challenges the Governor General on their power

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1 POLITICAL: Event Brief Summary Significance Paris Peace conference Meeting of the Allied Victors in World War I, to set peace terms of Germany And other defeated nations. Balfour Report The report declared that the Dominion of Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand are turned into British Commonwealth Countries. Giving the commonwealth countries the power to govern themselves as an independent country. Statute of Westminster After the imperial conference (Balfour report) commonwealth countries now have the power to make their own laws. King-Byng Crisis Prime Minister King challenges the Governor General on their power Canada s entry into World War II Newfoundland enters confederation Supreme Court of Canada 1949 When Germany invaded Poland, The Allied Countries declared war on Germany. As Canada was one of the Britain s commonwealth countries they must participate in the war. Dominion of Newfoundland became the 10 th province of Canada. The supreme court became the final court appeal for Canada in Highest court in the country. When cases are appealed at both provincial and federal levels the last place they can appeal to is the Supreme Court

2 Introduction of the Ample leaf Flag Constitution ACT of 1982 Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom The Amending Formula The notw ithstanding clause Prime minister Lester B. Pearson introduced a new flag for Canada. Pierre Elliot Trudeau reached a compromise with the queen on April , so that the constitution act would no longer be under Britain s control. It forms the first part of the Constitution action of 1982, it guaranteed certain political and civil rights of people in Canada. This was a formula that was created to make changes to the constitution. Changes could be made to the constitution if 7 out of the 10 provinces representing 50% of the Canadian population agreed on the change. Allowed the federal government or provinces to opt out of some of the clauses in the charter. Judges are appointed by governor general The Supreme court consists of 9 judges ( 3 judges must come from Quebec)! Queen Elizabeth II approved the Maple leaf Flag by signing a Royal Proclamation on January 28, 1965.! The change of the flag from union jack to maple leaf flag was to cut their ties with Britain. The Constitution Act of 1982 consists of Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom, Rights of the aboriginal people, equalization of regional disparity The Constitution act no longer is under Britain s control It is created to unify the Canadians around a set of principles. The Charter of Right came from the Bill of Rights. The Charter of Right is more explicit than the Bill of Rights. The Charter of rights only applies to government laws and actions

3 GLOBAL Creation of C.E.F Battle of Vimy Ridge Chanak Crisis in Turkey BCATP It was created for the involvement of World War I The Canadian Army won the battle of Vimy ridge Canadian refused unconditional support for British imperial war policy. British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. D Day: Juno Beach Landing Juno was one of the 5 targets at Normandy. Canadian forces were assigned the target of a beachfront code-named Juno. Liberation of Netherland Canada Joins NATO and NORAD SUEZ Crisis The Canadian forces were given the task to liberate Netherland, and it turned out to be a critical success. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization(NATO) and North American Air- Defence Radar ( NORAD) In 1956, a crisis over the Suez Canal. The president of Egypt seized the Suez canal From Britain and France. So in response Britain and France joined Israel to attack Egypt. The Soviet Union sided with Egypt. Lester B. Pearson acting as Canada s Minister and external affairs, asked It attended many wars in World War I; it made significant history that changed the Canadian s reputation forever.. Training pilots and other crew members from Commonwealth countries. It trained over pilots, navigator, flight engineer, and ground staff. 14,000 Canadian soldier, 100 ships and 36 bombers were involved in this operation. However 5,000 Canadians were killed in the battle of Normandy The tasks for the Canadians were to make their way past the German barriers and other barbed obstacles and work their way inland. May 5, 1945, Canadian force drove the Nazis to retreat from Holland and Surrender. This important victory led to the end of World War II. Canada joined NATO and NORAD to find protection from USSR and other communism countries. Canada joined these organizations for peacekeeping efforts. Lester B. Pearson won the Nobel Peace Prize for his peacekeeping efforts in Suez Canal crisis.

4 Cuban missile Crisis Bomarc missile issue Vietnam War to create UNEF to help keep the combatant apart. As a result the war was avoided. United States and the Soviet Union Stockpiled missiles around the world. The Soviet Union stockpiled there nuclear weapons in Cuba. They were afraid both countries would cause nuclear war. Through negotiation between to countries, the nuclear war was avoided. In 1953 the RCAF requested a new aircraft to meet the growing need of defence in the Northern Hemisphere because Canadians were concerned with the possibility of Soviet s attack. Therefore Canada created Avro Arrow. The cost of the Avro Arrow reached almost 4 million per plane. The Canadian government couldn t afford it, therefore they stopped the project and turned to buy the Bomarc Missiles made by U.S. The north side of Vietnam was communist controlled, while the south was democracy controlled. The United States support the South. The war lasted more than 20 years. American President John F. Kennedy and Soviet leader Khrushchev promised each other to remove the missiles if the Americans would issue a promise not to invade Cuba. Nuclear war was avoided. The Canadian government bought the U.S made Bomarc Missiles because it was cheaper 14,000 Canadians lost their jobs in the aeroplane industry. The Americans put a great deal of pressure on the Canadian government to get rid of the airplane. Thousands of refugees were accepted to Canada. After the Vietnam War the North Vietnamese controlled the South Vietnamese and was unified under the communist rule.

5 SOCIAL Persons Case The Famous Five challenge the Canadian Government on the status of women as a person Omnibus Bill Introduced by Pierre Trudeau in 1969-made changes in social legislation The Indian Act The act that was created in 1876 to regulate the lives of the First Nations in Canada. Emily Carr and Group of Seven Canadian Artists Their artworks display the natural Hockey Night in Canada (1923) Hockey night in Canada is the longest running show in television history in North America. It airs every Saturday night coast to coast in Canada. It features every hockey actions. beauty of Canada. It remains the highest viewing rated programs in Canada. World s oldest sport-related program being broadcast. Maclean s Magazine Weekly news magazine It reports Canadian issues such as politics, pop culture and current events. Creation of CBC radio (1939) National Film Board established (1939) Massey Commission (1949) Canadian Council Established (1957) It broadcast much variety of things like music, traffic, news and other information. Canada s public film producer and distributor. It examined Canada s cultural sovereignty from US It funds and encourages the production of Art in Canada CBC operates in English and in French It won more than 5000 awards It produces and distributes innovative, socially relevant documentary and Animations. In 1951 it concluded that Canada s culture has been threatened, and later recommended the creation of institution such as National Library of Canada and the Canadian Council. It gives scholarship awards, the Governor General's Literary Awards and the Governor General's Awards in Visual and Media Arts, for their outstanding skills in Art. The Canadian Council supervises the Art Bank, which has the largest

6 CRTC created Responsibility to regulate the telecommunication carriers. contemporary Canadian art in the world. They regulate the content of the commercial being broadcast in Canada. They regulate the prices cable television broadcast distributors are allowed to charged. Regulate the local landline telephone services held in Canada. The Multicultural Act Legal frameworks supported the Multicultural policy. Equality and respect for all races became part of all federal institutions. Montreal Olympic 1976 Calgary Winter Olympic 1988 Montreal was the first Olympic game held in Canada. And Calgary first winter game held in Canada. Montreal was in great debt after the Olympic Games. The Montreal Game was opened by Queen Elizabeth II. First host country failed to win any gold medal in the Olympic game.

DEFINING CANADA: A NATION CHOOSES THE 101 THINGS THAT BEST DEFINE THEIR COUNTRY

DEFINING CANADA: A NATION CHOOSES THE 101 THINGS THAT BEST DEFINE THEIR COUNTRY Unprecedented, Definitive National Survey Identifies Top People, Places, Events, Accomplishments and Symbols that Define