Chapter 5: Lesson 1 The Colonist come to Texas. u Take notes on the following slides. u The text in blue is the most important for you to know.

Transcription

1 Chapter 5: Lesson 1 The Colonist come to Texas u Take notes on the following slides. u The text in blue is the most important for you to know.

2 u The Spanish had been in the Americas since Columbus in u Spain owned a large part of North America, including Texas. Spanish Texas

3 Mexico s Independence of Spain u The revolution in Mexico is important to Texas because Texas was part of Mexico at the time of the revolution. u The primary reason for the revolution to take place in Mexico, was that many Mexicans were tired of unfair taxes and laws. u Miguel Hidalgo- gave his great speech to speak out against the Spanish called, el grito de Dolores - The cry of Dolores. In his speech he inspires the people to aim for a government that is fair for all the people and to start a revolution.

4 In 1821, Mexico won independence from Spain

5 Moses Austin u An American, Moses Austin was given permission by the Spanish government to start a colony in Texas. u All the Americans had to do was follow Spanish laws. u Moses died in 1821, so his son Stephen tried to start the colony.

6 Mexican Independence Changes Texas u The Mexican government told Stephen Austin his settlers would have to become Mexican citizens and members of the Roman Catholic Church, and learn Spanish.- government always worked together with religion within their culture u Between 1821 and 1827, Austin attracted 297 families to his new settlement, they were known as The Three Hundred

7 The Three Hundred The success of Austin s colony attracted more land speculators and settlers to Texas from the United States. Some were looking for a new life, some were escaping from the law, and others were looking for a chance to grow rich. By 1830, the population had swelled to about 30,000,with Americans outnumbering the Tejanos six to one.

8 Every day life u Homes were made out of stones, mud and timber. u Furniture was made from wood from nearby trees. u Stuffed goose feathers or corn husks into mattresses. u Families worked together: Dad and their sons- hunted Mom and their daughters- gardened, sewed, cooked Everyone- planted crops and plowed fields cash crop- crops that are grown to be sold at the market (included cotton, sugar cane and even raising cattle)

9 New Beginnings u The first years in the colony were tough. v drought v attacks by Karankawas- Austin s colony was built on their land and they weren t happy v many colonists returning to the United States u Gale Borden- a colonist who helped make life easier. He helped contribute to the following: 1. started a local newspaper 2. spent 5 years working on a new product condensed milk- to prevent milk from spoiling 3. Put money back into schools and within the community.

10 People to take note of u Martin de Leon and Patricia de la Garza de Leon- were empresarios (person whom brings settlers into colonies and enforce laws). Together they received a grant for 500 Mexicans to receive land northeast of the Austin colony. They were responsible for creating a colony that was almost entirely Mexican. u Vaqueros- were Native American cowboys. Most of them lived in missions. They traded cattle for needed supplies. The Vaqueros spent most of their days on horseback rounding up cattle and moving them around hundreds of miles to go to the market. It is because of the Vaqueros that we have established our Texas cowboy clothing, traditions and equipment.

11 Chapter 5 Lesson 2 Trouble Brews in Texas

12 Rising Tensions in Texas u the Mexican government was against slavery, but the settlers wanted to keep their slaves so they could grow cotton. Since both Mexicans and Anglo American Settlers had a common goal of wanting the colonies to make money, they allowed the settlers to keep their slaves. However, the Anglos weren t sure how long they would be able to keep their slaves. u The Anglo American settlers spoke English and didn t want to learn Spanish or follow Mexican laws.

13 Rising Tensions in Texas continued u Very few settlers had converted to Catholicism, even though that was required to become citizens of Mexico u Law of April 6- Mexican leaders pass a law saying few Americans and absolutely no slaves could enter Texas. It also stated that goods coming into Texas ports would be taxed.

14 Texas talk of taking action u San Felipe de Austin- where colonist met to convene to talk about Mexico allowing U.S. citizens to come back into Texas again. Secondly, they wanted to talk about Texas becoming a separate state that was still part of Mexico, in hopes to allow them to make more of their own decisions. u Stephen F. Austin travels to Mexico City to meet with Santa Anna, (President of Mexico-dictator)- to discuss plans for solving problems faced by Texas colonist