Cnclusive Evidence: ICC Elite Match Officials Wrkshp: Dubai Sept 2013 Instructin The primary fcus f the 3 rd Umpire shuld be t find cnclusive evidence that the riginal n field umpire s decisin was incrrect. T be abslutely clear, the 3 rd Umpire is NOT lking fr evidence t supprt the riginal decisin the 3 rd Umpire needs t use available technlgy n the day t cnclusively prve the riginal decisin was incrrect if he is t advise the n field Umpire t reverse his decisin. If the 3 rd Umpire has dubt abut the evidence, that is NOT cnclusive evidence t verturn the riginal n field decisin. 1. Caught Decisins - Cnclusive Evidence Guidelines Guidance if there is a heat spt n the bat as the ball ges past the bat, then that is enugh evidence t have a high degree f cnfidence the striker has hit the ball. If there is n mark n the bat as the ball ges past, the absence f a heat mark shuld nt be regarded as cnclusive evidence t say he has nt hit the ball the umpire needs t als check fr ther visual clues frm slw and super slw mtin replays as well as using the audi tls t cnfirm cntact r n cntact. Audi decisin making tls fr Caught Decisins When viewing slw mtin replays, nte that any sund may appear a little distrted and a fractin late after the ball passes the bat as sund des nt travel as quickly as light (audi cmpared t visin). If there is a nise n these slw mtin replays, then it is suggested a full speed replay be requested which will enable yu t mre easily determine whether the sund heard is akin t the time that the ball passes the bat and accrdingly whether the sund heard is in fact the sund f the bat/glve making cntact with the ball. In cases where the bat is away frm the bdy and there is nthing else that culd have caused the nise as the ball passes the bat, then audi can be sufficient evidence t frm a high degree f cnfidence that the ball has hit the bat (even if htspt shws nthing n a fine edge). S, in summary, fr caught decisins, we instruct the umpires t review audi AND visin. The 3 rd umpire shuld have at least ne element (visin r audi evidence) t have a high degree f cnfidence f the ball hitting the bat t verturn a nt ut decisin. Anther element is desirable but nt essential. T verturn an n field Out decisin there shuld be n sund ( bat n ball sund) and n visible clue (htspt, deviatin r picture f ball n bat) that the ball hit the bat. Tw vide clips have been prvided t illustrate the way this degree f cnclusive evidence wrks. These tw vides can be dwnladed frm ur caching SkyDrive website as the file sizes are t large t email (16mb and 9mb) they can be fund in the flder titled 1 P a g e
Cnclusive Evidence Tl Clips n the frnt page. The site can be accessed using the fllwing link, user name and passwrd https://skydrive.live.cm/ user name: ump.trainingvides@htmail.cm PW: Passwrd12 Clip One (Bpara appeal / dismissal Eng v SA ODI) Bpara - Htspt and Clean Audi DRS Training.wmv Original n field decisin was OUT Batsman requested 3 rd Umpire Review 3 rd Umpire saw N Ht Spt mark 3 rd Umpire went n t check fr deviatin and clear audi N deviatin was seen BUT there was clear audi as the ball passed the bat 3 rd Umpire culd NOT say therefre he had cnclusive evidence t verturn the riginal Out decisin (T verturn the riginal Out decisin, there wuld have t be N Ht Spt AND, N deviatin f the ball as it passed the bat AND N audi nise as the ball passed the bat ). Clip Tw (Finch appeal / dismissal WI v Aus ODI) 2-3-3 CGT (nt ut) Review Changed n ht spt.wmv Original f field decisin was Nt Out Fielding Captain requested a 3 rd Umpire Review 3 rd Umpire saw N Ht Spt mark 3 rd Umpire went n t check fr deviatin and clear audi N clear deviatin BUT there was clear audi as the ball passed the bat 3 rd Umpire had cnclusive evidence (clear audi) that nthing else culd have made the sund f the nick ther than ball n bat a high degree f cnfidence and advised the n field umpire t reverse his decisin t Out. 2. LBW Decisins Cnclusive evidence guidelines Hawk Eye graphical evidence is t be taken as read (unless there is an bvius errr in cmparing animatin t actual). Bat invlved Guidance If there is a heat spt n the bat as the ball ges past the bat, then that is enugh evidence t have a high degree f cnfidence the striker has hit the ball. If there is n mark n the bat as the ball ges past, the absence f a heat mark shuld nt be regarded as cnclusive evidence t say he has nt hit the ball the umpire needs t als check fr ther visual clues frm slw and super slw mtin replays as well. In this case, using the audi tls t cnfirm cntact r n cntact is rarely helpful. 2 P a g e
