Repellent property of eugenol oil against Houseflies (Musca domestica L.)

Transcription

1 Chapter D.8 Antifungal, antibacterial and insect repellent chemical molecules of Ocimum sanctum L. Repellent property of eugenol oil against Houseflies (Musca domestica L.) Houseflies (Musca domestica L.) are a major pest species of livestock units and landfill sites. These are among the common annoying insects around the houses that are often seen in great number during the summer. These flying pests often lay eggs in warm and moist areas such as garbage bins, animal manures, rotten vegetables and fruits, or other areas contaminated by any of these organic materials. Their larvae are composed of light colored legless grubs otherwise known as maggots that develop into adult flies within a period of 7days. The type of mouth parts of these houseflies have made them incapable of biting. But, it doesn't mean that they are harmless. Houseflies are susceptible of carrying disease-causing bacteria and viruses due to their inclination of consuming animal and human wastes. Health conditions caused by flies include diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery or Salmonella. The house fly (Musca domestica L.) is also a major pest of dairy cattle because of its potential to spread diseases, and reduce feeding efficiency and milk production in livestock. Synthetic insecticides cannot be used in organic dairy operations and hence, there is a need for alternate strategies to control these flies. Some essential oils are known to cause repellency and mortality of insect pests. In view of this, the 102

2 essential oils of Tulsi, were studied in laboratory for repellent effect on house flies. The experiment was carried out in the month of June 2008 to 2009, for seeing the repellency of the house flies, a wooden box was made as described in materials and methods. It had two parts, part A and part. Both parts were separated by a wooden partition having a hole in the center, the crude extract of Tulsi leaves was sprayed in part.100 house flies were and a watch was kept and the data were recorded in the table 26. In the first hour, maximum 45-5 house flies moved in the un A, in second hour 0-6 house flies migrated and in the third hour rest house flies moved in the un A of the wooden box. The experiment was repeated on dated 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 1, 15, 16,17 and The result of the experiment showed % repellency against house flies with crude extract of Tulsi leaves (Table-26). In the year 2009 this experiment was repeated and again the repellency was carried out % (Table-27). In the other experiment pure eugenol was sprayed in part of the box, 100 house flies were the. During the year as mentioned in the tables-24 and 29, in first house flies migrated in un A of wooden box from the. In second 28-5 flies moved in un A, while in third rest flies shifted in the untreated part A. Thus, as a after rd % repellency was shown by eugenol oil (Table-28 and 29). 10

3 This experiment showed that the Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum L.) has good repellent effect against the house flies (Musca domestica L.). Table - 26 Repellent property of house flies (Musca domestica ) with crude extract No. found in un A 1 hs

4 Table - 27 Repellent property of house flies (Musca domestica ) with crude extract No. found in un A 1 hs

5 Table -28 Repellent property of house flies (Musca domestica ) with pure eugenol No. found in un A

6 Table -29 Repellent property of house flies (Musca domestica ) with pure eugenol No. found in un A