Description of a new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda : Camallanidae) from the freshwater fish, Pangasius pangasius Hamilton

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1 Artículo de Original Description of a new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda : Camallanidae) from the freshwater fish, Pangasius pangasius Hamilton LAKSHMI I.R. 1 1 Department of Zoology. Andhra University Visakhapatnam India. ABSTRACT The description of a new species of the nematode of the family Camallanidae Railliet and Henry, 1915 form the body cavity of freshwater fish, Pangasius pangasius Hamilton, from Vijayawada (Krishna river) hence a detailed description and status of the specimens are given in this paper. The description is based on male and female specimens from large number of hosts examined. The new species in characterized by body measurements, structure of spiral thickenings, nerve ring and excretory pore position, length of spicules, number and arrangement of candal papillae and shape of tail end. Thus it could be considered as a new species Procamallanus aarnai. Key words: Procamallanus aarnai n.sp., nematode, Pangasius pangasius, body cavity, Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh). RESUMEN Se describe una nueva especie de nematodo de la familia Camallanidae en la cavidad del cuerpo fr pez de agua dulce Pangasius pangasius del rio Krishna de Vijayawada-India. La descripción se hace en ejemplares machos y hembras recolectados de un gran número de peces. La reconocen como una nueva especie (Procamallanus aarnai). Palabras clave: Procamallanus aarnai n.sp, Nematodo de pez, Pangasius pangasius, Vijayawada (Andhra Pradesh-India). Recibido: 15 de Julio 2010, Aprobado: 29 de Octubre Corresponding: J Rajya Lakshmi 187/3, Dharmashakti NagarMVP Colony Visakhapatnam Andrhra Pradesh, India. irlakshmi@yahoo.com 199

I. LAKSHMI INTRODUCTION During the survey of the parasites of freshwater fishes of Vijayawada, Krishna river, a careful examination of the body cavity of Pangasius pangasius Hamilton, yielded

2 I. LAKSHMI INTRODUCTION During the survey of the parasites of freshwater fishes of Vijayawada, Krishna river, a careful examination of the body cavity of Pangasius pangasius Hamilton, yielded interesting male and female nematode specimens. This species is described in detail in this paper and it has been shown that they have to be considered as constituting a new species. MATERIAL AND METHODS The host Pangasius pangasius has been obtained from Krishna river at Vijayawada. Nematodes were fixed in hot 70% alcohol and preserved in 10% glycerol. Two clearing media, glycerol and creosote were used in order to clear and elucidate the specific characters. Creosote was found suitable to clear the cuticular structures such as striations and papillae. Specimens cleared in creosote were washed in acid alcohol before returning to 70% alcohol. For enface-view study, anterior end of the female parasite was cut with a sharp blade and brought into the desired position under the coverglass in creosote on the slide. All measurements are given in millimetres. OBSERVATIONS Family: Camallanidae Railliet and Henry, Genus: Procamallanus Baylis, Procamallanus aarnai n.sp. (Figure 1 and Figure 2). Material: Two male and four female specimens. Host: Pangasius pangasius Hamilton. Location: Body Cavity. Locality: Vijayawada (Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh). Type Specimens: Specimens deposited in the Museum of the Zoology Department Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India. These are medium sized worms, cylindrical and some what narrowed anteriorly. Cuticle thin, stria- Figure 1. Procamallanus aarnai N.SP. a. Anterior end of male b. Head of male, enlarged c. Posterior end of male d. Posterior end of female 200

