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1 <II> II <II> II <II> II <II> II <II> II <II> II <II> II-<II> II ' <II> UIDE -OOK National Zoological Gardens of South Africc,Pretoria IN CONJUNCTION WITH

NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS OF SOUTH AFRICA, PRE. N.

C 1ElEPHOMES D KlOse C TOILETS 1 FNlM YARD FIRST.

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2 NATIONAL ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS OF SOUTH AFRICA, PRE. N.~ II TO PARKJNG zoavenir lj'iop [0 RCNIC AREAS 9 RESTAURANT C 1ElEPHOMES D KlOse C TOILETS 1 FNlM YARD FIRST.ND I z001rms Trail signs marl< the start and the end of eac h Trail -Ol~arrt Trdl - Afuloa1s - 8G!lh<>1f -Slkhc>VCI Trdl :21, OM -iticgi Tral - Xl1=, 0le6C11 -INgwe-lYO 1rol - iljij ; Crooodle Hd<we Trail - fooog:j, Parat ADMNlSTl'IAllON ~, SECUIlflY losf & f OUND ~ ANIMAL NURSORY Kg:mo Trail -SOJt!>SOlhO _ Co...- ORENIAlION BQ\RD D INF rnmalia~ 0 WC SJND AL CJ fohw<i'rletrdl-i"""",, ; CAeLMAY A~M & REPTILE PN~K ' ~ GARDENS Im'II\b.Jlrail-~"""filJlX) -Kd~frQII - ~ '~ -nger 1rdl - ErQlsh ; ngbi -1shl.lgJlu Troll - 'landa ; Ilhno

11 From time to time the Masterplan development at the National Zoological Gardens

This could result In your guide not corresponding with what you actually Ibid In

For more information: Address of the Zoo: The Director National Zoological Gardens of

Box 754 Pretoria 0001 Telephone number: (012) 328-3265/328-6020 Fax number: (012)

za TSA ACCOMMODATeS LeARNeRS WHO WANT TO ReACH FOR THe TOP Technikon SA is proud to

In fact, we make life easier for all who strive to go higher.

following fields through distance education from Technikon SA: APPLIED COMMUNICATION

EDUCATION, TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNTING MARKETING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LAW

3 11 From time to time the Masterplan development at the National Zoological Gardens means that we have to move animals around. This could result In your guide not corresponding with what you actually Ibid In certain units. The name board at each unit wid leu you what animal you wid find there. For more information: Address of the Zoo: The Director National Zoological Gardens of South Africa P.O. Box 754 Pretoria 0001 Telephone number: (012) / Fax number: (012) TSA ACCOMMODATeS LeARNeRS WHO WANT TO ReACH FOR THe TOP Technikon SA is proud to sponsor the giraffe population of the Pretoria Zoo. In fact, we make life easier for all who strive to go higher. High-striving learners can obtain nationally recognised tertiary qualifications in the following fields through distance education from Technikon SA: APPLIED COMMUNICATION APPLIED NATURAL SCIENCES BUSINESS MANAGEMENT CORRECTIONAL SERVICES MANAGEMENT EDUCATION, TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNTING MARKETING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LAW LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING PUBLIC MANAGEMENT & DEVELOPMENT POLICE PRACTICE REAL ESTATE & ECONOMICS SECURITY MANAGEMENT. For further information, contact our regional office in Pretoria at (012) /1/2/3. TECHNIKON SA BUILDI NG YOUR CA REE R WH EREVE R YOU ARE SAATCHI & SAATCHI R ECRUITMENT AOVERTISING 63233

5 MAP OF THE ZOO Zoo hours How to use this guide Services Rules Page Inside cover THE DRIVING FORCE B EHIND CONSERVATION ingwenya trail 13 Hokwe trail At the Zoo 28 Facilities at the Zoo 30 What else is there 31 Where is what 32 RegionaIMaQ~s~ ~3=3~-, Bed & Breakfast, Spacious bedrooms with en-suite bathrooms. Walking distance from Brooklyn Plaza Shopping Centre. Tel: (012) / Clark Street, Waterkloof, Pretoria INFOMAPS RICHARD KEENAN-SMITH ADVERTISING & PRINTING ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS DINA ROOS (TEXT) MEGAN }OUBERT(EDITING) ANDREE SCHWEITZER (ART WORK) 1

The National Zoological Gardens of South Africa is situated in the heart of Pretoria on nearly 80

Such has been the National Zoological Gardens' development since its establishment in 1899 that

Not only is this the largest zoo in South Africa, it is also the only one with national status.

