Marine Turtle Bycatch in FWI Net Fisheries
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1 Marine Turtle Bycatch in FWI Net Fisheries Laurent LOUIS-JEAN 1,2, P. LENFANT 2, R. GALZIN 2, E. DELCROIX 3, B. LOGEAIS and J.-P. MARECHAL 1 1 OMMM, Martinique - 2 CNRS EPHE, France - 3 Kap Natirel, Guadeloupe WIDECAST Annual Meeting April 2011 San Diego, USA
2
3 WIDECAST 31 st ISTS Guadeloupe & Martinique FWI
4 THE FWI FISHERIES boats - Small scale - Coastal (> 60%) IFREMER, 2009
5 THE FWI FISHERIES boats - Small scale - Coastal (> 60%) - Main fishing gears : Antillean traps Line Nets (gill & trammel) IFREMER, 2009
6 BOTTOM NETS Fish Lobster Queen conch Gill net ( tight meshes ) Trammel net ( tight/loose meshes ) Folle net ( loose meshes )
7 THE TRAMMEL NET Bottom net 3 layers superimposed (Nédélec, 1999)
8 THE TRAMMEL NET Discards Bycatch Problems of sustainability
9 OBJECTIVES 1 2 Determine the bottom net techniques Test and compare professionnal and modified nets - improve the selectivity - maintain the productivity - decrease the bycatch METHOD Technique gill / trammel / folle Height low / high Incline floats / no floats
10 FISH NETS 72 experimental trials 2769 individual captured 64 species Photos : fishbase.com
11 FISH NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable 5 4 Com Non Com T2 T4 D2 D4 Trammel Gill
12 FISH NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Com Non Com Selectivity More discards in trammel nets T2 T4 D2 D4 Trammel Gill
13 FISH NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Com Non Com Selectivity More discards in trammel nets Productivity Gill net more productive 0 T2 T4 D2 D4 Trammel Gill
14 FISH NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch Dead Alive 50% of mortality (mean soak time: 5h) T2 T4 G2 G4 Trammel Gill
15 FISH NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch Dead Alive 50% of mortality (mean soak time: 5h) High profile trammel net 0 T2 T4 G2 G4 Trammel Gill
16 LOBSTER NETS 78 experimental trials 4962 individual captured 59 species 2832 lobsters 3 species Photos : fishbase.com
17 LOBSTER NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Com Non Com T0 T1 D0 D1 Trammel Gill
18 LOBSTER NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Com Non Com Selectivity Few discards T0 T1 D0 D1 Trammel Gill
19 LOBSTER NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Com Non Com Selectivity Few discards Productivity Trammel net more productive 0 T0 T1 D0 D1 Trammel Gill
20 LOBSTER NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch Dead Alive 90% of mortality (mean soak time: 13h) 0 T0 T1 G0 G1 Trammel Gill
21 LOBSTER NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch Dead Alive 90% of mortality (mean soak time: 13h) 2 1 More bycatch in trammel nets 0 T0 T1 G0 G1 Trammel Gill
22 CONCH NETS 76 experimental trials 2738 individual captured Photos : fishbase.com
23 CONCH NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Protégé Non Com Com T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
24 CONCH NETS Marketable sp vs non marketable Protégé Non Com Com Selectivity Trammel net non selective T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
25 CONCH NETS Queen Conch catches T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
26 CONCH NETS Queen Conch catches Productivity Folle more selective 20 0 T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
27 CONCH NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch 8 6 Dead Alive 94% of mortality (mean soak time: 24h) T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
28 CONCH NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch 8 6 Dead Alive 94% of mortality (mean soak time: 24h) 4 Folle nets 2 0 T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle
29 CONCH NETS Marine Turtle Bycatch Dead Alive T150f T150 T80f T80 F150f F150 F80f F80 Trammel Folle 94% of mortality (mean soak time: 24h) Folle nets High profile nets
30 MARINE TURTLE BYCATCH Total Bycatch 84 marine turtles ( Ei & Cm) for 226 trials 2000 turles in FWI Mortality 54 dead turtles (64%) Beaching 2 stranded turtles (4%)
31 CONCLUSIONS Trammel net non selective Folle nets murderous Low profile nets interesting Soak time < 4h Lot of mortality but few stranding
32 FISHING REGULATION Alternatives MPAs - Soak times Trammel net (ban?) Low profile Folle net Ban?
33 SUSTAINABLE FISHERY Alternatives MPAs - Soak times Trammel net (ban?) Low profile Folle net Ban?
34 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Observatoire du Milieu Marin Martiniquais (OMMM) Financial support : DIREN, Région Martinique, Fonds Européens Fishermen
35 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
36 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
37 Thank you for your attention
38
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