3 A NEW SPECIES OF PROCAMALLANUS FROM THE FISH, PANGASIUS PANGASIUS tions are absent on the body. Buccal capsule elongated, barrel - shaped, bearing smooth spiral thickenings. Tridents absent. A chitinous ring present behind buccal capsule. In enface - view the head carries three large lips which are separated from the rest of the body by a small neck. Lips are clearly separated from each other with space between adjacent lips. The dorsal lip has two round ends which fit each into the cavities of the two sub-ventral lips. Nerve ring surrounds the muscular portion of the oesophagus. The oesophagus consists of an anterior muscular portion and a posterior glandular portion. Glandular oesophagus longer than muscular oesophagus. Vulva equatorial. At junction of oesophagus and intestine are two oesophago - intestinal valves are present. Gubernaculum absent. Candal alae well developed. Tail concial in both sexes. Male: Measures length and in maximum width. Head diameter Buccal Capsule bearing smooth spiral thickenings length width. Chitinous ring length width. Anterior muscular portion of oesophagus length, width. Posterior glandular portion of oesophagus length, width. Entire oesophagus Nerve ring and excretory pore distance from anterior end. Eight paris of pedunculated candal papillae, six pairs preanal and two pairs postanal. Spicules equal, similar, broad at anterior and narrow, sharply pointed at posterior end. Spicules project from the cloaca, measures long. Posterior end bears a prominent candal alae well developed. Tail conical, long. Female: Body length, in maximum width. Dorsoventral diameter of head , Buccal capsule bearing smooth spiral thickenings. Chitinous ring length width. Anterior muscular portion of oesophagus length and width. Posterior glandular portion of oesophagus length, width. Entire oesophagus Nerve ring and excretory pore distance from anterior end. Tail of end is concial, measures, Figure 2. Procamallanus aarnai N.SP. a. Anterior end of male; b. Posterior end of male; c. Posterior end of female. Vulva equatorial 7-9 from posterior end without prominent lips. Eggs oval, unsegmented length and width. Rectal glands absent. DISCUSSION The present worms are referable to the genns Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 of which P. Laeviconchus (Wedl, 1862) is the type species. The genus Procamallanus has been synonymized with Spirocamallanus (olsen, 1952) Agrawal, Since then a large number of species have been described from various parts of the world. The news species compared with genus Procamallanus and Spirocamallanus. 201

4 I. LAKSHMI Procamallanus aarnai n.sp has close resemblance with P. mehrii (Agrawal, 1930) Gupta & Garg, 1976; P. bagarii Karve & Naik, 1951; P. gubernaculus (Khera, 1955) Sood, 1968; P. singhi (All, 1956) Sood, 1957; P. spiculogubernaculus Agarwal, 1958; P. globoconchus All, 1960; P. attui Pande, Bhatia & Rai, 1963; P. vachai Sinha & Sahay, 1965; P. chauhani Sahay, 1966; P. vittatusi Sood, 1967; P.fasciatusi Sood, 1967; P. alli Kalyankar, 1971; P. ompoci Majumdar & Dutta, 1972; P. gomtii Sood, 1976; P. planorarus (Kulkarni, 1935) Gupta & Garg, 1976; P. ditchelli Gupta & Garg, 1976, P. nainitalensis Arya, 1978 P. caranxi Rajya Lakshmi and Hanumantha Rao 1993, P. kalingapatnamensis Rajya Lakshmi and Vijaya Lakshmi 1995, in having the buccal capsule with smooth spiral thickenings. P. bagarii, P. vachai,p. chauhani, P. ditchelli and P. nainitalensis were synonymized as Spirocainallanus. The present worms differ in the size of the body, number and structure of spiral thickenings, length of spicules and in the number and arrangement of