The Journal of Ammunition Reloading. March-April 1979 Vol. 14, No. 2 P.O. Box 30-30, Prescott, Arizona FEATURES:

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2 (ISSN ) Handloader The Journal of Ammunition Reloading March-April 1979 Vol. 14, No. 2 P.O. Box 30-30, Prescott, Arizona FEATURES: DAVE WOLFE Publisher RALPH TANNER, JR. VP, Director of Sales KEN HOWELL Editor DAVE LeGATE Art Director BARBARA PlCKERlNG Production Supervisor RICHARD L. ALDIS Staff Photographer JOYCE BUETER Circulation Manager TERRY BUETER Circulation WANDA HALL Accounting LYNDA RITTER Editorial Assistant JANA KOSCO Executive Secretary.338 Winchester Magnum..... Ken Waters 20 Head Designs for Centerfire Cases..... Bob Hagel 24 Forming Cases by Expansion... Gil Sengel 26 Cast Bullets ip the.303 British... AI Miller 28 What's the.410 Really Like?.... Don Zutz Poor Man's Magnum... Donald Roberts 34 Loading the.450 Revolver Cartridge.....Colin R. Doane 36 DEPARTMENTS: Reloader's Press...6 Reader Bylines....8 Loading the Old Ones Book Reviews , 18 Answers, Please Cartridge Board ProducTests...62 Propellant Profiles TECHNICAL EDITORS BOB BRACKNEY BOB HAGEL WALLACE LABISKY AL MILLER HOMER POWLEY CHARLES R. SUYDAM KEN WATERS DON ZUTZ The Handloader. Copyright 1979, is pu.blished bimonthly by the Wolfe Publishing Company. Inc.. P.O. Box Prescott. Arizona (Also publisher of Rifle Magazine.) Telephone (602) Second Class Postage paid at Prescott. Arizona. and additional mailing offices. Subscription prices' U.S. possessions and Publisher of Handloader IS not responsible for mishaps of any nature which might occur from use of published loadtng data or from recommendations by any member of The Staff No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission from the editor Manuscrtpts from free lance wrtters must be accompanied by stamped self addressed envelope and the publtsher cannot accept responsibility for lost or mutilated manuscripts Change of address Please give six weeks notice Send both old and new address plus mailing label if possible to Circulation Dept Handloader Magazine P 0 Box 3030 Prescott Arizona Published by Wolfe Publishing Co.. Inc. Dave Wolfe. President ON THE COVER: In 1894, the newest Winchester lever-action rifle was offered in only two calibers, the and the Other calibers were introduced as the rifle grew in popularity, but in the years after World War Two, fewer and fewer options were available. The world's most popular deer rifle eventually became a one-caliber carbine, available only in,3040 Winchester. In 1978, Winchester introduced this model with butt pad and reinforced receiver, with a new Winchester cartridge - the.375 Winchester, which approximately equals the.44 Magnum in power. Photo by Richard L. Aldis. HANDLOADER 78

3 Hercules. Specialists in smokeless powders for the Reloader. Hercules.The leader in reloading powders for more than sixty years. Red Bullseyem Herma Green Reloder Blue DoP Hercules Each is special, and each delivers high energy, fast, clean burn, shot-toshot consistency, and economy. Anticorrosive, too, for gun protection. You do a special job when you reload. Be sure your powder comes from the pick up a FREE at Hercul Marketin Wilmingt H-IERCULE XS Light Loads I have a considerable interest in reduced loads for the , for shooting small game and turkey. I would appreciate any loading data you people can come up with, without the use of cast bullets. Ronald M. Markley Yeagertown, Pennsylvania Here are some reduced loads for the all with jacketed bullets as you request - graduated according to increasing muzzle velocities. This will enable you to choose the velocity range that suits you, and also to find out which one your rifle handles most accurately. 45-grain Sierra Hornet 8.5grains IMR ,750 fps 12.5 grains IMR ,225 fps 14.0grains IMR grain Sierra spitzer 18.0grains IMR ,515 fps 22.0grains IMR ,080 fps 23.5grains IMR ,290 fps 17.0grains IMR Note: Remington No. 9% primers used in all of above loads. The first load would be adequate for squirrels, and any of the others should do nicely for wild turkey. I don t believe I d exceed 2,600 fps, however, as they then become too destructive. Ken Waters Cartridge Efficiency Comparing cartridges by technical parameters such as bore capacity or efficiency seems very involved, since we don t just compare cartridges as simple assemblies of bullets, primed cases, and powder loads but as a chain of physical phenomena involving both the cartridge and the rifle. Reading this magazine, I have learnt some interesting things about reloading and about endeavours to define, in a technically correct way, the term bore capacity. However, I have encountered another rather complicated property, efficiency. It seems to me that these two properties are strictly connected. since a cartridge that is