CONSERVATION OF LIVESTOCK BIODIVERSITY IN SPAIN

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1 From Europe From the Mediterranean Area To Iberoamerica From Northern Africa

2 EVOLUTION OF THE SPANISH GENETIC RESOURCES Until 18th and 19th Centuries: Traditional Systems: -Family Integrated management - Extensive Management 20th Century Intensive Systems: - Animal nutrition based on concentrates Diversity Concentration

3 PRESENT SITUATION OF THE SPANISH GENETIC RESOURCES Spain count with more than 150 native breeds of all species, plus 28 with other origin. Spain is sensitized for the conservation of Domestic AnGR Spain count with active conservation programs Spain count with human and technical resources specialized on this subject Spanish conservation is organized

4 STRUCTURE OF THIS PRESENTATION 1.- Organization of AnGR Conservation in Spain 2.- AnGR Conservation Activities in Spain 3.- Present Status of the Spanish AnGR 4.- Appendix: Breeds of Spain

5 ORGANIZATION OF AnGR IN COMPETENCES EU Regulation 2070/92 (Presently 1750/99): Organization of EU agriculture productive systems compatible with the protection of the environment National Laws (Ministry of Agriculture, Royal Decree 2129/2008) Breed in one Region Breed in more than one region Autonomous Laws (Regional Ministries of Agriculture)

6 OFFICIAL RECOGNITION OF A BREED 1.- Proposal from Breeders Assoc. Or Regional Governments 2.- Technical Inform (Characterization) 3.- Presentation to the National Commission of Coordination for the Conservation, improvement and Promotion of Livestock Breeds (R.D. 2129/2008). Before, National Committee of Breeds (Created in1998) 4.- Recognition by part of the National Ministry of Agriculture 5.- Inclusion in the Official Catalogue of Breeds (To be updated)

7 OFFICIAL CATALOGUE STRUCTURE 1.- Autochthonous Breeds: - Originated in Spain - Two categories: *Developed (with census and structure) *Endangered (high risk status) 2.- Integrated Breeds: - Foreign breeds integrated in Spain at least 20 years before (census+structure) 3.- EU Breed: - Breeds from other EU countries recognized by the PZC 4.- Third Country Breeds: - Breeds from non EU Countries 5.- Spanish synthetic Breeds: 6.- Other registered equines * Breeds listed have rights to subsidies for conservation and improvement

8 INTERNAL REPRESENTATION REGIONAL SECTIONS OF SERGA REGIONAL MINISTRIES OF AGRICULTURE SERGA RBI, CONBIAND NAT. COM. OF COORDINATION NATIONAL MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE N.F.P An.G.R. EU, FAO EAAP

9 COORDINATION, RESEARCH, TECHNICAL SUPPORT Repr.National Committees Develop conservation projects and publications Org. National and International meetings SERGA: Spanish Network Maintain a Web Page and national Data-Base Maintain a Discussion List Represent Spain in international organizations

10 GENERAL CONSERVATION PLANS Development of the EU Regulations 2078/92 50 US $/UGM: - Maintain five years the census - Correct Genetic Management - Association - Registration and identification - Animal health and Official Information Royal Decree 1466/ euro/assoc./year: -Funding of conservation activities

11 STATUS OF AnGR IN CATTLE CELTIC TYPE Caldelana MEDITERRANEAN TYPE 39 Breeds: - 31 at risk -7 developed -1 extinct Blanca Cacereña

12 STATUS OF AnGR IN SHEEP FINE TYPE ROUGH TYPE Merino Canaria MID FINE WOOL LESS 43 Breeds: -10 Developed - 33 At risk Menorquina

13 STATUS OF AnGR IN GOATS MOUNTAIN TYPE Pitiusa DAYRY TYPE 22 Breeds: -5 Developed - 17 At risk Muriano- Granadina

14 STATUS OF AnGR IN PIGS CELTIC TYPE MEDITERRANEAN TYPE Celta Gallego Negre Mallorqui AFRICAN TYPE 16 Breeds: - 3 developed -9 at risk -4 extinct Negro Canario

15 STATUS OF AnGR IN HORSES SMALL HORSES Mallorquín 14 Breeds: -1 developed - 13 Endangered Andalousian Horse

16 STATUS OF AnGR IN DONKEYS Mallorquín NORTHERN TYPE Majorero AFRICAN TYPE 6 Breeds: -All endangered Asno Andaluz

17 STATUS OF AnGR IN AVIAN Mos Menorquina 15 Breeds: -1 Developed - 14 endangered

18 STATUS OF AnGR IN DOGS MOLOSOS BRACOIDS Presa Canario Perdiguero LUPOIDS GRAIODS Ca de Rater 22 Breeds: - 5 DEVELOPED - 17 At risk Podenco Canario

19 STATUS OF AnGR IN OTHER SPECIES: Canary Camels: - Recently recognized Spanish Black Turkey: - Endangered Spanish Giant Rabbit: - Probably Extinct