caudal papillae with the following species P. mathurai Pande et al., 1963 and P. daccai (Gupta, 1959) Sood et al., 1977 P. (Monospiculus) kashmirenis (Arya, 1978) Dhar & Fotedhar, 1979; P. gangai Srivastava, 1981, P. rarus Hamman, 1984; P. pereirai Pinto et al., 1984; P. peraccuratus Petter & Dlouhy, 1985 (it has no spiral thickenings); Spirocamallanus inopinatus Petter & Dlouhy, 1985; S. Hilarii Kohn & Fernandes, 1987; S. lamellari Gupta & Garg, 1988; S. otolithi Gupta & Garg, 1988; S nuzvidensis Rajyalakshmi et al., 1989, P. guptai Gupta & Naiyer 1990, S. bheemunipatnamensis Rajya Lakshmi et al., S. kakinadensis Rajya Lakshmi 1993, P. diacantham Rajya Lakshmi 1994, P. rohitai Rajya Lakhsmi and Vijaya Lakshmi 1995, P. seenghali Rajya Lakshmi P. eswarri Rajya Lakshmi S. chaimha, Moravec et al. 1997, S. krameri Moravec et al., 1997, S. pintoi Moravec et al. 1997, S. colei Rigby and Adamson 1997, P. lutjanusi, Lakshmi, Procamallanus aarnai n.sp show resemblance in having unequal spicules and well developed caudal alae to P. visakhapatnamensis Rajya Lakshmi et al., 1988, P. caranxi Rajya Lakshmi and Hanumantha Rao 1993, S. jaliscensis Morarec et al. 2000, S. gobiomori, Moravec et al., 2000, S. mexicanus Maravec et al. 2000, S. chetumalensis, González - Solís et al., but differs in body size, structure of spiral thickenings, location of nerve ring and excretory pore, number and arrangement of caudal papillae and shape of tail end. The present species close resemblance in having spicules project from the cloaca with P. visakhapatnamensis but differs in body size, number and structure of spiral thickenings, number and arrangement of candal papillae, position and size of spicules, and vulva position. In view of the important differences mentioned above the present specimens are regarded as belonging to a new species Procamallanus aarnai. REFERENCES 1. AGARWAL SC On a new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda). Curr Sci 27: AGRAWAL M A new nematode Procamallanus mehrii n.sp. from a local siluroid fish Wallagonia attu. Allad Univ Studies 6: ALI SM Studies on the nematode parasites of fishes and brids found in Hyderabad State, Ind J Helminth 8: ALI SM On two new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 from India, with a key to the species. J Helminth 32: ARYA SN. 1978: Nematoda fauna of Kumaon region. I. Three new camallanids from freshwater fishes of Nainital. Ind J Helminth 30: BAYLIS HA Report on a collection of parasitic nematodes mainly from Egypt. Part I. Ascaridae and Heterakidae. Part II. Oxyuridae Part III. Camallanidae etc., with a note on prostmayria and an appendix on Acanthocephala. Parasitology 15 (1): 1-3, 14-23, DHAR RL, FOTEDHAR DN On Procamallanus (Monospiculus) kashmirensis sp. nov. From fresh water fish, Wallago attu from Jammu. Ind J Helminth 31: GUPTA NK, GARG VK On two new spiruroid nematodes from marine food fishes in India. Riv Iber Parassit 36: GUPTA NK, GARG VK Studies on the nematode parasites of the genus Spirocamallanus Olsen, 1952 from fish hosts. Part III. Riv Parassit 3: GUPTA SP Nematode parasites of vertebrates of East Pakistan. III. Camallanidae from fish, Amphibia and reptiles. Can J Zool 37: GONZÁLEZ-SOLÍS D, MORAVEC F, VIDAL MAR- TÍNEZ VM Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) chetumalensis n.sp., (Nematoda : camallanidae) from the mayan sea catfish, Ariopsis assimilis, off the Caribbean coast of Mexico. J Parasit 88: HAMMAN ML Nematodes parásitos de peces pimelodidos del río Parana medio, República Argentina. Neotropica. 30 : KALYANKAR SD Studies on a known and some new nematode parasites of fishes from India. 202