In the Aquarium and Reptile Park you can see 270 fish and 90 reptile species, as well as a

The National Zoological Gardens is no less proud of its exceptional array of plant life.

A large number of indigenous and exotic animal species are kept at our breeding centres at

>' This guide was designed to make your visit as smooth and enjoyable as possible.

6 The National Zoological Gardens of South Africa is situated in the heart of Pretoria on nearly 80 hectares of land. Such has been the National Zoological Gardens' development since its establishment in 1899 that today it enjoys international recognition. Not only is this the largest zoo in South Africa, it is also the only one with national status. The Zoo houses nearly a 110 mammal and 175 bird species. In the Aquarium and Reptile Park you can see 270 fish and 90 reptile species, as well as a variety of amphibians and invertebrates. The National Zoological Gardens is no less proud of its exceptional array of plant life. The collection of exotic trees is the third largest in the country. A large number of indigenous and exotic animal species are kept at our breeding centres at Lichtenburg and Potgietersrus. ". l,., J,, "'.>' This guide was designed to make your visit as smooth and enjoyable as possible. The grounds of the Zoo have been divided into eleven trails which are clearly marked on the map on the inside cover of this booklet. Each trail has been named in one of the eleven official languages of South Africa. The guide discusses each trail separately. The enclosures have been numbered on the maps of the various trails. Next to each number short descriptions are given of the animals in the enclosure. Facilities for visitors are clearly marked on each trail. Did you know ostriches lay upto 20 eggs at a time. The male incubates the eggs by night and the female by day. Did you know white pelicans breed the whole year round?! 2~ --~

rmj ~ m rn [I] Toilets Toilets are situated at the main entrance and at strategic points throughout the

Facilities for the disabled The Zoo is accessible to people in wheelchairs.

First aid First aid is available at the main entrance.

Lost children / property Lost children or property should be taken to the security staff at the main

7 rmj ~ m rn [I] Toilets Toilets are situated at the main entrance and at strategic points throughout the Zoo. All restrooms are indicated by this icon. Facilities for the disabled The Zoo is accessible to people in wheelchairs. Special facilities are available at most of the toilets. First aid First aid is available at the main entrance. In the event of an emergency, please contact the nearest conservator or security officer. Lost children / property Lost children or property should be taken to the security staff at the main entrance. Security Security staff are on duty for your convenience. Feel free to report any concerns or problems to them. Did you know that boomslang snake is back-fanged unlike most other venomous snakes?! Did you know that the female lion usually hunts, although the male sometimes assits the lioness?! ~ ~3

~ [(i1 ~ ~ ~ ~ Feeding the animals The animals in the Zoo are on balanced

Pets No pets are allowed. Pets may carry diseases or scare the animals.

Fences around enclosures Please do not climb over the fences around the

You might scare the animals or they could hurt you.

' Please dispose of any litter in these bins.

9 ~ [(i1 ~ ~ ~ ~ Feeding the animals The animals in the Zoo are on balanced diets. The wrong food could be bad for their health. Please do not feed the animals. Bicycles, roller blades and skateboards The abovementioned are prohibited within the g rounds of the Zoo. They pose a hazard to other visitors and could alarm the animals. Pets No pets are allowed. Pets may carry diseases or scare the animals. Please do not leave your pets in the car - the heat can be fatal. Fences around enclosures Please do not climb over the fences around the enclosures or put your hands through these barriers. You might scare the animals or they could hurt you. Utter Refuse bins have been installed all over the Zoo. ' Please dispose of any litter in these bins. Litter that ends up in enclosures could pose a risk to animals. Swimming at the 100 Swimming is prohibited in the Sammy Marks Fountain, the Apies River or in any other water at the Zoo. Did you know that the martial eagle is the largest african eagle?! Did you know that the hadeda is named after the squawking call it makes while flying?! ~ 5

Jan Willem Boudewyn Gunning was responsable for the founding of the Zoo in 1899.

a pigment that occurs naturally in its food.