over bore capacity is an inefficient one. One thinks of cartridge efficiency as a property somehow connecting the amount of powder burned and the velocity of the bullet. This thinking seems incorrect, particularly for comparing different cartridges topped by the same bullet but with different powders. The same amount of different powders may hold different quantities of potential energy. Furthermore, only a fraction of the powder s potential energy is actually utilized to propel the bullet; some of it is used up in case expansion, heat dissipation, barrel strain, vibration, and so on. We could define the relative efficiency of a given combination of rifle and cartridge as the ratio between the muzzle energy of the bullet and the potential energy of the load. If every powder manufacturer stated on its ANSWERS POLICY We will be pleased to ask the members of the staff to answer your questions. However, due to their heavy volume of correspondence we must ark that you enclose two dollars and a stamped, self-addressed envelope to partially defray the cost of researching and writing each answer. Please limit each letter to one specific question, for many general questions require a length article to answer adequately, and cannot possibk be answered in a letter. Questions should be addressed to Answers, Please, HANDLOADER Magazine, P.O. Box 3030, Prescott, Arizona canisters how many foot-pounds of energy could be obtained from a given weight of a particular lot of each propellant,, every handloader could easily calculate the relative efficiency of a particular load, using only a chronograph. Relative efficiency could be a reliable figure that could help one estimate the quality of his reloaded ammunition. Orazi Giuseppe Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates Relative efficiency is a handy method of comparing the potentials of any number of cartridges. And as you point out, it isn t hard to do. In the Du Pont IMR powders, for example, the graphite, residual solvent, water, and deterrent coating reduce the theoretical energy potential of the pure powder to about 178 footpounds per grain. As you say, most of this energy is lost - through friction, heat, gas velocity, and I suppose noise - so relative efficiency is always low in comparison with what theory says the powder produces. Let s compare a couple of cartridges this way. The 257 Roberts Improved is generally considered just about bore capacity for the inch barrel, and the 257 Weatherby Magnum has a good bit more capacity. In the Hornady manual, the Improved Roberts with a 24-inch barrel and teninch twist produced 2,241 foot-pounds with a load of 45.3 grains of IMR-4350 HANDLOADER 78

4 propelling the 120-grain bullet. The theoretical potential of this powder charge is 8,063 foot-pounds (45.3 x 178). This figure, divided into the actually attained 2,241 foot-pounds, gives us 0.278, or 27.8 percent. This is not a poor energy figure, by the way. In the same manual, a.257 Weatherbv Magnum. loaded with 67.8 grains of IMR-2350 and the 1Wgrain bullet, produced 2,878 foot-pounds at the muzzle of a 26-inch barrel with twelve-inch twist. The same kind of arithmetic gives us a relative efficiency of 23.8 percent. The potential energy of the charge is 12,068 foot-pounds, and dividing this figure into the actually realized 2,878 foot-pounds gives us Comparison of these two percentages shows that the much larger case may be a little less efficient, even with the advantage of two extra inches of barrel, but not by as much as one might have thought. Many shooters are more than willing to use a bit more powder and to sacrifice a little efficiency to get an extra little bit ofperformance. Your suggestion that the powder manufacturers publish the potential energies of their powders is a good one. I d like to see it. -Ken Howell Loading.43 Spanish I am trying to reload.43 Spanish for an 1888 Remington rolling block. I have talked to many gun experts, and none of them can advise me on reloading this type of ammo. I would be very grateful if you could inform me on how this.43 can be reloaded. I am willing to try anything you would suggest. Please send any information and any options that might be available. Rex A. Harding Silver Spring, Maryland You don t say whether you have any brass cases for your.43 Spanish rifle. If not, I would choose one of the three following procedures: (1) Order a couple of boxes of (formed) cases from one of the custom reloaders such as Bill Smith of Schaghticoke Ammo Service; Bull s Bridge Roa4 South Kent, Connecticut (2) Write Jim Bell of Brass Extrusion Laboratories, Ltd; 800 West Maple Lane; Bensenville, Illinois (3) Have that rifle rechambered to accept.348 Winchester empty cases with necks expanded to hold.43 bullets. Of course, if you consider your rifle a collector s