NSA Photosequence 18: Lx)ng Jump Galina Chistyakova

Transcription

1 P ^ e by IAAF 6:3: NSA Photosequence 18: Lx)ng Jump Galina Chistyakova Sequence by Helmiir Hommel lit" Hornniel AVS I99U) The sequence shows her first and best aiiempi of 7.1 Im in the final of the Long Jump at the Games of the XXlVlli Olympiad. Seoul Galina Chistyakova (URS) Born: " 26 July 1%2 Heighl: 1.69m Weighl: 54 kg Best mark: 7.52m ( WR) World ReconJ holder Long Jump; bronze medallist in the Games of the XXIVth Olvmpiad. Seoul Commentary liior Ter-Ovanesian Igor Ter-Ovanesian is President ofthe Light.Aihlelic Federation of the USSR. He sei World Records in the Dmg Jump in 1962 and 1967, and was European Champion in that evem in I95H and Galina Chistyakova's approach run usually consists of 17 strides, slighdy shorter than the 21-siride run-up of Heike Drechsler (GER) and ihe 19-stride approach of Olympic and World Champion Jackie Joyner-Kersee (USA). However, as she has very gotxl natural speed, this docs not hinder her from reaching a high velwiiy (9.5 nvsec. at her last siride before takeoff), and in her best jumps the velocity is often even greater. The official distance of 7.1 Im given for this Jump differs from the 'effective' lenglh of Uie jump by onl) I cm: in other words the alhlete has made accurate contact wiih the lake-off board. The sequence shows the 3 strides before take-off and the jump itself In photos N3 the athlete is moving forward rapidly. The body posture at the end of the approx'h is akin to that of a sprinler (3). Her movemenis are relaxed and free ll, 6, 7). 49

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6 The preparalion for uike-off shows a drop of ihe centre of gra\ily of the btxly. resulting in a slight lov^ering of the ptisition of the ftxil (in ctiniparison witli the middle part of the approach am). 2 strides belbre take-off the preparalion becomes marked. This is evidenl in the reduction in forvviu'd lean of the btxjy (8. 9, 10); the contact made by the lead-leg heel wilh the ground (12. 13); the increase of the amplitude of anu)ni/.alion in the lead-leg knee joint (cf 1. 7 and ; and the lengthening of lhc penultimate siride compared to the usual stride length in the midtlle t)f the approach mn. These are ralher weak aspects of the athlete's technique. In the aitempt under analysis the lengths t)f the last 4 strides of thc apprtiaeh mn were 205 cm (4th). 205 cm (3rd). 216 cm (2nd), and 182 cm (last stride before take-off), and thc drop in the cenire of gravity at the penultimate süide was 6 cm. On the whole the athlele is actively directing her energy forward during the last few Ntrides t)f the appmach; this can be seen in the dynamic action of the hips and their wide range of movement (1-9). Photos show the actitm tjf the lead leg. The NnJy is leaning backward slightly when the loot it>uchcs the take-t)ff btiai'd (18-19), This mt)venienl leads lo a reductitin in horizontal speed fmm 9.5 m/ sec. to 9.3 m/sec. (at the last siride before take-t)it). Tlie liüce-off foot makes contacl with the boaid straight and flat (18); phoios retlect the action of the foot in the effeclive straightening of the hip jtiint. The high degree of bend in the knee jt)int (up to 142") is prtxif of great slrength. Simultaneous with the ftk)t pkmt is a significant slt)wing of the movemeni of the shoulder», which results in a flight backward lean and consequently an overemphasized upward direclion at take-off. An insufficient bend of the take-off leg is evident ( ). as IS the prenialure forward actitm of the shank at thc mtmienl the vertical is passed (20). li seems ihal this movement is an attempt to compensate for the inadequate forward speetl of Ihe whole btxly. The end tif the take-tiff is chiiracterizcd by a quick, elastic straightening of die btxly (21. 22). During the llighi phase (22-35) Chistyakova maintains a relalivelv gtxxl balance (27-.3()), The elevated posiiitm of the feet relative to the hips ( ) precedes landing. The weak points of ihe jump are an early kiwcring of the legs (34) and an unintentional sideways movement afler landing. On the whole this jump is not one of Galina Chisiyaktiva's best in tenns of technique, especially during the pre-lake-t)ff strides. The faulls shown in the approach run result in the difference between this jump tif 7.1 Im and her best and Worid Record jump of