10 Jan Willem Boudewyn Gunning was responsable for the founding of the Zoo in Today, the National Zooilogical Gardens of South Africa is one of the best Zoos in the world. Flamingoes The attractive pink colouring of the Caribbean flamingo is the result of a pigment that occurs naturally in its food. The Chilean flqmingo, which is slightly less pink, can also be seen in this enclosure. The small mounds of mud at the northern end of the enclosure are the flamingoes' nests. Did you know that the National Zoo, Pretoria is celebrating it's centenary in 1999?! Did you know that the oldest Zoo in the world dates back to the eighteenth Century?! - Schonbrunn Zoo, Vienna.

Addax The white colouring of the addax is an adaptation to the hot conditions of the Sahara desert.

This building dates from 1902. Lions were originally kept here. Zoovenir Shop Here you can buy a variety of souvenirs and treats. The old Bear House, built in 1911, has been refitted for this purpose.

Elephant African elephants are the largest terrestrial mammals in the world. Unfortunately, even they face extinction because of the destruction of their natural habitat and the trade in ivory.

11 Addax The white colouring of the addax is an adaptation to the hot conditions of the Sahara desert. A few animals still live in the wild, but most of the specimens that remain are bred and protected in zoos. Lion House m The old Lion House houses an exhibition on the history and development of zoos. This building dates from Lions were originally kept here. Zoovenir Shop Here you can buy a variety of souvenirs and treats. The old Bear House, built in 1911, has been refitted for this purpose. II Municipal Carnivore House The old Municipal Carnivore House was built in In earlier days lions and leopards, among other animals, were kept in these enclosures. Elephant African elephants are the largest terrestrial mammals in the world. Unfortunately, even they face extinction because of the destruction of their natural habitat and the trade in ivory. Elephants enjoy a mud bath to cool themselves down and to protect their skins. Elephant Indaba This Cape Dutch house used to function as a night room for elephant, rhino and hippo. It was renovated in 1997 and refitted as a facility for conferences and social functions. Giraffe The giraffe is the tallest land-living mammal. Interestingly enough, it has only seven neck vertebrae, like most other mammals. Amongst others, the blue crane also shares this enclosure with the giraffe. Although this is South Africa's national bird, it is an endangered species. Black rhinoceros In contrast to the white rhino which eats grass, the black rhino is a browser (eats leaves). Its lips are elongated to enable it to strip the leaves from the branches. Did you know that elephants sleep 1-4 hours per 24-hour cycle?! Did you know that you can have a unique conference amongst th elephants?!

They use their strong beaks to tear meat

Chimpanzees The chimpanzee is regarded as

Did you know that there are more than 900

12 Vultures may well not be the most attractive birds of prey, but they are perfectly adapted for their specific feeding habits. They use their strong beaks to tear meat from carcasses. Chimpanzees The chimpanzee is regarded as the most intelligent of all the apes. Did you know that there are more than 900 bird species in South Africa?! Did you know that more than 99% of the gene material of chimpanzees is the same as that of humans?!

$.$\ Animal nursery The animal nursery has been designed and equipped to meet the needs of baby animals.$ Camel and llama In certain parts of the world camels are still a valuable mode of transport.

Camel and llama In certain parts of the world camels are still a valuable mode of transport.

Although they became extinct in nature decades ago, they are successfully protected by zoos. Lemurs.

They balance themselves with their tails. Owls Owls are very special night birds.

Pudu The pudu is the world's smallest deer. This timid forest-dweller hails from South America.

13 .$\ Animal nursery The animal nursery has been designed and equipped to meet the needs of baby animals. These animals are rehabilitated as soon as possible. Camel and llama In certain parts of the world camels are still a valuable mode of transport. Llamas are kept for their wool and meat. Przewalski horse These horses are the only true wild horses in the world. Although they became extinct in nature decades ago, they are successfully protected by zoos. Lemurs. Lemurs are primitive primates from Madagascar. They use their strong hind legs to jump from branch to branch. They balance themselves with their tails. Owls Owls are very special night birds. They cannot move their large eyes in their eye-sockets and therefore have to turn their whole head to look around. Pudu The pudu is the world's smallest deer. This timid forest-dweller hails from South America. Giraffe The giraffe is the tallest mammal living on land. Interestingly enough, it has only seven neck vertebrae, like most other mammals. Amongst others, the blue crane shares this enclosure with the giraffe. Although this is South Africa's national bird, it is an endangered species. Did you know that the hump on a camel's back is composed not of water, but of fat?! Did you know that owls have special feathers, enabling them to fly noiselessly?!

Marmosets and tamarins These small monkeys live in

Because their natural habitat is being destroyed,

In this enclosure you can also see the slow-moving

Breeding units for birds Breeding pairs of a

the rare species, are housed in these enclosures.