If the 3 rd Umpire cannt cnclusively say that the ball hit the bat befre the ball hit the pad / persn f the striker, then the 3 rd Umpire shuld nt advise t the n field umpire t verturn an OUT decisin t nt ut. (Remember we are nt lking fr evidence t supprt the n field decisin, we are lking fr cnclusive evidence t say the riginal decisin was incrrect. Based n the abve example, there is n cnclusive evidence t say that the riginal OUT decisin was incrrect based n bat first). The absence f a ht spt mark r ht spt replay can make the cnclusive evidence prcess mre difficult. Deciding n bat first using visin replays alne means that yu need t see daylight between bat and ball all the way t cnclusively say that the ball did nt hit the bat befre pad. Dwnlad the example n SkyDrive (1st Ashes Test LBW review n Trtt ff Starc.mp4) in the Cnclusive Evidence Tl Clips flder. The side n ht spt replay is nt available and the frnt n ht spt des nt shw a mark (the edge f bat is hidden) it is quite pssible that there is an inside edge f the ball int the pads and there is NOT cnclusive evidence that the riginal NOT OUT decisin was incrrect. 3. Clean Catch This is a decisin t be made by the bwler s end n field umpire. If he is uncertain abut the clean catch, he can cnsult with square leg and if mre infrmatin is needed, he can 3 P a g e
cnsult with the 3 rd Umpire. The bwler s end umpire shuld prvide the 3 rd Umpire with ne f the fllwing initial judgments Ball carried Ball bunced Unsure what actually happened The 3 rd Umpire is t prvide the n field umpire with ne f the fllwing judgments based n the replays available. Ball carried (ball did nt hit the grund befre ging int the hands) T say that the ball went int the hands f the fielder withut buncing (hitting the grund), we need t see n evidence f the ball tuching the grund at any time. Fr clarity, if the fielder s fingers are under the ball and there is a pssibility that the ball tuched the grund between the fingers f ne hand, it shuld be ruled as a clean catch. If hwever the ball has tuched the grund between the hands as he catches it this will be ruled nt ut. Ball bunced (ball tuched the grund befre ging int the hands) T say that the ball clearly bunced, we need t see cnclusive evidence that the ball was tuching the grund befre the fingers gt under the ball. 4 P a g e
Replays are incnclusive (see belw) Here, the 3 rd Umpire des nt have a clear replay f shwing what happened as the ball was taken by the fielder he cannt cnfidently say whether the fielder gt his fingers underneath the ball r if it bunced befre ging int the hands. When this happens and the 3 rd Umpire rules that the replays are incnclusive, the bwler s end umpire needs t give his decisin based n his judgment f seeing it live n field. 5 P a g e
4. Ft Placement Fairness f Delivery Cnclusive Evidence The ICC Playing Cnditins relating t Fair Delivery the feet is different t the MCC Law. The Playing Cnditin says If the bwler s end umpire is satisfied that any f these cnditins have nt been met, he shall call and signal N ball. This means that if the bwler s end umpire r 3 rd Umpire cannt be satisfied that the placement f feet has breached the Law, then the umpire gives the benefit f dubt t the bwler. There must be clear and cnclusive evidence that: N part f the frnt ft is grunded r raised behind the ppping crease n landing (first cntact) The back ft did nt land within and nt tuching the return crease The frnt ft did nt land with sme part n the same side as the imaginary line jining the tw middle stumps in rder t rule and signal a N ball. This image is incnclusive and is t be ruled as a fair delivery fr the frnt ft placement. (Benefit f dubt t the bwler status qu remains and play n). 5. Waist Height Fairness f Delivery Cnclusive Evidence On field Umpires are the call the marginal nes live. Cnclusive evidence is required t reverse the riginal decisin made by the n field umpire. The fllwing picture shws a full pitched ball that was called a N ball n field. Fr a 3 rd Umpire t advise that this call was incrrect, there wuld have t be cnclusive evidence t 6 P a g e
