D R A F T. Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target at the BL 13. Version 1.00

D R A F T Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target at the BL 13 Version 1.00 October 06, 2010

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 2 Table of Content Table of Figures 3 Update/Revision Procedure 4 1. Introduction. 5 2. General Comments for Gas Handling Procedures.. 6 3. Emergency Operation of the Target 6 A. Evacuation and Filling the Helium Buffer Volumes 15 A.1 Initial state of valves.. 15 A.2 Evacuation and filling the helium buffer volumes. 17 A.3 Final state of valves 18 B. Evacuation and Flushing of the Target and Lines with Hydrogen 20 B.1 Initial state of valves.. 20 B.2 Evacuation and flushing of the target and lines with hydrogen. 22 B.3 First time evacuation of the target vessel 22 B.4 Backfill of target cell with helium. 23 B.5 Second evacuation of target cell. 23 B.6 First backfill of target cell with hydrogen.. 23 B.7 Third evacuation of target cell 24 B.8 Second backfill of target cell with hydrogen.. 24 B.9 Fourth evacuation of target cell.. 24 B.10 Third backfill of target cell with hydrogen. 24 B.11 Final state of valves 26 C. Filling and Cooling the Target with Hydrogen 28 B.1 Initial state of valves.. 28 B.2 Filling and cooling the target with hydrogen. 30 B.3 Final state of valves 32 D. Warming up the Hydrogen Filled Target to Room Temperature. 34 C.1 Initial state of valves.. 34 C.2 Warming up the hydrogen filled target to room temperature.. 36 C.3 Final state of valves 37 E. Purging Hydrogen out from the Target Vessel and Filling the Lines with Helium. 39 D.1 Initial state of valves.. 39 D.2 Purging hydrogen out from the target vessel and filling the lines with helium 41 D.3 Pumping hydrogen out from the target vessel 41 D.4 Final state of valves 43 F. Change of Empty Hydrogen Gas Cylinder 45 E.1 Initial state of valves.. 45 E.2 Change of empty hydrogen gas cylinder 47 E.3 Final state of valves.. 49

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 3 Table of Figures Fig. 1. The LH 2 target cryostat and relief system... 7 Fig. 2. The target vacuum system.. 8 Fig. 3. The target gas handling system.. 9 Fig. 4. The target hydrogen supply manifold 10 Fig. 5. The helium manifold.. 11 Fig. 6. The argon manifold 12 Fig. 7. Legend for figures 1-6 13

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 4 Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target at the BL 13 Update/Revision Procedure The NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target Work Package Leader has a lead responsibility for initiating and coordinating reviews and updates to these operating procedures. 1. Minor administrative, organizational, and grammatical changes and error corrections etc. identified through a use of the procedures will be incorporated into the Procedures by the Team Leader. A summary of changes and revisions will be documented in the Change Log of this document. 2. Baseline changes or other major changes. If a baseline given in this document of the Procedures has been changed then the new procedure has to be approved as described in The Hydrogen Target Approvals. Revision Date Description of Change Pages Signature changed 0.00 10/6/10 Baseline draft n/a SePe

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 5 1. Introduction The object of these operating procedures is to guarantee a safe operation of the NPDGamma liquid hydrogen target at the BL 13. The Document?? defines target personnel, responsibilities, who authorizes personnel and work, and how to approve this document. The procedures of this document must be followed and defined tasks of this document can be performed only by authorized target specialist. The authorization is given by the responsible line manager as discussed in the Document. The operating procedures of this document are a part of the RSS 8305.0 Installation, Commissioning, and Operation of the NPDGamma Experiment at the FNPB. The NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target consists of 16 liters of liquid hydrogen at temperature of 17-18 K, relief system, vacuum system, gas handling system, and gas manifolds for hydrogen, helium, and argon, and associated instrumentation. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the target cryostat and relief system, figure 2 shows the target vacuum system, figure 3 shows the target gas handling system, figure 4 shows the H 2 manifold, and figure 5 shows the helium manifold. If hydrogen gas gets mixed with air, large amount of stored energy which can have very destructive consequences, can be released. To minimize the possibility of this occurrence, the target system has been designed and fabricated under quality assurance controls and then thoroughly tested, finally detailed operating procedures for safe operations of the system have been produced. Abbreviations: CCG Cold cathode gauge CKV Check valve FM Flow meter MP Mechanical pump P Pressure transducer or gauge PT Pressure transmitter PR Pressure regulator RD Rupture disk RV Relief valve RGA Residual gas analyzer TP Turpo pump TRAP LN 2 cold trap 2. General Comments for Gas Handling Procedures

