Natural and Artificial Playing Fields: Characteristics and Safety Features

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2 STP 1073 Natural and Artificial Playing Fields: Characteristics and Safety Features Schmidt/Hoerner/Milner/Morehouse, editors 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103

3 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Natural and artificial playing fields: characteristics and safety features/schmidt... [et al.] editors. (STP; 1073) Papers presented at the Symposium on the Characteristics and Safety of Playing Surfaces (Artificial and Natural) for Field Sports, held 6 Dec. 1988, Phoenix, Ariz., sponsored by ASTM Committee F-8 on Sports Equipment and Facilities and ASTM Subcommittee FO8.52 on Playing Surfaces and Facilities. "ASTM publication code number (PCN) " Includes bibliographical references. ISBN Athletic fields--congresses. 2. Synthetic sporting surfaces-- Congresses. 3. Turf management--congresses. 4. Athletic fields-- Safety measures--congresses. 5. Synthetic sporting surfaces-- Safety measures--congresses. 6. Turf management--safety measures-- Congresses I. Schmidt, Roger C., II. Symposium on the Characteristics and Safety of Playing Surfaces (Artificial and Natural) for Field Sports (1988: Phoenix, Ariz.). III. ASTM Subcommittee FO8.52 on Playing Surfaces and Facilities. IV. Series: ASTM special technical publication: GV411.N ".06'8--dc20 CIP Copyright 9 by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1990 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. NOTE The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication. Peer Review Policy Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by three peer reviewers. The authors addressed all of the reviewers' comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s) and the ASTM Committee on Publications. The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s), but also the work of these peer reviewers. The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM. printed in Ann Arbor, MI June 1990

4 Foreword This publication, Natural and Artificial Playing Fields: Characteristics and Safety Features, contains papers presented at the Symposium on the Characteristics and Safety of Playing Surfaces (Artificial and Natural) for Field Sports, which was held 6 Dec in Phoenix, Arizona. The symposium was sponsored by ASTM Committee F-8 on Sports Equipment and Facilities and ASTM Subcommittee F08.52 on Playing Surfaces and Facilities. Roger C, Schmidt, Halstead Industries, presided as chairman of the symposium, and Earl F. Hoerner, Neuromuscular Diagnostic Service, Edward M. Milner, AstroTurf Industries, and C. A. Morehouse, Pennsylvania State University, served as cochairmen. All four also served as editors of this publication.

5 Contents Overview PLAYING FIELD STANDARDS Safety Recommendations in the Design of Athletic and Sports Fields-- ARTHUR H. MITTELSTAEDT, JK. Matching the Playing Field to the Player--MARLENE ADRIAN AND DALI XU Recommendations for the Operation and Safer Use of Playing Fields-- FRANCIS A. COSGROVE Standards for the Playing Quality of Natural Turf for Association Football-- P. M. CANAWAY, M. J. BELL, G. HOLMES, AND S. W. BAKER Standards for the Playing Quality of Artificial Turf for Association Footballs. W. BAKER SURFACE TRACTION Traction Characteristics of Outsoles for Use on Artificial Playing Surfaces-- GORDON A. VALIANT Design Criteria for Footwear and Functional Testing on Artificial and Natural Surfaces--c. J. ABRAHAM, M. NEWMAN, J. PUGH, AND L. S. SHULMAN TESTING AND CORRELATION TO ACTUAL FIELD EXPERIENCE Problems Associated with Testing the Impact Absorption Properties of Artificial Playing Surfaees--R. BRUCE MARTIN Tolerance of Several Cool-Season Turfgrasses to Simulated Sports Traffic-- STEPHEN T. COCKERHAM, VICTOR A. GIBEAULT, JOHN VAN DAM, AND MATTHEW K. LEONARD Portable Apparatus for Assessing Impact Characteristics of Athletic Field Surfaces--JOHN N. ROGERS III AND DONALD V. WADDINGTON

6 Benefits of Testing for the Owners of Artificial and Natural Turf-- RICHARD J. SCHEFSKY An Automated System for Field Testing and Soil Impact Analysis-- MARK J. BREGAR AND WILLIAM W. MOYER Laboratory Measurements of Impact Absorption on Turfgrass and Soil Surfaces--RICHARD L. HENDERSON, DONALD V. WADDINGTON, AND CHAUNCEY A. MOREHOUSE Effects of Management Practices on Impact Absorption and Shear Resistance in Natural Turf--JOHN N. ROGERS Ill AND DONALD V. WADDINGTON STATE-OF-THE-ART NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL SURFACES Prescription Athletic Turf System--WILLIAM H. DANIEL Feasibility Assessment of Randomly Oriented, Interlocking Mesh Element Matrices for Turfed Root Zoues--J. B. BEARD AND S. I. SIFERS Selection of Materials for Artificial Turf Surfaces--T. A. OROEINO AND J. W. LEFFINGWELL Performance Standards for Artificial Turf Surfaces--RICHARD D. BRELAND Selecting a Synthetic Turf Surface--EDWARD M. MILNER INDEXES Author Index Subject Index

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