Milking center performance and cost
|
|
- Charity Nash
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 A3574 Milking Center Advisor Interactive software for estimating milking center costs and performance by Douglas J. Reinemann Milking center performance and cost depend upon many variables, such as the type and intensity of your management system, the dairy s location, and the type of equipment and building techniques used. Milking Center Advisor software was designed to help you maximize the efficiency of your milking center by calculating the capital cost of a milking center and freestall barn, and tabulating the number of cows milked per hour. Yearly capital costs are combined with annual labor costs to yield total annual milking cost. The program can help you choose the size of a new milking parlor, select equipment, or provide you with information to evaluate equipment modifications in an existing parlor. Because each dairy s circumstances are unique, the results obtained from this software should be taken as approximations. The program should be used to compare options, not to develop exact cost and performance figures. Instructions for loading and running the software and examples of inputs and outputs are shown in Appendix A. For most inputs, the user supplies either the actual numerical value or a high, medium, or low indicator. The indicators are converted to numerical values representing a reasonable range for the corresponding value. Figure 1. The graph shows the throughput rate for various sized parlors operated by one or two milkers working at 85% efficiency. The 85% rate reflects the following task times: 6 seconds per stall to release and reload 30 seconds to prep and attach unit 6 minutes average milk-out time 6 seconds post-dip per cow Building and equipment costs The milking center should include a holding area, return lanes, animal retention area, milk and utility rooms, an office, and a milking parlor. (The milking parlor makes up only a small portion of the milking center.) The milking center s design must ensure that its components work well together. The milking center must also be integrated into all other facilities on the dairy. This will help you realize the full benefit of your investment in each component. Building and equipment costs are separated into four parts: 1) freestall barn; 2) milking center building; 3) milk house equipment; and 4) milking equipment. For this analysis, the milking center includes a milking parlor, holding area, animal retention pens, milk house, office and utility room. Building sizes are based on stock plans used by various milking equipment companies. Building costs on a per-square-foot basis represent actual 1993 figures. Equipment costs are estimates from various milking equipment companies. Figure 1 Estimated parlor throughput Cows milked per hour The software provides only approximate building and equipment costs. You can obtain better estimates of construction and equipment costs from your local milking equipment dealers and farm builders. Actual cost figures from these sources may be entered directly as inputs. Capital costs are reported annually for depreciation, interest, repairs, taxes and insurance. Parlor throughput (cows milked per hour) Aprimary reason for investing in a milking parlor is to increase the number of cows milked per person per hour. Other benefits include improved working conditions, increased milking uniformity and more attractive conditions for hired or family labor. These pluses must be weighed against the capital cost of the parlor. A combination of factors unique to each dairy will influence the type and size of milking parlor to choose. (Only doublesided herringbone or parallel parlors are considered here since these make up the largest share of parlors being installed.) 1 operator 2 operator Number of stalls per side
2 2 Milking tasks times are separated into four functional groups: 1) cow movement; 2) prepping cows and attaching units; 3) machine on time; and 4) post-milking unit removal andor teat dip. The time required to work both sides of the parlor is calculated by adding the user selected task times (assuming an efficient milking routine). The resulting time to perform one turn is then used to calculate the maximum theoretical parlor throughput. This milking rate can be reduced by 10 to 20 percent based on the ability of the milker and the dairy s management level. This method produces throughput which corresponds well to actual field performance data with reasonable assumptions for milking task timing. Parlor throughput measured in cows milked per hour is the figure most often quoted in milking parlor literature. The operator(s) often perform other tasks such as setting up equipment, moving groups of cows from housing to holding pen, and washing the parlor and equipment. You can add these task times to the actual milking time to determine the total time it takes to perform one milking. User inputs User inputs and their definitions are presented here in the order in which they appear on the spreadsheet. Freestall barn cost includes the cost of the barn (shell and concrete for floor), stalls, gates, electrical service, and waterers. The low range is typical of a wood frame, uninsulated, naturally ventilated barn with curtain sidewalls and scraped concrete alleys. The high range represents a barn with insulated walls and roof, sliding or tilting doors for ventilation, and a slatted floor over gravity manure gutters with a central collection pit. Length of milking shift (hours) Milking center building cost includes an adequately sized holding area, catch pens, parlor area, utility and milk rooms and office. The size of the milking center building is scaled to the parlor size. The low range is typical of a building with an uninsulated holding area with curtain sidewalls, and wood frame construction for the parlor, milk and utility rooms. The high range is representative of a building with an insulated holding area and concrete block wall structure in the parlorutility area. Milk house equipment cost includes equipment such as the bulk tank, refrigeration unit(s), water