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 6 The valves and components on the gas handling system have the following general numerical distinctions: the valves and components dealing with hydrogen are carrying 1xx, the valves and components related to the main vacuum carry 2xx, the second turbo station and RGA carry 3xx, 4xxs are used on the helium manifold, and 5xxs are used on the argon manifold. The first step in operating the target is the removal of air from the target and associated lines. To do this, the entire system is repeatedly evacuated and backfilled with helium gas to reduce a possibility of air and hydrogen mixture. Then the helium filled buffer volumes are valved off. This is described by procedure A. Evacuation and Filling of the Helium Buffer Volumes. Hydrogen gas maybe used for subsequent target vessel backfills. The procedure for purging the target cell is given in B. Evacuation and Flushing of the Target and Lines with Hydrogen. The target may be filled and cooled after it has been evacuated and purged. The cool down procedure is described in Procedure C. Filling and Cooling the Target with Hydrogen. Hydrogen from the hydrogen manifold is condensed in the target during a cool down. When the target vessel is full with liquid hydrogen and pressure regulated to 17~psig, the gas panel is valved off from both the hydrogen supply manifold and the target vessel. In a case of a possible leak the positive pressure prevents air flowing into the cryostat. A preset target temperature is maintained by two cryo coolers and the target vessel is only connected to its relief path. 3. Emergency Operation of the Target In the event of a power failure, vacuum failure, or refrigeration failure, the liquid hydrogen in the target will warm up and start to evaporate and thus create a potentially hazardous hydrogen pressure in the target vessel and exhaust lines. The relief valve RV104 (see Fig. 1.) in the relief chamber provides for the hydrogen gas a safe relief path to the venting system which conducts safely the hydrogen to the outside of shed. RV104 is set to at a pressure of 30 psia. The next level of safety is the rupture disc RD101 which will burst at a pressure of 39 psid. A parallel vent path through V130 is used to manually discharge the target against 2 psid of helium gas in the relief chamber connected to the vent stack through check valve CKV101.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 7 Fig. 1. The LH 2 target cryostat and relief system.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 8 Fig. 2. The target vacuum system.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 9 Fig. 3. The target gas handling system.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 10 Fig. 4. The target hydrogen supply manifold.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 11 Fig. 5. The helium manifold.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 12 Fig. 6. The argon manifold.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 13 Fig. 7. Legend for figures 1-6. The assumption is that the target system is assembled and then thoroughly vacuum tested. Figure 8 gives a decision flow chart that provides the mutual dependence of different procedures involved in the operation

