatory System The rat is exactly like human almost and since humans have a closed circulatory rats do too. It means that they have more arteries and veins and blood does not pool anywhere. Also it is a higher pressure system so blood flows faster throughout the body.
Body Temperature Regulation The rat s tail which is very advanced is the function that regulates body temperature. The blood vessels inside the rat's tail can constrict or dilate depending on what temperature the body needs to be. The vessels swell and allow the body to change temperature. It's called vasodilation.
Gases Exchanged Since rats are exactly like humans, they breathe in oxygen and breathe out carbon dioxide. The lungs are the organ that can provide this function.
Waste Products Also exactly alike to humans is a rats excretory system. They have an anus and consume food orally.
Adaptations Thermoregulation - they use their tail for body temperature regulation. Their tails - can keep the rat balanced, allows and helps the rat squeeze through small spaces. Small, flexible bodies - fit in tiny spaces. Fast heartbeat - allows rat to run very fast and function better entirely. Teeth - helps them eat their food and can also protect them. Legs - are small and help them run very fast.
Adaptations because of these With these adaptations the rat can protect itself from predators by running away and squeezing through small spaces. Also if they may live in cold or hot environments they are able to self regulate their own.
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