heater, ventilation system, vacuum pumps and washing sink for the low range. The 1 0 Number of cows milked high range covers devices such as an automatic washer, heat recovery equipment and well water pre-cooler. Milking equipment cost includes all equipment in the parlor and holding area, such as milking units, stalls, gates and parlor automation. The low range is typical of a parlor and pipeline milking system with no automation (manual unit removal, manual entrance and exit gates, and no crowd gates). The middle range includes automation such as automatic unit removers, and powered entrance, exit and crowd gates. The high range represents the medium range of automation plus computerized cow identification, milk metering and automatic backflush. Figure 2. Using a range of parlor and herd sizes, the length of milking shifts for workers operating at 85% efficiency is given. Information is calculated based on the following task times: 6 seconds per stall to release and reload 30 seconds to prep and attach unit 6 minutes average milk-out time 6 seconds post-dip per cow 45 minutes set-up and wash equipment 15 minutes to move group from the barn Length of milking shift Double 4 Double 6 Double 12 (2 operators) Double 8 Double 16 (2 operators)
3 Milking tasks timing Milking task time ranges are based on studies of actual milking parlors and recommended milking practices. A table of the suggested range of times is presented in the spreadsheet along with the time inputs. This table is shown in screen 2 in Appendix A. Releasereload is the time required to release a group of cows from one side of the parlor and reload that side with the next group. Time is calculated as the number of seconds per milking stall. The time required to move cows depends on the type of stalls used (single file or rapid exit), the degree of gate automation, and the cow flow pattern. The slow range corresponds to a parlor with manual entrance and exit gates, single file exit and no crowd gate in the holding area. The medium range represents a single file exit parlor with powered entrance, exit and crowd gates and good cow flow. The high range represents a rapid exit parlor with powered gates and excellent cow flow. Prep and attach unit is the time, in seconds, required to perform all tasks before and including attachment of milking units. This may include washing udders, pre-dipping teats, drying teats and udders, stimulating udders and attaching the milking unit. The time may be adjusted according to which of these tasks is performed. The cleanliness of cows entering the parlor and the care given to cleaning and drying udders has a great deal of influence on this time. Prep and attach time is a major factor in both parlor throughput and udder health. Reducing prep and attach time is the surest way to increase parlor throughput, but may also lead to increased udder health problems. Average milk-out time is the time, in minutes, required for complete milk-out or unit on time. It is assumed that milking units are removed at the end of milking by automatic detachers or manually by the operator. Milk-out time will generally be lowered by one-half to one minute when going from two-time to threetime a day milking. Detachpost dip is the time, in seconds per cow, to perform any tasks after milking is completed such as post dipping, checking udders, and manual unit removal if automatic detachers are not used. Adjust time according to which tasks are manually performed by the operator(s). Milker efficiency is the percentage of the maximum theoretical milking rate that the operator(s) achieves. Consider the physical condition and motivation level of the operators when choosing this number. Equipment setup and wash is the time, in minutes, required to set up equipment before milking and to wash it when milking ends. Move group from barn is the time, in minutes, required to move one milking group from its housing area into the holding area. Enter zero if the people doing the milking do not perform this task. The number of groups is automatically calculated from the size of the milking herd, estimated parlor throughput, and one hour maximum time in the holding area. Labor and financial inputs Milkings per day is the number of times the cows are milked (2 or 3) per day. Reduce average milk-out time by one-half to one minute for the herd if 3-time per day milking is chosen. Maximum units per side per operator indicates the maximum number of milking units per parlor side that one operator would be expected to use. A value of 8 entered here means that double-8 parlors and smaller will be run by one operator. A double-9 and above would employ two operators. The PARLOR RATE graph may be consulted to help determine this value after the desired milking task timing inputs have been entered. The milking center s level of automation, design, and management have a significant impact on the number of units one operator can practically handle. Labor cost is the wage paid to the operator(s), including fringe benefits in dollars per hour. Use a reasonable figure for competent help in your area if you anticipate using hired labor. Consider the value of the owneroperator s time compared to time spent on other management tasks if this person is also expecting to work in the parlor. Barn stocking density is the ratio of stalls in the freestall barn to the number of cows housed there. A 300- stall barn housing 330 cows would have a stocking density of 110 percent. Capital annualization factors are the five parameters used to determine the annual cost of the capital investment. These factors are entered separately for buildings and equipment. The annualization factors and their default values are: Buildings Equip. Interest 12.0% 12.0% Depreciation 5.0% 10.0% Repairs 5.0% 5.0% Taxes 1.5% 0.0% Insurance 0.5% 0.5% 3 Individual case analysis Labor, capital cost and milking time analysis using the above inputs is performed for both a range of parlor and herd sizes and for a user-selected individual case. Output for individual case examples is presented in table form. The following two inputs determine the herd and parlor size used for an individual case analysis.