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 14 Start Check individual target components Leak checking & purging Control & instrumentation Calibration of transducers Helium backfill Filling/purging the lines by various gases before target filling Pre-cool down safety checklist Target cool down without hydrogen Leak test and get required vacuum He signal in RGA or bad vacuum? YES No Condensing hydrogen into target vessel He or H2 leak? YES No Steady state operation Shutdown Normal shutdown Shutdown and controlled venting YES Planned shutdown? No Emergency shutdown YES Emergency? No Fig. 8. Decision flow chart for operating of the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target in MPF-35.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 15 A. Evacuation and Filling the Helium Buffer Volumes To minimize a risk to mix hydrogen gas and air buffer volumes filled with helium gas have been formed to the ventilation and gas systems. The helium buffer volumes are indicated in figures 1, 3, 4, and 5 with green color. A. 1 Initial state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V127.. V126. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103.. PT104. PT105. PT106.. 0 psig? psig? psig? pisg? psig? pisg x bar x bar x bar x bar x bar x bar In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. V207.. V302.. V306. V305. V307.. V129.. PT201. < 0.1 bar PT202.. <10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204.. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01Torr PT302. <10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 0 pisg P108. 0 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 16 V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. x psig x bar V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. x psig not maybe Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 6/10/10 17 A. 2 Evacuation and filling the helium buffer volumes 1. Confirm that all initial conditions given in the Procedure A 1 are met. 2.Turn on mechanical pump MP101. 3. Open valves V108, PR105, V107, V109, V110, V111, V113, V115. 4. Make sure the hydrogen bottles and helium bottle in the hydrogen manifold are, then valve V131 on Hydrogen manifold. 5. Open valve V141 to MP101. Gauges P101, P102, and P107, will start indicate vacuum, pump till pressure is less than 0.01 b at PT101 and PT106. 6. Open pneumatic valve V100 and valves V130, PR104, V132, V134, and V135. 7. Gradually helium regulator PR106 by turning slowly its handle fully clockwise. Wait until PT101 and PT106 reaches 0.01 b or less. 8. Close V141 9. Close regulator PR106 and V136. 10. Slowly regulator till P104 indicates 0 psig. Helium filled the lines. 11. Close PR106. Open V141 and pump till PT101 and PT106 reaches 0.01 b or less. 12. Close V141. 13. Open PR106 till PT101 or PT106 reaches 0.91 bar. We have 2 psi over pressure in the lines and in the relief chamber. 14. Close PR106, V136, V135, V134, V107, and V111. 15. Stop MP101 and V141 to vent the pump then V141. 16. Close valves PR104, V100, V130, V131, V132, V108, V109, V113, and V115 17. Check that all final conditions are for Procedure A are met. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 3/07/06 18 A. 1 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. about 15 psid P102.. about 15 psid P103? psig P103A.? pisg P104? psig P105? pisg PT101. about 0.91 bar PT102. about 0.91 bar PT103.. x bar PT104. x bar PT105. x bar PT106.. about 0.91 bar In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. V207.. V302.. V306. V305. V307.. V129.. PT201. < 0.1 bar PT202.. <10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204.. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01Torr PT302. <10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 2-3 pisd P108. 2-3 psid Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. x psig PT402. x bar