14 Marmosets and tamarins These small monkeys live in the tropical rain forests of South America. Because their natural habitat is being destroyed, many species are facing extinction. In this enclosure you can also see the slow-moving two-toed sloth. Breeding units for birds Breeding pairs of a variety of indigenous and exotic birds, especially the rare species, are housed in these enclosures. Note the variety of shapes and the distinctive plumage of the birds. Did you know that there are nine different types of hornbill in Southern Africa?! id you know that the front legs of sloths are 35%) longer than thei hind legs?!

Smaller carnivores The small cat species, such as the serval and the African wild cat, have completely different hunting methods from the spotted hyaena, maned wolf or bat-eared fox.

Cheetah and king cheetah Cheetah are the fastest terrestrial mammals in the world. Their spotted coats provide excellent camouflage in their savanna habitat.

Kangaroo and emu Kangaroos must be the Australian marsupials we are most familiar with. The females carry their young in pouches on their bellies.

See if you can spot them in the dense foliage, which is very much like their natural habitat.

15 Smaller carnivores The small cat species, such as the serval and the African wild cat, have completely different hunting methods from the spotted hyaena, maned wolf or bat-eared fox. Here you will also find genet, aardwolf, ring-tailed coati, otter, beaver and caracal. Many of these animals are nocturnal. Cheetah and king cheetah Cheetah are the fastest terrestrial mammals in the world. Their spotted coats provide excellent camouflage in their savanna habitat. The unusual colour pattern of the king cheetah developed because of a gene mutation. Have a look at the informatio.n at this enclosure aining the phenomenon. Kangaroo and emu Kangaroos must be the Australian marsupials we are most familiar with. The females carry their young in pouches on their bellies. In this enclosure you can also see Australia's largest bird, the emu. Red panda These beautiful animals face extinction. Fortunately they breed very well in zoos. See if you can spot them in the dense foliage, which is very much like their natural habitat. South American animals South America is characterised by its variety of large rodents such as the capybara and the agouti. The rhea is an ostrich-like bird that lives in grasslands. The South American tapir can also be seen in this enclosure. Although the giant anteater is nocturnal, it can sometimes be seen during the day. Black rhinoceros to the white rhino which eats grass, the black rhino is a browser (it eats eaves). Its lips are elongated to be enable it to strip the leaves from the branches. Determine your weight and compare it with that of the animals on the face of the scale at the maned wolf enclosure. Did you know that bat-eared foxes can hear insects moving under the ground?! Did you know that the tongue of the giant anteater can be up to 550mm in length?!

Waterbirds ur time viewing the ducks, geese, pelicans

Environmental Education centre II Aquarium and

17 Waterbirds ur time viewing the ducks, geese, pelicans and lemurs. Environmental Education centre II Aquarium and Reptile Park Courses are held here for nature lovers of all kinds. Stroll through these areas and see a variety of fish and reptiles. Orang-utan The highly intelligent orang-utan is a solitary animal. Did you know that only 10 snakes in Southern Africa are venomous?! Did you know that primates are afraid of water?!

18 ---.~"'~j :retorid loa ~"'~I_-- It brings out the in YOU! ---~~k.ta.--- c/o Boom & Paul Kruger St. PRETORIA II (012) /6020

ibises, waldrapp ibises and Asian pheasants.

Ireland by Sammy Marks and stood at Church Square for some time.

Only three of these cast-iron fountains were ever made.

19 BOOM ST. Birds Parrots are well-known for their beautiful colours and interesting behaviour. Here you can also see other splendid birds such as scarlet ibises, waldrapp ibises and Asian pheasants. Sammy Marks fountain This interesting fountain was imported from Ireland by Sammy Marks and stood at Church Square for some time. In 1910 it was donated to the Zoo by the City Council of Pretoria. Only three of these cast-iron fountains were ever made. One was melted down during the Second World War and the whereabouts of the third are unknown. Did you know that the males and females of some species of birds look totally different?! Find the red-sided Eclectus parrot and see for yourself! Did you know that the Sammy Marks fountain is possibly the only one of it's kind in the world?!

20 WILDLIFE FUND THE DRIVING FORCE BEHIND CONSERVATION 16

1 Farmyard Farm animals are an integral part of people's daily existence,

Do your children know what cows, chickens, geese, dwarf goats and pigs look

The zoo is closed to the rest of the public at this time.

drinks) on the farm. Information on other tours is available on page 31.