4 4 Inputs Number of cows to milk is the size of the milking herd. This value is used to size the freestall barn and determine total time for one milking in an individual case analysis. Calculations are also performed for herd sizes from 50 to 600 for the general case graph output. Number of parlor stalls per side is the size of the parlor to be used for detailed individual case output. For a double-8 parlor, enter 8. Calculations are also performed for general case graph output for double-2 to double-20 parlors. Outputs Parlor throughput is the number of cows milked per hour in the particular parlor size selected for individual case output. Time for each milking is the length of each milking shift, in hours, for the herd selected for individual case output analysis. This includes time for setting up and washing equipment, and moving cow groups to the holding area. Number of operators is the number of operators in the parlor during each milking. Milking center cost is the cost of all buildings and equipment associated with the milking center and is expressed as total capital cost, capital cost per cow, total annual cost and annual cost per cow. Freestall barn cost is the cost of animal housing facilities and is expressed as total capital cost, capital cost per cow, total annual cost and annual cost per cow. Milking center cost + barn cost is the combined expense of the milking center and freestall barn expressed as total capital cost, capital cost per cow, total annual cost and annual cost per cow. Milking labor cost is the cost of labor expressed as the total annual labor cost to milk the selected herd size and the annual labor cost per cow. Milking center + milking labor cost combines the annual costs of the milking facility and milking labor expressed as total annual cost and annual cost per cow. Milking center + barn + milking labor cost combines the yearly cost of animal housing, milking facilities and milking labor and is expressed as a total annual cost and annual cost per cow. Note that these costs do not include labor and facilities for manure handling, feeding, freestall maintenance, or any other tasks and facilities not associated with milking. Figure 3. Assumes milkhouse and milking equipment costs, freestall barn and milking center building costs in the medium range. Capital cost of facilities 3000 Capital cost per cow ($) Double 6 Double 4 Double 8 Double 12 Double Number of cows to milk
5 5 Figure 4. Assumes medium-range freestall barn and milking center building costs; milkhouse and milking equipment costs are also medium. Labor cost is $10 per hour. Annual cost of labor & facilities 900 Annual cost per cow Double 4 Double 6 Double 12 (2 operators) Double Number of cows to milk General case outputs Cost and performance information for varying herd and parlor sizes is available in the following graphs: PARLOR RATE indicates the throughput rate for various parlor sizes operated by both one and two milkers. This rate reflects the task timing chosen by the user. Field data on parlor performance is also shown on the graph as a point of reference. An example is presented in Figure 1. MILKING TIME presents the length of each milking shift for a range of parlor and herd sizes. These times account for setting up equipment before milking, moving groups from animal housing to the holding area, and cleaning equipment after milking as chosen by the user. An example is presented in Figure 2. CAPITAL COST indicates the total capital investment per cow for the milking center (and animal housing if included). Costs are based on the inputs selected by the user. An example is presented in Figure 3. ANNUAL COST presents the total yearly facility and labor cost per cow for a range of herd and parlor sizes. An example is presented in Figure 4.