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 3/07/06 19 In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507.. P501. Pumps: x psig MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. not maybe Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 3/07/06 20 B. Evacuation and Flushing of the Target and Lines with Hydrogen V205.. B.1 Initial state of valves: V206.. V207.. In gas panel: V302.. close V107.. V305.. V108.. V306.. PR105. V307.. V109.. V129.. V110.. PT201. < 0.1 bar V111.. PT202.. <10-4 Torr V112.. PT203 < 0.01 bar V113.. PT204.. < 0.01 mbar V114.. PT301. < 0.01Torr V115.. PT302. <10-4 Torr V116.. In hydrogen manifold: V117.. V100. V118.. V101.. V119.. V102.. V119A V103.. V120.. V104.. V122.. V105.. V123.. V106.. V124.. V130.. V125.. V131.. V126. V132.. V127.. V140.. P107.. 2-3 pisd V141.. P108. 2-3 psid V150. Hydrogen bottles P101.. 2-3 psid PR101.. PR102.. P102.. 2-3 psid PR103.. P103? psig PR104.. P103A.? pisg Helium bottle P104? psig PR106.. P105? pisg V133.. PT101. about 0.9 bar V134.. PT102. about 0.9 bar V135.. PT103.. x bar V136.. PT104. x bar In helium manifold: PT105. x bar Helium bottle PT106.. about 0.9 bar V401... PR401. In vacuum system: V402.. V201.. V403.. V204.. V404..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V1.00 3/07/06 21 V405.. V406.. P401. PT402. In argon manifold: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501.. x psig x psig x psig Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. Target Specialist not not not maybe Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 22 B.2 Evacuation and flushing of the target and lines with hydrogen 1. Confirm that all initial conditions given in the Procedure B. 1 are met. 2.Turn on mechanical pump MP101. 3. Open valves V108, PR105, V109, V110, V113, V114, V115, V117, V119, V119A, V122, V123, and V124. 4. Make sure the hydrogen bottles and helium bottle in the hydrogen manifold are, then valve V131 on hydrogen manifold. 5. Open valve V141 to MP101. Gauge P104 will start indicate vacuum, pump till pressure is less than 0.1 Torr. 6. Open pneumatic valve V100 and valves V130, PR104, V132, V102, V104, V106, V134, and V135. 7. Gradually helium regulator PR106 by turning its handle fully clockwise. 8. Gradually hydrogen regulators PR101, PR102 and PR103 by turning their handles fully clockwise. Wait until PT103, PT104, and PT106 reach 0.1 Torr or less. B.3 First Time Evacuation of the Target Vessel 9. Gradually valve V125, V126, and V150 to evacuate the target vessel and piping. Gauges P102, P103, P103A, P104, P105, P107, and P108 indicate vacuum and PT102, PT103, PT104, PT105, and PT106 will go to 0.1 bar or less. 10. Close V141. 11. Turn on pump MP301 and V302, V305, V129. Turn on turbo TP301. 12. Wait for until the PT106 on MP101 reaches less than 0.1 Torr and PT302 reaches less than 10-4 Torr, then close V115. 13. Wait for PT302 reaches 10-5 Torr scale. 14. With RGA monitor content of the target vessel and lines. Save the data after a minute or so.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 23 15. Sequentially close and re valves V135, V134, V132, V131, V125, V123, V122, V124, V120, V119A, V119, V117, V115, V114, V108, V107, V126, V150, V305, and V307, to pump out a small dead space in each valve. 16. Close valves V108, V110, V129, and V306. 17. Close helium regulator PR104 by turning its handle fully counterclockwise. 18. Open the helium bottle valve V136 and adjust regulator PR104 to 0 psig. B. 4 Backfill of target cell with helium 19. Gradually valve V110 and V108 to fill the target with helium. 20. Close regulator PR104 when gauge P105 indicates about 0 psig. 21. Close V150. A. 5 Second evacuation of target cell 22. Gradually valve V115 to pump out the target vessel and lines. 23. Continue pumping on the target vessel and lines until TP106 on MP101 reaches 0.1 Torr. 24. Close V115 and V129 and V306. 25. When PT302 reaches 10-4 Torr range, repeat step 14. with RGA above. 26. Close valve V129 and V306. Close valves V134 and V135. 27. Close hydrogen regulators PR101, PR102, and PR103 by turning their handles fully counterclockwise and close valve V108, V110, and V132. 28. Open the hydrogen bottles valves V101, V103, and V105 and adjust regulator PR101 to 0~psig. B. 6 First backfill of target cell with hydrogen 29. Gradually valve V108 and V110 to fill the target vessel and lines with hydrogen. Gauges P102, P103, P104, and P105 will go to 0 psig and PT105 will indicate 0.77 bar.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 24 30. Close valve V108 and V110 when gauge PT105 reaches 0.77 bar. B. 7 Third evacuation of target cell 31. Gradually valve V115 to pump out the target vessel and lines. 32. Continue pumping on the target vessel and lines until PT106 on MP101's reaches 0.1 Torr range. 33. Close valve V115 and valve V129 and V306. 34. When PT302 reaches 10-4 Torr range, repeat step 14. with RGA above. 35. Close valves V129 and V306. A.8 Second backfill of target cell with hydrogen 36. Gradually valve V108 and V110 to fill the target vessel with hydrogen. Gauges P102, P103, P104, and P105 will go to about 0 psig. 37. Close valve V108 and V110 when gauge PT104 reaches 0.77 bar. A. 9 Fourth evacuation of target cell 38. Gradually valve V115 to pump out the target vessel and lines. 39. Continue pumping on the target vessel and lines until PT106 on MP101 reaches 0.1 Torr range. 40. Close valve V115 and valve V129 and V306. 41. When PT302 reaches 10-4 Torr range repeat step 14. with RGA above. 42. Close valves V129 and V306. B. 10 Third backfill of target cell with hydrogen

