VANCOUVER POLICE DEPARTMENT

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1 VANCOUVER POLICE DEPARTMENT REPORT TO THE VANCOUVER POLICE BOARD REPORT DATE: October 2, 2018 BOARD MEETING DATE: October 24, 2018 BOARD REPORT # 1810P01 Regular TO: FROM: SUBJECT: Vancouver Police Board Drazen Manojlovic, Director, Planning, Research & Audit Section Q Key Performance Indicators Report RECOMMENDATION: That the Vancouver Police Board receive this report for information. BACKGROUND: The Key Performance Indicators (KPI) report is produced quarterly. This report reviews: violent crime; property crime; apprehensions under section 28 of the Mental Health Act (MHA); calls for service; average priority 1 response time; the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia s (ICBC) reported traffic injuries, and; traffic fatalities. This report provides a macro-level perspective of organizational performance and overall public safety. Beginning in 2018, Statistics Canada has changed crime counting standards to include unfounded incidents. KPI reports throughout 2018 will reflect this change and previous years results were retroactively calculated to include unfounded incidents. Also, crime statistics record the date the incident was reported to the police ( reported date ) and the date the incident occurred ( occurred date ). Previous KPI reports used the occurred date as this date was more reflective of active crime trends emerging in Vancouver. Statistics Canada uses the reported date to report crime statistics and 2018 KPI Reports will use that standard as well to maintain consistency. Previous years results have also been retroactively calculated to reflect the reported date. DISCUSSION: The following is a summary of the Q3 year-to-date (YTD) 2018 KPI Report (all results compare January 1 September 30, 2018, with the results for the same period in 2017):

2 Violent Crime Violent crime decreased by 0.4%. There were 14 incidents of culpable homicide in 2018 and 15 in 2017 Sexual offences increased by 18.5% (although for offences that occurred in 2018, and compared to those that occurred in 2017, sexual offences decreased by 5.8% - please see page 3) There were 26 bank robbery incidents in 2018 compared to 42 in 2017 There were 16 shots fired incidents in 2018 compared to 28 in 2017 Property Crime Property crime increased by 5.5%. B&E - Business incidents decreased by 6.6% B&E - Residential incidents decreased by 15.3% Theft from Auto <>$5K incidents increased by 19.5% Section 28 MHA Apprehensions The number of section 28 MHA apprehensions increased by 3.1%, from 2,162 incidents in 2017 to 2,228 incidents in Calls for Service Comparing the first three quarters of 2017 to 2018, there has been a 0.1% rise in the total number of calls for service (from 201,910 to 202,171) Priority 1 Response Time Vancouver s 2018 priority 1 response time (9:58) was 1.7%, or 10 seconds, slower when compared to the 2017 (9:48). Traffic Injuries & Deaths ICBC data shows Vancouver has experienced 3.8% more ICBC reported motor vehicle collisions with injuries from January to March 2018 (2,752) compared to the same period in 2017 (2,651). Please note ICBC recommends a six month deferral in reporting this data. With regard to fatal motor vehicle collisions, there were 9 fatalities in YTD Q as well as 9 fatalities in REPORT SCHEDULE: The VPD will provide the Vancouver Police Board with the last 2018 KPI report (year-end 2018) in February Author: Correen Smitas Telephone: Date: October 2, 2018 Submitting Executive Member (signature): Supt. Martin Bruce Date: October 15,