6 6 APPENDIX A Instructions for loading and running software The following hardware and software is required to operate this software: an IBM or compatible computer with a floppy disk drive running LOTUS 123, version 2 or 3. This spreadsheet was developed using LOTUS 123, version 3.1 and is available on the disk as the file PARPLAN.WK3. Another version is available for LOTUS 123, version 2 Screen 1 under the file name PARPLAN.WK1. To use the spreadsheet start the appropriate version of LOTUS 123 on your IBM-compatible computer. Place the program disk in your floppy disk drive (usually drive A or B). Use the following LOTUS 123 command sequence to retrieve the file: FILE RETRIEVE Enter the name of the floppy disk drive and program file; for example, A:\parplan.wk3 if you are using LOTUS 123, version 3 and the program disk is in drive A; B: parplan.wk2 if you are using LOTUS 123, version 2 and the program disk is in drive B. A brief introduction and user instructions should appear on the screen. Hit the HOME key if this does not occur. The first screen should look like this: Milking Parlor Labor versus Capital Analysis by Douglas J. Reinemann, Extension Agricultural Engineer University of Wisconsin - Madison This spreadsheet estimates milking parlor costs and performance. Costs which can be calculated are: milking center buildings including parlor, holding area, milk room, utility room and office,freestall barn, milking parlor equipment including milking equipment, parlor stalls, entrance, exit and crowd gates, refrigeration and utility room equipment. Milking Labor costs are also calculated. The user inputs are in unprotected cells (green). Enter the actual numerical values of the variable or a range indicator 0=none, 1=low, 2=medium, 3=high. These reflect reasonable values for the corresponding variable. The user inputs are on the next three pages down (use page down key). Recalculation is done automatically whenever an input is changed. Output for an individual case example is given on the third page down. Output is also available for capital and annual (capital+labor) costs, parlor throughput, and milking time in the form of named graphs. To access graphs use the following command sequence(,graph,name,use). Read the instructions. Then proceed to the next page by using the PAGE DOWN key on your keyboard. The second screen contains user inputs for building and equipment cost and milking task times. Default values have been entered representing average or medium values for all inputs. All of these inputs may be specified by actual numeric values (dollars, seconds, or minutes depending on the input), or by indicators (0 for none, 1 for low, 2 for medium, 3 for high) corresponding to a reasonable range of values for the respective input. Change any inputs desired to correspond to your situation. The second screen should look like this:
7 7 Screen 2 BUILDING AND EQUIPMENT COSTS Enter actual dollar value or 0 for none, 1 for low, 2 for med, 3 for high Freestall Barn Cost 2 Milking Center Building Cost 2 Milk House Equipment Cost 2 Milking Equipment Cost 2 MILKING TASK TIMES Enter actual time or 1 for slow, 2 for med, 3 for fast Suggested Ranges Slow Medium Fast ReleaseReload side (secstall) Prep and attach units (seccow) Average milkout time (min) Detach and post dip (seccow) Milker efficiency (%) Equipment Setup and Wash (min) Move group from barn (min) Change inputs as desired, then proceed to the next screen down by using the PAGE DOWN key on your keyboard. The third screen contains user inputs for labor and financial inputs. The values of these inputs are all actual values (the indicators used above will not work). Default values have been entered representing average or medium values for all inputs. The third screen looks like this: Screen 3 LABOR AND FINANCIAL INPUTS Milkings Per Day 3 Max Units per Side per operator 10 Labor Cost ($Hr) 10 Barn Stocking Density (%) 110 Capital Annualization factors Building Equipment Interest (%year) Depreciation (%year) Repairs (%year) Taxes (%year) Insurance (%year) Number of cows to milk 300 Number of parlor stalls per side 8 Use multiples of 2 Change any inputs desired then proceed to the next screen down by using the PAGE DOWN key on your keyboard.