say that the ball was definitely belw the waist height f the batsman standing up at the crease. A 3 rd Umpire reviewing this call wuld recmmend fr the delivery t remain as a N ball fr height. The fllwing was NOT called a N ball n field. If the n field umpires requested t check the fairness f the delivery fr height after a dismissal, then the 3 rd Umpire shuld rule that it was a N ball as there is cnclusive evidence t shw that the ball is clearly abve waist height. Shuld the vide replay evidence be incnclusive (that is, yu cannt definitely tell if the ball was abve r belw the waist height f the striker standing up at the crease), then the riginal n field decisin shuld stand. 7 P a g e
6. Shulder Height Fairness f Delivery Cnclusive Evidence On field Umpires are the call the marginal nes live. Cnclusive evidence is required t reverse the riginal decisin made by the n field umpire. This delivery was nt called n field. The picture fllwing shws the ball clearly abve shulder height f the batsman with him als standing upright ff the grund there is cnclusive evidence t call this a N ball fr being the 3 rd buncer in the ver. The picture fllwing shws the ball at shulder height with the batsman cruching and nt standing upright at the crease. It was nt called a N ball n field and there is insufficient evidence t verturn this decisin. This shuld be ruled as a fair delivery. 8 P a g e
Shuld the vide replay evidence be incnclusive (that is, yu cannt definitely tell if the ball was abve r belw the shulder height f the striker standing up at the crease), then the riginal n field decisin shuld stand. 7. Bundaries and Bundary Catches Cnclusive Evidence The n field umpire is able t cnsult with the 3 rd Umpire t check t see if a bundary is scred. The 3 rd Umpire is t view available replays t decide this. Shuld the 3 rd Umpire be unable t see if a bundary was actually scred, then the status qu remains as Runs as scred Fair catch (dismissal f striker) 9 P a g e
The picture abve shws where the fielder ended up after catching the ball and when his mmentum stpped. If the 3 rd Umpire sees n mvement in the bundary tblerne r des nt see the ft actually tuch it, then there is nt cnclusive evidence t rule a bundary 6 and the catch shuld be allwed. The 3 rd Umpire requires cnclusive evidence frm the replays in rder t say that a bundary was scred and rule the ball as dead frm that bundary. The fllwing picture shws cnclusive evidence that a bundary was scred as the ball rlled past the line f where the bundary riginally std after it was disturbed by a diving fieldsman bundary 4 by the 3 rd Umpire after cnsultatin frm the n field umpire. 10 P a g e
8. Obstructing the Field Cnclusive Evidence The n field umpire is able t cnsult with the 3 rd Umpire n appeal. The 3 rd Umpire is t review available replays and prvide the bwler s end umpire with his pinin f willful attempted bstructin. The 3 rd Umpire has t have cnclusive evidence f a willful attempt t bstruct the fielding side. The fllwing elements cntribute twards cnclusive evidence f willfully attempting t bstruct the field The batsman changing directin The batsman turning and watching the thrw Attempting t blck the ball / thrw with his bat r persn Running dwn the prtected area f the pitch (middle) By dwnlading and viewing the fllwing vide n SkyDrive in the Cnclusive Evidence Tl Clips flder (1-47-2 Obstructing the field Zim v PAk 3rd ODI.mp4), there is cnclusive evidence that the batsman willfully attempted t bstruct the field. The nn-striker changes directin, knws when the bwler is ging t thrw the ball, willfully attempts t get between the thrw and the stumps and runs dwn the prtected area. This batsman shuld be given ut n appeal. By dwnlading and viewing the fllwing vide n SkyDrive in the Cnclusive Evidence Tl Clips flder (1-19-6 bstructin.mp4) this example is ne where there is n significant change in directin, hwever, the willful actin f running dwn the prtected area is cnclusive evidence f a willful attempt t bstruct the field. 11 P a g e