piece, you won t want to do the latter, but i f it s just a shooter, then MARCH-APRIL 1979 I believe this is the most practical way to go, as then you re assured of a ready supply of good brass..348 cases could then be loaded and fire-formed in the rifle s new chamber. Next, you ll want to find out what the actual exact groove diameter of your barrel is, by driving an oversize soft lead slug through the bore and measuring it with a micrometer. Once the groove diameter is known, a mould can be ordered to cast bullets of the size. ~ specify d that the mould cast bullets from to inch larger than groove diameter to enable From the foremost maker of shotshell loaders, comes a new straight-wall metallic cartridge loader with unusual features: them to be sized down to inch oversize, which size should give the best accuracy. Lyman mould should do the trick. Melted wheelweights should be a good alloy from which to cast these bullets, and either Lyman or Hodgdon lubricant could be used I d use standard Large Rifle primers (rather than magnum), and I d start with 36 grains of IMR-3031 and work up gradually to a maximum of 40.~ grains. An alternate load would consist of32grainsofimr Ken Waters PonsnesslW amen s Metal-Matic P-200 Design, materials and finish are typical of PIW s high standards. The P-200 s special features are: ten hole die head tapped 718 x 14 to accept standard dies - can be set up for two calibers, with powder measure for each. Cases stay in standard shellholder, which indexes positively at each station. Large and small priming tools supplied with every loader. Primer catcher keeps spent primers and grit off the bench. Production rate is normally 200 rounds per hour -or more. Moving parts are all rigidly aligned and indexed. Die heads interchangeable to permit quick caliber change by that method. Primer pocket swaging tools may be added to function as an integral loading operation. P-200 Metal-Matic, complete with priming tools is $ (You must supply your choice of dies, measure and shellholder). Accessories: extra die heads, $27.50 each; primer pocket swage tools, large-$15.00, small- $ Ponsness/ Warren, Inc. P.O. Box 8 Rathdrum, Idaho *P 17

5 R I t E How to identify yourself... As a Handloader or Rifle reader, you can do this most elegantly with brassards and pins which establish you as one of the elite among shooters and handloaders. Brassards for sed in white on the b s priced at $6.50. y Handloader or ained-vi nyl cover. _.

6 Colin R. Doane: Reloadind the A50 Revolver HE.450 REVOLVER cartridge T was the first metallic handgun cartridge of the British armed forces. It was adopted in 1868 for use in cartridge conversions of the Beaumont-Adams cap-and-ball revolvers. The round consisted of little more than the conical ball and powder charge of the cap-and-ball revolver, with a primed metallic case wrapped around it. This cartridge and a succession of Beaumont-Adams revolvers remained the British standard service sidearm until 1880, when they were replaced by the.456 Enfield revolver and its cartridge. For many years thereafter, however, civilian revolvers of all descriptions continued to be turned out in this caliber. Particularly popular were solid-frame pocket revolvers of the British Bulldog variety, although at some time almost every design was turned out in.450. The.450 saw service in some wild corners of the world: Afghanistan, the Sudan, and other areas of British colonial expansion. Even long after its replacement as a military round, it went all over the world in civilian hands, often in the pocket revolvers chambered for it. As a military round, it was said to lack stopping power, and British officers often went to revolvers as large as.600 or four-barreled Lancaster pistols of respectable caliber. Later British service-pistol ammunition has been more powerful also. However, from this far in the future, it is difficult to determine whether the cartridge actually did lack stopping power. The accompanying table, listing data for the.450, the.455 Webley, and the.45 ACP, shows that while the.450 is slightly less powerful than either of these proven stoppers, the difference is very small and consists mainly of velocity differences. Since the bullet diameters are the same, the bullet weights can be directly compared. The.450 isn t strong on penetration, which may go along with its reported lack of stopping power. I had a drama ic illustration of this when testing f some loads for this article. I thought I could see dust coming up from in front of the 55-gallon drum I was shooting at, using 2.5 grains of WW-231 and the Ideal bullet cast in wheel weights. Checking the results, I found none of the bullets had made it through the drum, and the dust I had seen was from their hitting the drum and bouncing back into the dust some three feet in