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 25 43. Gradually valve V108 and V110 to fill the target vessel with hydrogen. Gauges P102, P103, P104 will go to about 0 psig. 44. Turn off pump MP101 and vent it through V140. Close V141. 45. Confirm that all final conditions for Procedure B are met. 46. Go to Procedure C to fill and cool down the target. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 26 B.11 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124.. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT104. PT105. PT103 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. 2-3 psid 0 psig 0 psig 0 pisg 0 psig 0 pisg 0.9 bar 0.7 bar 0.7 bar 0.7 bar 0.7 bar 0.8 bar V206.. V207.. V302.. V305. V306.. V307.. V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201. < 0.10 bar PT202.. < 10-4 Torr PT203.. < 0.01 bar PT204.. < 0.01 mbar PT301. <10 mtorr PT302. <10-4 mtorr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 0 pisg P108. 0 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 27 V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402.. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. 0 psig 0.7 bar V507 P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. 0 psig not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 28 C. Filling and Cooling the Target with Hydrogen C. 1 Initial state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150.. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT103. PT104 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. 2-3 psid 0 psig 0 psig 0 pisg 0 psig 0 pisg 0.9 bar 0.7 bar 0.7 bar 0.7 bar 0.8 bar V206.. V207.. V302.. V306. V307.. V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201. <0.10 bar PT202.. <10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204 < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.1 Torr PT302. < 10-4 bar In hydrogen manifold: V100.. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 0 pisg P108. 0 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 29 V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402.. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. 0 psid 0.9 bar P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. 5 psid not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 30 C. 2 Filling and Cooling the Target with Hydrogen 1. Procedure B has to be performed before performing Procedure C. 2. Confirm that all initial conditions for Procedure C are met. They are the same as the final conditions for procedure B. 3. The lines are full of hydrogen gas from all the way from the hydrogen manifold to the target vessel at about 1 atm absolute. Increase regulator PR101 to 10 psig. 4. Fill the liquid nitrogen dewar that contains the hydrogen cold trap and wait for steady state condition. 6. Close valve V110, V115, V119, V119A, V122, and V123. This will force the hydrogen flow to be controlled by PR105. 7. Start the cool down process by switching on the two cryocoolers and initiating the Precooler Procedure. The cooldown of the cryo coolers will take for several hours. If needed regulate the hydrogen flow to the target vessel with PR105 8. When cryo cooler temperatures are close to 20K, close valve V125. The hydrogen flow is now only through the precooler. When the high pressure gauge on regulator PR101, bottle pressure, decreases below 200 psi PR102 and set its outlet pressure to about 10 psig. If the empty bottle needs to be replace follow the procedure F. Change of Empty Hydrogen Gas Cylinder. 9. Close regulator PR101 by turning its handle counterclockwise and close the bottle valve V101. 10. Repeat step 8. when needed with regulator PR103. 11. The total gas volume at STP is 13500 liters for 16 liters of liquid hydrogen which needs to be condensed to the target vessel. 12. When the condensing process completed, close regulator PR103 and its bottle valve V105. Stop the precooler. 13. Close valve V126. 14. Open valve V110 and PR105. 15. Start pump MP101 and valve V115 and V141 to pump the remaining hydrogen from the gas panel and supply lines.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 31 16. Wait until PT106 on MP101 drops below 0.1Torr then close valves V115, V141, and V108 and V110. 17. Open the helium bottle by ing V134, V135, and V136 on the hydrogen manifold and its regulator PR106 and set pressure to 10 psig. 18. Gradually valve V108 and wait until P104 shows 10 psig. 19. Close the helium regulator PR106 and the bottle valve V136, V135, and V134. 22. Close valves V108, V109, V110, V114, and V117. At this stage the gas panel and the hydrogen supply line contain about 10 psig helium all the way to valve V125 and V126 23. Turn pump MP101 off and vent it. 24. Check that all final conditions are for Procedure C are met. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 32 C. 3 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. 2-3 psid P102.. 10 psig P103 10 psig P103A. 10 pisg P104 10 psig P105 about 2-3 pisg PT101. 0.9 bar PT104. 1.4 bar PT103 1.4 bar PT105. about 0.9 bar PT106.. 1.4 bar In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. V207.. V302.. V305.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201.. < 0.1 bar PT202 < 10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100.. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 10 pisg P108. 10 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. 2-5 psig