8 Screen 4 The fourth screen contains user inputs and output for the individual case analysis. The fourth screen looks like this: Individual Case Analysis Output Number of Cows to milk 300 Number of Parlor Stalls Per Side 8 Milkings per day 3 Parlor Throughput (cowshr) 67 Time for each milking (hrs) 4.7 Number of operators in Parlor 1 Labor cost ($hr) 10 Barn Stocking Density 110 Total Capital Total Annual capital per cow annual per cow Milking Center Cost 202, , (Bldg.+Eqip.) Freestall Barn Cost 409,091 1,364 73, Milking Center + Barn Cost 611, , Milking Labor Cost 40, Milking Center + Milking Labor Cost 92, Milking Center + Barn + Labor Cost 165, Enter the desired values for the herd and parlor sizes. To print a summary of the inputs and outputs for an individual analysis use the following command sequence: PRINT PRINTER GO General case output for herds from 50 to 600 milking cows and double-2 to double-20 milking parlors are available in the following graphs: PARLOR RATE MILKING TIME CAPITAL COST ANNUAL COST To display these graphs on the screen use the following command sequence: GRAPH NAME USE Select the name of the graph you would like to view and hit the ENTER key. Press the space bar to return to the spreadsheet. Graphs may be saved using the SAVE command after viewing the graph. If you would like to save a set of inputs values which is different from the defaults use the following command sequence: FILE SAVE If the file is replaced the default values will be lost. Give the file a new name to retain the original spread sheet with default values and create a second file with your input values. To exit the spreadsheet use the following command sequence: QUIT For further details on the use of LOTUS 123 consult the software instruction manual. Author: Douglas Reinemann is an assistant professor of agricultural engineering, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison and University of Wisconsin-Extension, Cooperative Extension. An equal opportunityaffirmative action employer, University of Wisconsin-Extension provides equal opportunities in employment and programming, including Title IX requirements. This publication is available from your Wisconsin county Extension office or from: Extension Publications, Rm. 245, 30 N. Murray St., Madison, WI 53715, (608) A3574 Milking Center Advisor: Interactive software to estimate milking center costs and performance
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA. Dairy Extension Department of Animal Science 101 Haecker Hall 1364 Eckles Ave. St. Paul. Minnesota (612)
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA Dairy Extension Department of Animal Science 101 Haecker Hall 1364 Eckles Ave. St. Paul. Minnesota 55108 (612) 624-4995 Dairy Update PLANNING YOUR MILKING PARLOR SYSTEM Robert D.
More informationMilking Systems, Selection, Cost and Implications
Milking Systems, Selection, Cost and Implications Jack Rodenburg DairyLogix 173 Falcon Drive Woodstock, ON N4T 1W5 Tel: (519) 290-7194 Fax: (519) 290-7676 E-mail: jack@dairylogix.com For presentation at
More informationAUTOMATIC MILKING: STATE OF THE ART. Douglas J. Reinemann, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin Milking Research and Instruction Lab Madison, Wisconsin, USA
AUTOMATIC MILKING: STATE OF THE ART Douglas J. Reinemann, Ph.D. University of Wisconsin Milking Research and Instruction Lab Madison, Wisconsin, USA Milking Technology 1900-2000 Milking Technology 2000-2100
More informationCome Into My Parlor.
Come Into My Parlor Objective Students read and answer comprehension questions about milking parlors. Students research to learn about milk delivery. Students interpret a map scale to measure the space
More informationWhat s new in milking: Systems, Components, Testing and Settings Ralph Ginsberg Nantes 2016
What s new in milking: Systems, Components, Testing and Settings 2010-2016 Ralph Ginsberg Nantes 2016 History of Machine Milking The use of vacuum, operated by a hand pump for the collection of milk was
More informationTypes of milking machines - parlours for dairy sheep and goats in Greece
Types of milking machines - parlours for dairy sheep and goats in Greece Kiritsi, S., Katanos, I., Skapetas, B. and V. Lagka Department of Animal Production, Alexander Technological Educational Institute
More informationApollo MilkSystem E D C C P T R O P S A. Automated Teat Dipping and Backflushing Milking Unit
P V E D A C C R O P A The only automated in-liner post-dipping system for conventional parlors with an AMDERC approved and FDA accepted milk safety valve. S A F E E P T E D Apollo MilkSystem Automated
More informationTHIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE.