5 A NEW SPECIES OF PROCAMALLANUS FROM THE FISH, PANGASIUS PANGASIUS Marathwada Univ, J Sci 10: KARVE JN, NAIK GG Some parasitic nematodes of fishes. II. J Univ Bomb Sec B Biol Sci 19: KHERA S On some species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 from India. Anal. Esc. Nac. Cienc. Biol. Mexico. 8: KOHN A, FERNANDES BMM Comparative study of helminth parasites of fishes from Mogi Guassu river, Collected during expeditions between 1927 and Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 82: LAKSHMI BB On a new nematode Procamallanus lutjanusi n.sp. from the intestine of marine fish at Kakinada, India. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 20: MAJUMDAR G, DUTTA BK Camallanid nematodes of silurid fishes. I. Spirocamallanus ompaci sp.n. (Nematoda: Camallanidae). Acta Parasit Pol 20: MORAVEC F, PROUZA A, ROYERO R Some nematodes of freshwater fishes in Venezuela. Folia Parasitologica 44: MORAVEC F, SALGADO MALDONADO G, CAS- PETA - MANDUJANO J J Parasit 86: OLSEN LS Some nematodes parasitic in marine fishes. Pub. Inst. Mar. Sci. Univ. Texas. 11: PANDE BP, BHATIA BB, RAI P. 963.On the camallanid genus Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 in two of the freshwater fishes. Ind J Helminth 15: PETTER AJ, DLOUHY C Nématodes de poissons du Paraguay. III. Camallanina. Description d une espèce et d une sous - espèce nouvelles de la famille des Guyanemidae. Rev Suisse Zool 92: PINTO RM, VICENTE JJ, NORONHA D First report of Ascarophis Van Beneden, 1871; A. brasilliensis n.sp. (Nematoda, Ascarophidinae) and Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) pereirai Annereaux, 1946 (Nematoda, Procamallaninae) is South America. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 79: RAJYA LAKSHMI I Spirocamallanus kakinadensis of freshwater catfish, Mystus seenghala (Sykes) from Kakinada (Andhra Pradesh) Riv. parassit. 10 : RAJYA LAKSHMI I Procamallanus diacanthum of marine fish Johnius diacanthus (Lacépède), India. Bol Chil Parasitol 49: RAJYA LAKSHMI I Procammalanus seenghali n.sp (Nematoda: camallanidae) from the intestine of freshwater catfish, Mystus seenghala (Sykes) of Visakhapatnam. Riv Parassit 13: RAJYA LAKSHMI I Description of a new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda: Camallanidae) from freshwater fish, Channa striatus (Bloch). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 17: RAJYA LAKSHMI I, HANUMANTHA RAO K Description of a new species of Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 (Nematoda: camallanidae) from the sto-mach of the marine fish, Caranx rottler (Linnaeus) of Bheemunipatnam coast. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 13: RAJYA LAKSHMI I, HANUMANTHA RAO K, SHY- AMASUNDARI K Procamallanus visa-khapatnamensis of marine fishes of Bay of Bengal. Riv Parassit 5: RAJYA LAKSHMI I Spirocamallanus nuzvidensis of the freshwater fish Mystus vittatus (Bloch) at Nuzvid (Andhra Pradesh). Riv Parassit 6: RAJYA LAKSHMI I Spirocamallanus bheemunipatnamsis sp.n. (Nematoda: Camallanidae) from the body cavity of marine fishes from the Bay of Bengal. Acta Parasit Pol 35: RAJYA LAKSHMI I, VIJAYA LAKSHMI C Procamallanus rohitai. n.sp (Nematoda: Camallanidae) from the stomach of freshwater fish, Labeo rohita (Hamilton) of Kolleru lake (Andhra Pradesh). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 15: RAJYA LAKSHMI I, VIJAYA LAKSHMI C Procamallanus kalingapatnamensis n.sp. from the intestine of shark, Chiloscyllium indicum (Gmelin) of Kalingapatnam. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 15: RIGBY MC, ADAMSON ML Spirocamallanus Species of French Polynesian coral reef fishes. Can J Zool 75: SAHAY U On a new key of the genus Procamallanus with a historical review. Jap J Med Sci Biol 19: SINHA DP, SAHAY U On a new species of Spirocamallanus Olsen, 1952 (Camallanidae, Procamallaninae, Nematoda) from Eutropichthys vacha. Ind. J Helminth 17: SOOD ML On some species of the genus Procamallanus Baylis, 1923 from freshwater fishes of India. Proc Nat Acad Sci Ind Sec- B. 37: SOOD ML, MEHTA M, VIRK S Records of some nematode parasites of freshwater fishes from the Punjab State. J Res 14: SOOTA TD On some nematodes from the unnamed collection of the zoological survey of India, along with the description of a new species. Rec Zool Surv India 79: SOOTA TD Studies on nematode parasites of Indian vertebrates. I. Fishes. Rec. Zool. Surv. Ind. Misc. Pub. Occ. Paper, 54: SRIVASTAVA AB Helminth Parasites of fishes. Ph.D thesis, Univ of Lucknow, Lucknow. 43. YAMAGUTI S Systema Helminthum. The nematodes of veterbrates. Vol. III, Parts I and II. Interscience publishers Inc., New York and London. 44. YEH LS On a collection of camallanid nematodes from freshwater fishes in Ceylon. J Helminth 34: Acknowledgements: Thanks are due to Andhra University authorities for providing necessary facilities. 203

On a New Nematode, Procamallanus inuelleri n. sp. from the Stomach of a Freshwater Fi h, Heteropneustes fossilis1

204 PROCEEDINGS OF THE [VOL. 33, No. 2 On a New Nematode, Procamallanus inuelleri n. sp. from the Stomach of a Freshwater Fi h, Heteropneustes fossilis1 VlNOD AGRAWAL2 INTRODUCTION Baylis (1923) created