front of the drum. Some of them were still warm to the touch. The hard lead bullets were almost undeformed: the noses were pushed in and flattened a little. If stopping power was the weak point of the.450, accuracy was its strong point. It is a well balanced round, with a moderate bullet weight for its caliber and a small-capacity case resulting in almost a hundred percent loading density. The recoil is mild, making accurate shooting easier. Many target revolvers were chambered for the.450. Some are also chambered for the.455 Webley and are marked The mild round would be used for target shooting and the heavier.455 for defense. The dual chambering was made possible by the peculiar development of British military handgun ammunition. The.476 Enfield round, which replaced the.450, used a case with the same inch head diameter, a length of 0.87 inch, and a heel-type bullet of 290 grains. The.455 Webley, which replaced the.476, used the same case shortened to 0.77 inch and a inch-diameter, 265-grain inside-lubricated bullet. This round went through several modifications using a variety of manstopper bullets, although eventually, because of the Geneva Convention, it was loaded with a very long conical-ogive jacketed bullet. In Canada, a similar round was developed for.455 Colt New Service revolvers, called the.455 Colt. This round differed from the.455 Webley only in its longer case of 0.87 inch, the same as the.476. Thus the various cases differed only in length, making it feasible to use the shorter.450 round in longer chambers. Dome finds the.450 Webley-Pryse a fine, well made revolver - smooth-working, easy and pleasant to shoot with light loads, and accurate. The Kynoch.450 (left) is short - even the.455 Webley,.455 Colt, and.45 ACP (right) are longer. HANDLOADER 78

7 c n/ Cart ridge 4 I This Webley-Pryse from the late Nineteenth Century bears the stamp IB inside the rebounding lockwork, for Joseph Brazier - a celebrated lockmaker and designer of gun locks. On this original Kynoch.450 round, note the long, heavy bullet and the strong cannelure in the case. I Two important facts for the reloader emerge from all this. The first is that the.450 is an extremely small-capacity case. For comparison, the.44 Russian, not exactly a magnum case, used a blackpowder load of twenty-three grains at a hundred percent loading density. The blackpowder load for the.450 was little more than half of this: thirteen grains. There isn t much room inside the case, and users of smokeless powder must keep this in mind. The second fact is that there is a wide variety of guns chambered for this round. It is possible to classify them in three categories for the purpose of assembling loads. The first category is those revolvers made as cheaply as possible. Most of these are of European origin, although some are from Britain. For examples, see the unnamed.450 horrors in the 1911 Alfa catalog. Most of these revolvers were not entirely safe when new and when fired with blackpowder loads. Now they probably shouldn t be shot at all. The second category consists of the better revolvers originally chambered for this cartridge. An example is the Webley-Pryse revolver used in working up the loads for this article. The workmanship on such revolvers may be the best. Unfortunately, the metallurgy of the time was not up to The standard RCBS decapping-expander assembly, above, is easily modified (below) for use in loading the shorter.450 case. Removing the decapping pin and collet enables the expander to enter the shorter case far enough to size inside of the neck and flare the mouth. be made today, regardless of how smooth the action is. Pressures must be kept well down, or the revolver will be damaged. Loads listed in the table are for this category of revolver. One other word of warning: use only the.450 round in these revolvers. My Webley-Pryse chambers the latest British service.455 Webley round, but the charge of smokeless and the hard jacketed bullet might prove disastrous. Last are more modern revolvers that use the.450 as a target load. They include the Webley Green, Webley Mk VI, and Colt Bisley. Loading recommendations for these are given in the text. the workmanship. Cylinders, barrels, Original ammunition for.450 and latch components are nowhere revolvers is hard to come by. Kynoch near as tough and strong as they could is out of production, and American MARCH-APRIL Cartridge Comparison Bullet Muzzle Cartridge weight velocity,450 Revolver 225 gr 690 fps,455 Webley 265 gr 600 fps.45 ACP 230 gr 855 fps.450 Revolver Powder Charges 180-gr (Perfecast) 200-gr (452460) Original Kynoch.450 round on the left is longer, overall, than rounds made up from shortened.455 Colt cases and Lyman (center) and 180-grain Perfecast (right) bullets. 37