3 VIOLENT CRIME Table 1 shows that 2018 violent crime incidents are down by 0.4% when compared to the same period in Table 1: Violent Crime Incidents: YTD Q Compared to YTD Q Jan-Sep 2018 Jan-Sep 2017 % Change Incidents 3,934 3, % The graphs in Figure 1 depict the 10-year trend for culpable homicide, sexual offences, bank robberies, and shots fired. Culpable homicides, sexual offences and shots fired show an overall increasing trend, whereas bank robberies have a decreasing trend. Figure 1: 10-Year Trend for YTD Q3 Selected Violent Crime Incidents Culpable Homicides As previously mentioned, 2018 KPI reports now count unfounded and founded incidents, and use the reported date of the offence (as opposed to the occurred date). These changes were made to ensure consistency with Statistics Canada crime reporting standards. From a statistical perspective, the largest impact resulting from these changes is seen in the reporting of sexual offences. Specifically, it is the change from occurred date to reported date that has the greatest impact. For example in 2017, 99.9% of all property crimes were reported in the same year as the incident occurred. For violent offences such as robbery, this percentage is at 99.8% and for assaults the percentage is at 99.6%. Sexual offences often have historical elements to them and this is often reflected in the difference between the reported date and the occurred date. A notable portion of sexual offences have occurred in the years prior to the reported year. For example, 19.0% of the sexual offences reported to the VPD in 2017 occurred in previous years. To provide perspective, sexual offences have actually decreased by 5.8% (comparing YTD Q to YTD Q3 2017) under the previous method of using the occurred date to count sexual offences. 3

4 Rep Date Occ Date Sexual Offences Bank Robberies Shots Fired Incidents

5 Figure 2 shows the year-end violent crime rate decreased by 34.1% from 2008 to Figure 2: 10-Year Trend for Violent Crime Rate Violent Crime Rate per 1,000 Population

6 PROPERTY CRIME Table 2 shows that 2018 property crime incidents are up 5.5% when compared to the same period in Table 2: Property Crime Incidents: YTD Q Compared to YTD Q Jan-Sep 2018 Jan-Sep 2017 % Change Incidents 31,410 29, % The following figures reflect Q3 YTD data for break & enters (B&E) into businesses and residences, and thefts from automobiles (over and under $5,000) over the past 10 years. The ten-year trend for business B&Es shows to be increasing; however, this property crime type has decreased two years in a row. The trend line also shows theft from autos are increasing, while the trend for residential B&Es is decreasing. Figure 3: 10-Year Trend for YTD Q3 Selected Property Crime Incidents Break & Enter - Business 1,433 1,267 1,361 1,308 1,345 1,662 1,801 2,052 1,598 1,492 Break & Enter - Residence 2,025 1,934 1,925 1,839 1,759 1,636 1,577 1,603 1,354 1,147 6

7 Theft from Auto (<>$5K) 7,473 6,162 5,523 5,815 5,646 7,180 6,986 9,580 8,826 10,546 Figure 4 shows there was a 3.4% decrease in the property crime rate. The decrease in the property crime rate between 2016 and 2017 ended five consecutive years of increasing property crime rates (from ). Figure 4: 10-Year Trend for Property Crime Rate Property Crime Rate per 1,000 Population

8 S. 28 MENTAL HEALTH ACT APPREHENSIONS Under section 28 of the Mental Health Act (MHA), a police officer may apprehend and immediately take a person to a physician for examination if satisfied that the person is acting in a manner likely to endanger themselves or others, and is apparently a person with mental health issues. The below tables shows the number of section 28 MHA apprehensions increased by 3.1%, from 2,162 incidents in 2017 to 2,228 incidents in Table 3: Section28 MHA Apprehensions: YTD Q Compared to YTD Q Jan-Sep 2018 Jan-Sep 2017 % Change s. 28 MHA Incidents 2,228 2, % Figure 5 presents the number of section 28 MHA apprehensions that have occurred from 2010 (1,699) to 2018 (2,228). Figure 5: 9-Year Trend for YTD Q3 Section 28 MHA Apprehensions 1,699 1,852 1,923 2,158 2,293 2,251 2,201 2,162 2,

9 Figure 6 shows the number of section 28 MHA apprehensions increased each year from 2010 (2,278) to 2015 (3,050); however, such apprehensions have experienced two consecutive annual decreases in 2016 (2,822) and 2017 (2,790). Figure 6: 8-Year Trend for Section 28 MHA Apprehensions 2,278 2,489 2,636 2,873 3,010 3,050 2,822 2,