21 1 Farmyard Farm animals are an integral part of people's daily existence, although we may not always be aware of it. Do your children know what cows, chickens, geese, dwarf goats and pigs look like? Hall for night tours Come and enjoy the Zoo in the company of a trained tour guide. The night tours expose you to the typical activities of nocturnal animals. The zoo is closed to the rest of the public at this time. The night tours end with a bring-and-braai (you bring your own food and drinks) on the farm. Information on other tours is available on page 31. Did you know that the National Zoo, Pretoria, presents a special programme for children in June, to teach them more about farm animals?! Did you know that t~e National Zoo, Pretoria, will start with Aquarium tours in May 1999?!

Tlhwene trail (Tswana for baboon) ± 600 metres / 45 minutes Sika deer The Dybowski

2 Addra gazelle The Addra gazelle is closely related to the mhorr gazelle, which may

The addra gazelle has a much lighter colour pattern than the mhorr gazelle.

22 Tlhwene trail (Tswana for baboon) ± 600 metres / 45 minutes Sika deer The Dybowski sika deer is a beautiful example of a group of animals not found in South Africa, namely the deer. The stag sheds his antlers in autumn, but they grow back in the spring. 2 Addra gazelle The Addra gazelle is closely related to the mhorr gazelle, which may be seen at the Breeding centre at Lichtenburg. The addra gazelle has a much lighter colour pattern than the mhorr gazelle. Zoo breeding programmes are essential to save these highly endangered animals from extinction. Did you know that antlers are covered with skin?! Did you know that there are three restaurants in the National Zoo, Pretoria?! 18~ ~ I

23 3 Scimitar-horned oryx This oryx is related to our own indigenous gemsbok. The white colour of this animal is an adaptation to the hot climate of the semi-desert regions it inhabits. 4 Baboons and monkeys Baboons are strong animals that are well adapted to living on the ground, whereas monkeys live mainly in trees. Monkeys, in contrast to apes, have long tails which they use for balancing. 5 Wattled crane Like other crane species, wattled cranes are endangered. They have remarkable dancing steps as part of their display and sometimes more than two birds can be involved. 6 Wading birds This aviary houses a number of indigenous wading birds such as ibises and spoonbills. Wading birds live in and around water. 7 Lesse Kudu The lesser kudu is a timid antelope from East Africa. They are smaller and have more stripes than the kudu found in South Africa 8 Raptors Many birds of prey are very rare due to the destruction of their habitat and because they are poisoned and shot. 9 Buffalo These buffalo come from the Addo Elephant National Park. Buffaloes from that area are free of foot-and-mouth and corridor disease. 10 Malayan tapir The striking black and white markings of the Malayan tapir camouflages it in the vegetation of its natural forest habitat. 11 Siamang The siamang is the largest of all the gibbon species. Like chimpanzees, orangutans and gorillas, they have no tails. 12 Colobus Monkey The baby colobus monkey is white or grey at birth but will develope the distinctive colour pattern of the adult later. Infants are transfered from one female to another to ensure their safety. Did you know that the genital swelling of female baboons is very attractive to the males?! ~ ~19

24 own at 'potomus poo fun and games rule. Gone are their worries. Thanks to ISCOR Quarries, the Hippo family can keep their cool!

im Vubu trail The hippopotamus is the symbol of

The pygmy hippo from West Africa is much rarer

Iscor was involved in the development of these

""''''''''1-'''''' their plump appearence,

They are even able to make short jumps from

25 im Vubu trail The hippopotamus is the symbol of Africa's rivers and lakes. The pygmy hippo from West Africa is much rarer than its larger cousin. Iscor was involved in the development of these enclosures. ""''''''''1-'''''' their plump appearence, koalas are skillful climbers. They are even able to make short jumps from branch to branch. They are, however, not very active. Hippo Hide the Hippo Hide you have a beautiful view over the hippo pool. Did you know that secretary bird is named because the quills behind its head are reiminscent of quill pens held behind the ears of old-time secretaries?! Did you know that the hippopotomus can stay submerged for up to 5 minutes?!

Megan Dunmeyer, 2016!

Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! Megan Dunmeyer, 2016! The Elephant!mammals!herbivores!calf!African!Indian!communicate!endangered!extinct Elephants are the biggest land animals! Elephants can be 9 11 feet tall and