8 (Shiloh Products Inc.) Sharps Model 1874 Old Reliable IS BACK Made in U.S.A. 9 1/2 POUNDS OF STEEL & WALNUT Offered only in the Shiloh Sharps with double set triggers Tang sight and tapered octagon barrel (No extra charge) Five additional models a150 availaide For s p e c i f i c a t i o n s or information contact your local firearms dealer or send a self add ressed st arm ped 713A Jadwin P 0 Box 336 HU3 WEST Richland, WA Ihe Mississippi Phone: Murray P 0 Box 542 HL13 EAST Farmingdale. NY IhP Mississi~pi Phone: ammunition in this caliber was discontinued before World War Two. So handloading is the only way to get these guns off the wall and out onto the range. It is doubtful in 1978 that anyone is going to invest a great deal of money and effort in reloading for what is, after all, an obsolete cartridge. Fortunately, the.450 can be reloaded using components and dies that are easy to come by, for the most part. Let s take the components in order. Cases for the.450 are one of the few problems. Original British ammo is Berdan-primed, and this size primer is not obtainable. Also British ammo may well have corrosive, mercuric primers, so watch out if you fire original rounds. American.450 cases are almost unobtainable. Cases can be made from.45 Colt or.45 Auto Rim brass, but it s hard work. First, cases must be shortened to 0.69 inch. Then the rim must be thinned for the cylinder to close on it. Rims on the.450 are thin: inch. The brass must be removed from the front of the rim so the primer-pocket depth isn t affected. It s a delicate operation, time-consuming and hard to do accurately. I gave up after one.45 Colt case, when I found that the brass was so thick the case also required inside neck-reaming before a bullet could be seated and the combination chambered. The best source of cases is CIL.455 Colt brass. This has merely to be shortened to 0.69 inch, as the rim is already the right thickness. The case walls are thin enough, too, so neckreaming is not required. Unfortunately, CIL.455 Colt ammo has not been imported for a couple of years. They say this brass is weak and won t stand up to repeated loadings; however, my brass had already taken eight or ten firings as.455 Colt before I shortened it, and the same twenty-four empties (four cylinders full) were used for the more than two hundred rounds I ve fired through my.450 thus far. I anneal the mouths to prevent splits. In a case this short, annealing can be pretty warm on the fingers. I hold the case with pliers and dip the mouth in hot lead for twenty seconds or so. This gives better control over the heat than using a gas flame for annealing this short case and prevents softening the head of the case. For reloading dies, the.450 or.455 shooter is lucky: it is a little known fact that.45 ACP dies produce perfectly good ammunition for the.450. Of course, if you want a set of dies for the.450 or the.455, RCBS will be glad to make them for you, but if you ve got.45 ACP dies already, it s not necessary. To reload the.450, I did have to modify the.45 ACP expander plug. This plug carries the decapping pin, and the combination is long enough that the decapping-pin collet hits the bottom of the case before more than about 1/16 inch of the case mouth is resized. My solution was to buy a spare expander plug from the RCBS parts kit carried by most reloading shops. I ground off the decappingpin collet, and my expander plug now goes far enough into the case to resize and flare the case mouth. I decap as a separate operation, of course. I haven t needed to crimp any of my cases, but it s possible to do this too. The crimping shoulder on the.45 ACP seating die is way out of reach for the short.450 case, but one of the taper crimpers sold by Gil Hebard can be adjusted down to crimp the.450. Bullets are generally no problem. The original bullet was a roundnosed lead number weighing 225 grains. The 230-grain.45 ACP bullet can be used, of course. However, most of us who work with the.45 use lighter bullets for target work, so I developed loads for the 180 and 200-grain target bullets. The case is short enough that I wouldn t want to use bullets heavier than 230 grains to avoid taking up too WHAT ARE YOU GETTING OUT OF YOUR RELOADS? You don t know unless you know velocity! To measure velocity you need a chronograph To rneasure the performance of handioads you need an Oehier Model 33 It tells you more than lust velocity The Model 33 offers Automatic summary at me touch ola button. The Model 33 shows minimum, maximum, variation. average and standard deviation of velocities. A low standard deviation is your key to unilorm and accurate loads. Direct digital display of both velocity and round number the instant you shoot! With skyscreens and automatic reset, you can chronograph up to one round per second and shoot lor group at the same time. Portability and convenience. The Model 33 and a pair 01 skyscreens weigh less than live pounds and will lit in a small briefcase. You can chronograph an hour per week lor eighteen months without replacing the internal flashlight batteries. Accuracy. reliabilityand service. Oehler has provided all three lor so long that we almost forget to mention them. All Oehler instruments have a three-year warranty. You load for results The Model 33 gives results - instantiy The Oehier Model 33 is $299 95, including Shyscreens and batteries Write or call for lree information on ali Oehler systems with prices starting at $99 95 lor Chronographs with skyscreens Phone orders accepted - P 0 BOX 9135 H HANDLOADER 78