10 CALLS FOR SERVICE Calls for service (CFS) are an important strategic metric as they are a more accurate reflection of the total workload of members than crime counts. Comparing the first three quarters of 2017 (201,910) to 2018 (202,171), there has been a 0.1% rise in the total number of calls for service. Table 4: Calls for Service: YTD Q Compared to YTD Q Jan-Sep 2018 Jan-Sep 2017 % Change Calls for Service 202, , % Figure 7 shows Q3 YTD CFS between 2009 and Calls for service have been increasing annually since Overall, the trend line shows calls for service have been increasing over the past 10 years. Figure 7: 10-Year Trend for YTD Q3 Calls for Service Total Calls for Service 174, , , , , , , , , ,171 10

11 Figure 8 shows calls for service between 2008 (249,132) and 2017 (267,937). Calls for service has increased annually since 2012 (208,331), an increase of 28.6%. Figure 8: 10-Year Trend for Calls for Service Total Calls for Service 249, , , , , , , , , ,

12 PRIORITY 1 RESPONSE TIMES Table 5 compares Q3 YTD priority 1 (P1) response time data from 2017 to The average 2018 priority 1 response time (9:58) was 1.7%, or 10 seconds, slower when compared to the 2017 priority 1 response time (9:48). Table 5: Priority 1 Response Times: YTD Q Compared to YTD Q Jan-Sep 2018 Jan-Sep 2017 % Change Minutes:seconds 9:58 9:48 1.7% Figure 9 shows Q3 YTD response times between 2009 and Since 2011, there have been consistent annual increases, with 2018 having the highest Q3 YTD response time (9:58) in the past 10 years. Figure 9: 10-Year Trend for P1 YTD Q3 Response Times Response Times (mm:ss) 08:42 08:46 08:16 08:33 09:00 09:04 09:22 09:43 09:48 09:58 12

13 Figure 10 shows response times between 2008 and The average annual response time has increased since 2011; however, last year s increase was the lowest increase (1 second) since Figure 10: 10-Year Trend for P1 Response Times Response Times (mm:ss) 08:37 08:42 08:44 08:17 08:38 08:59 09:10 09:29 09:45 09:

14 TRAFFIC RELATED INJURIES & DEATHS ICBC data 1 shows Vancouver has experienced data shows Vancouver has experienced 3.8% more ICBC reported injuries from January to March 2017 (2,651) compared to the same period in 2018 (2,752). Table 6: Q1 ICBC Reported Injuries & Fatalities: 2017 Compared to 2018 Jan-Mar 2018 Jan-Mar 2017 % Change Incidents 2,752 2, % ICBC s update to their claims database is reliable for data going back to As such, moving forward, 2014 is now considered the base-line year when analysing year-to-year data. ICBC recommends a six month deferral period when reporting this data. The below figure shows Q1 YTD ICBC reported injuries and fatalities between 2014 and With the exception of 2017, since 2014 there has been consistent Q1 increases, with 2018 having the highest Q1 YTD increase (2,752) in the past 5 years. Figure 11: 5-Year Trend for Q1 ICBC Reported Injuries & Fatalities ICBC incidents 2,114 2,315 2,687 2,651 2, January to March 1 ICBC data is lagging two quarters behind to maximize data reliability. 14

15 Figure 12 depicts the number of year-end ICBC reported injuries and deaths from 2014 to There have been three consecutive annual increases in injuries and deaths from 2014 (9,816) to 2017 (11,660), an 18.8% increase. Figure 12: 4-Year Trend for ICBC Reported Injuries & Fatalities ICBC incidents 9,816 10,402 11,449 11, Figure 13 compares traffic fatalities over the past 10 years. There were 9 fatalities in YTD Q as well as in Figure 13: 10-Year Trend for YTD Q3 Traffic Fatalities

16 Figure 14 shows there were 13 fatalities involving a motor vehicle in This is down two incidents when compared to Figure 14: 10-Year Trend for Traffic Fatalities

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