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 33 PT402 In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501. Pumps: 1.0 bar 15 psig MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 34 D. Warming up the Hydrogen filled Target to room temperature D. 1 Initial state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V127.. V126.. V140.. V141.. V150.. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103. PT104 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. 2-3 psig 10 psig 10 psig 10 pisg 10 psig 10 pisg 0.9 bar 1.4 bar 1.4 bar 1.4 bar 0.9 bar 0.9 bar V206.. V207.. V302.. V305.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201.. < 0.1 bar PT202.. < 10-4 Torr PT203.. < 0.01 bar PT204. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100.. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 10 pisg P108. 10 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 35 V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. 2-5 psig 1.0 bar P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. 15 psig not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 36 D. 2 Warming up the Hydrogen filled Target to room temperature 1. At the beginning of Procedure D, the Target is full of liquid hydrogen.. 2. Confirm that all initial conditions for Procedure D are met. They are the same as the final conditions for Procedure C. 3. Open valve V150. This will start venting through CKV102 and through CKV101. 4. Stop the cryo coolers. 5. As the liquid hydrogen boils off, monitor the target vessel pressure on PT105. The boil-off of the 16 liters of liquid hydrogen should take several hours. When all the liquid is boiled off, pressure in the hydrogen vessel is about 15 psid (about 3 psi above the ambient pressure 11.2 psi at Los Alamos). Temperatures, T2, T6, and T8 are above the hydrogen liquid-vapor curve value 20.2 K. 6. The hydrogen boil off rate can be accelerated by introducing heat to the heaters H1 and H3. Or argon gas can be introduced into the main vacuum. For this close V204 and V207. 7. Open V205 and then close V205 after pressure reaches goal pressure. 8. Once the target is warmed up to higher than the liquid hydrogen temperature continue with Procedure D. Do not leave hydrogen gas in the target vessel. 9. Check that all final conditions are for Procedure C are met. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 37 D. 3 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT104. PT105. PT103 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. 2-3 psid 10 psig 10 psig 10 pisg 10 psig 10 pisg 2-3 psid 10 psig 10 pisg 10 psig 15 psig not V207.. V302.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 15 psig PT201. < 0.1 bar PT202.. < 10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204 < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 10 pisg P108. 10 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR107.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. 2-5 psid

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 38 In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501. Pumps: 15 psig MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 39 E. Purging Hydrogen out from the Target Vessel and Filling the Lines with Helium E. 1 Initial state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103. PT104 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. 2-3 psig 10 psig 10 psig 10 pisg 10 psig 10 pisg 0.9 bar 1.4 bar 1.4 bar 1.4 bar 1 bar 1 bar V205.. V206.. V207.. V302.. V305. V307.. partially V129.. PT201 < 0.1 bar PT202 < 10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01bar PT204. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 10 pisg P108. 10 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 40 V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402.. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. 2-5 psig 1 bar P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. 15 psig not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 41 E. 2 Purging Hydrogen out from the Target Vessel and Filling the lines with Helium 1. The Target is at room temperature and full of hydrogen gas. 2. Confirm that all initial conditions for Procedure E are met. They are the same as the final conditions for Procedure D. 3. Turn on MP101. 4. Open valves V141, V115, V111, V113, V122, and V124. E. 3 Pumping Hydrogen out from the Target Vessel 5. Start pumping the hydrogen vessel by ing V125 and V126. Keep pumping till PT106 on MP101 drops below 0.1 Torr. This will pump hydrogen out of the target vessel, and will also pump from the relief chamber the hydrogen and helium mixture from the venting the target. 6. Close V141. 7. Open V140 to backfill the target vessel with helium. 9. Close V140 when PT101, PT103, and PT104 reach 0.9 bar. 10. Close V111. 11. Open V141. 12. When PT106 on MP101 drops below 0.1 bar or less close V141. 13. Open V306. 14. When PT302 is less than 10-4 Torr, V129. 15. Monitor residual gases in the target vessel with RGA. When the partial pressures have flattened off, record the values. 16. Close V129, V305, and V306. 17. Open V140 and backfill the target vessel with helium gas until PT104 reaches 0.8 bar then close V140 and V401 on the helium manifold. 18. The target and all the lines contain an inert gas helium. Turn off pumps TP301, TP201, and MP101. Close V201 and V301.Vent the pumps.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 42 19. Close valves V126, V124, V122, V115, and V113. 20. Check that all final conditions for Procedure E are met. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 43 E. 4 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103. PT104 PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. 2-3 psig 0 psig 0 psig 0 pisg 0 psig 0 pisg 0.9 bar 0.8 bar 0.8 bar 0.8 bar 0.8 bar 0.8 bar V207.. V302.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 vacuum PT201. 0.8 bar PT202. 580 Torr PT203. 0.8 bar PT204 770 mbar PT301. off PT302. off In hydrogen manifold: V100.. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 0 pisg P108. 0 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. 2-5 psig