9 much of the already insufficient powder space. My 200-grain bullet is Ideal s , a two-groove semiwadcutter. Several million of them must have been fired in competition through.45 automatics. It is a popular bullet for the.45 and extremely accurate besides. It shoots well in the.450, although I discovered one little peculiarity using it. Filling both grooves with lubricant produces excessive barrel fouling. A patch run through the barrel comes out brown with unburned, gooey lubricant that doesn t help accuracy. I lubricate only the bottom groove now: this prevents leading and decreases fouling considerably. My 180-grain bullet is the Perfecast, a commercial bullet. It, too, is intended for target use in the.45 ACP. It comes already sized and lubricated, a considerable saving in effort over the home-cast variety. This is also a two-groove design, and of course both grooves come full of lubricant. This turns out to be too much lube, and the result is increased smoke and barrel fouling. For bullet seating, the bullet should be seated out as much as possible to increase the space inside the cartridge and thus decrease pressure. On the other hand. the bullet must be seated in far enough that it does not contact the step in the chamber, otherwise the round will not enter the chamber completely. A discussion of bullets brings up the vexing question of what diameter they should be, and what size the barrel is. It s not easy to slug British barrels and mike them, as they usually have an odd number of grooves. If the grooves are broad enough, as in the Webley Mk VI, it is possible to measure from one side of one groove to the opposite side of the opposing groove. Unfortunately, the seven grooves of the Webley-Pryse are the same width as the lands, so this is difficult. The highest reading I ve been able to get is inch, and I imagine that the actual diameter is inch, the same as the.455 Webleys I ve measured. I use inch bullets in my Pryse, but before you use anything in your revolver, it s a good idea to slug the barrel and measure it to see what you re dealing with. The choice of handgun powders is easy: they re mostly all good. I cover the range of handgun reloading with four powders, Bullseye, WW-231, Unique, and The latter is not usable in the small-capacity, low- pressure.450 round. The others all work fine. Obviously, lots of other powders are useful in the.450: Red Dot, for instance, but I happen not to stock them. I prefer Winchester s 231, as it is cleaner-burning at these low pressures, but both Unique and Bullseye are perfectly good, too. Bullseye is sensitive to a change of only 0.2 grain more than that listed: it produced greatly increased recoil, a sharper report, and noticeably higher strike of the bullet on the target, indicating substantially more power. Be careful using Bullseye: small changes make a big difference. Powder charges are shown in the accompanying table. They are for use in well made revolvers only. They shouldn t be increased; these guns are not as strong as they look. Revolvers chambered for the can use.455 Webley data if the bullet is seated out enough to give the same powder space as in the.455 round. I didn t experiment with black powder or Pyrodex. The original load was 13 grains of black powder behind the 225-grain bullet. For 180 or 200- grain bullets, a grain or two more powder could be added to achieve a hundred percent loading density. FFg would work, too. 0 PROMOTE RELOADING SAFETY! Buy and use BECO These high-intensity light instruments instantly detect defects in loaded shotshell ammunition by illuminating the shell so the interior components can be seen and examined. The user can instantly detect such problems as cocked wads, absence of powder, or excess powder. All three models are built into solid walnut cabinets. Write for more detailed information. SEE YOUR DEALER OR ORDER DIRECT Model SW-21 Single shell unit $37.50 SW-22 Double shell unit SW-24 Four shell unit Include $1 50 each for postage and handling It really works Tico? Ballistics Engineering LABORATORIES ANOTHER QUALITY PRODUCT FROM P.O. Box 156 Vandalia, Ohio Company MARCH-APRIL