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 44 PT402.. In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501. Pumps: 0.8 bar 2-5 psig MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. not not inuse not inuse not not not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 45 F. Change of Empty Hydrogen Gas Cylinder Let s assume that hydrogen bottle #1 is empty and needs to be replaced, and cylinder #5 is to condense liquid to the target vessel. F. 1 Initial state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103 PT104. PT105. PT106.. 2-3 psig 2 psig 2 psig 2 pisg 2 psig 2 pisg 0.9 bar 0.9 bar 0.9 bar 0.9 bar 0.9 bar 1 bar In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. V207.. V302.. V305.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201.. vented PT202 < 10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 10 pisg P108. 10 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135..

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 46 V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. PT402 In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. 2-5 psig 1.0 bar V503.. V505.. V506.. V507.. P501. Pumps: MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. 15 psig not Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 47 F. 2 Change of Empty Hydrogen Gas Cylinder 1. Confirm that all initial conditions for Procedure F are met. 2. Turn pump MP101 on. Close V124. 3. Close valves V114 and V106. 4. Open valves V141, V115, V113, V110, V 132, V104, V106, V135, PR102, and PR103. 5. Check that the bottle valve V101 is. 6. Wait until pressure on PT106 on MP101 drops below 0.1 bar and then V131 and V132. 7. Open the helium bottle and then the bottle regulator PR106 and set pressure to 0 psig. helium bottle regulator PR106 This fills the lines with helium. 8. Close V134 when P108 indicate 0 pisg. 9. Fully close all the hydrogen regulator PR102 and PR103and replace the depleted hydrogen cylinder. 10. Open valves V131 and V132 and the hydrogen regulator PR101. 11. Close valve V131 and V132 when PT106 on MP101 indicates pressure less than 0.1 bar or less. 12. Open V134 and close it when P107 and P108 indicate 0 psig. 13. Close V134, V135, PR106, and V136. 14. Open V131 and V132. When PT106 indicates less than 0.05 bar, close V115, V113. 15. Turn off pump MP101when V132 is since V100 do not work. 16. Vent MP101 and close V141. 17. Close V102 and PR101.

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 48 17. Open V101 and with bubbles tester check that the joint that was ed doesn t leak. Close V101. 18. Open V106 and then V114 to continue the target vessel filling with hydrogen. 19. Check that all final conditions for Procedure F are met. They should be same as initial conditions for this Procedure. Target Specialist Date

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 49 F. 3 Final state of valves: In gas panel: V107.. V108.. PR105. V109.. V110.. V111.. V112.. V113.. V114.. V115.. V116.. V117.. V118.. V119.. V119A V120.. V122.. V123.. V124. V125.. V126. V127.. V140.. V141.. V150. P101.. P102.. P103 P103A. P104 P105 PT101. PT102. PT103 PT104. PT105. PT106.. In vacuum system: V201.. V204.. V205.. V206.. V207.. 0 psig 0 psig 0 psig 0 pisg 0 psig 2 pisg 0.8 bar 1 bar 0.9 bar 0.001 bar 1.1 bar 0.77 bar V302.. V305.. V307.. partially V129.. P202 under vacuum PT201.. 0.77 vented PT202 < 10-4 Torr PT203 < 0.01 bar PT204. < 0.01 mbar PT301. < 0.01 Torr PT302. < 10-4 Torr In hydrogen manifold: V100. V101.. V102.. V103.. V104.. V105.. V106.. V130.. V131.. V132.. P107.. 30 pisg P108. 30 psig Hydrogen bottles PR101.. PR102.. PR103.. PR104.. Helium bottle PR106.. V133.. V134.. V135.. V136.. In helium manifold: Helium bottle V401... PR401. V402.. V403.. V404.. V405.. V406.. P401.. 2-5 psig

Operating Procedures for the NPDGamma Liquid Hydrogen Target V0.03 11/25/05 50 PT402 In argon supply: V501 PR501.. V502.. V503.. V505.. V506.. V507. P501. Pumps: 1.0 bar 15 psig MP101. TP201.. MP201. TP301 MP301.. RGA.. not not not Target Specialist Date