THIS ARTICLE IS SPONSORED BY THE MINNESOTA DAIRY HEALTH CONFERENCE. ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA UNITED STATES OF MINNESOTA New Tools For Measuring The Effect Of Stimulation And Take-Off On Milk Flows Steve Eicker!,
More informationSwing Parlors. David W. Kammel, Professor Biological Systems Engineering Department CALS, UW Madison, 460 Henry Mall Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Swing Parlors by David W. Kammel, Professor Biological Systems Engineering Department CALS, UW Madison, 460 Henry Mall Madison, Wisconsin 53706 Buying a milking parlor is similar to buying any major item;
More informationTHE GOAT AND SHEEP RANGE
INNOVATIVE AND CUSTOMISABLE SOLUTIONS THE GOAT AND SHEEP RANGE MILKING OUTSIDE THE FLOCK FROM SMALL TO LARGE DAIRY FARMS, MILKLINE IS ABLE TO FULFIL THE NEEDS OF ALL FARMERS AND SUPPORT THEM IN THEIR
More informationThe majority of mastitis causing organisms are environmental in nature and for that reason the control of them becomes very important.
1 The majority of mastitis causing organisms are environmental in nature and for that reason the control of them becomes very important. Clean, dry and well managed bedding areas are of critical importance.
More informationThe University of Georgia
The University of Georgia Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Economic Impacts of Alabama Quail Hunting Prepared by: Archie Flanders and
More informationGuidelines for Providing Access to Public Transportation Stations APPENDIX C TRANSIT STATION ACCESS PLANNING TOOL INSTRUCTIONS
APPENDIX C TRANSIT STATION ACCESS PLANNING TOOL INSTRUCTIONS Transit Station Access Planning Tool Instructions Page C-1 Revised Final Report September 2011 TRANSIT STATION ACCESS PLANNING TOOL INSTRUCTIONS
More informationDETERMINATION OF OPERATING PARAMETERS IN MILKING ROBOTS WITH FREE COW TRAFFIC
DETERMINATION OF OPERATING PARAMETERS IN MILKING ROBOTS WITH FREE COW TRAFFIC Halil Unal, Hasan Kuraloglu Uludag University, Turkey hasankuraloglu@gmail.com, hunal@uludag.edu.tr Abstract. In 212 the first
More informationOR DUNGENESS CRAB FISHERY:
E 55 OR DUNGENESS CRAB FISHERY: an economic analysis of productivity and profitability David S. Liao Joe B. Stevens OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY SEA GRANT COLLEGE PROGRAM Publication no. ORESU-T-75-005 AGRICULTURAL
More informationSheep and Goat Milking Equipment. Easy to use components for reliable milking performance
Sheep and Goat Milking Equipment Easy to use components for reliable milking performance 2 GEA SHEEP AND GOAT MILKING EQUIPMENT CapriTwin Goat Milking Unit/ OviTwin Sheep Milking Unit The latest technology
More informationLow-stress animal handling methods contribute to
Low-stress cattle handling in dairy environments E-568 05-09 Mario A. Villarino* Low-stress animal handling methods contribute to the well being of the animals and also increase their productivity. This
More informationMilking Procedures. Treat every quarter of every cow at dry-off with an approved dry cow therapy.
Milking Procedures Michael M. Schutz, J. Francis Kearney, and Simon J. Kenyon Purdue University Departments of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Practice makes perfect! There are many reasons
More informationMUM " 1*" SEP OREGON STATE LIBRARY. One minute after stmulatio pounds remand in r minu. Extension Bulletin 702 August 1950
OREGON STATE LIBRARY SEP 1 1 1950 Extension Bulletin 702 August 1950 CU N ENT _LECTI, MEG% LLECT MUM 5,5 Before stimulation!fir.o,, - far, One minute after stmulatio.i " 1*" Oregon State System of Higher
More informationAPA software instruction manual
1. Starting the program In order to start the control software for the APA device press APAxx shortcut located on the desktop of the supplied computer. XX corresponds to the current software version. When
More informationANNEX A. (Normative) Tank Calibration Frequency and Re-computation of Calibration Tables
ANNEX A (Normative) Tank Calibration Frequency and Re-computation of Calibration Tables Terms used in this document: Complete tank calibration External tank calibration Class A tanks Class B tanks Uniform
More informationSTUDIES OF OPERATING PARAMETERS IN MILKING ROBOTS
STUDIES OF OPERATING PARAMETERS IN MILKING ROBOTS Armīns Laurs, Juris Priekulis, Mārtiņš Puriņš Latvia University of Agriculture, Faculty of Engineering armins.laurs@promedia.lv, Juris.Priekulis@llu.lv
More informationAL lerna live MILKING SYSTEMS FOR DAIRY HERDS OF COWS
ANDREW M. NOVAKOVIC July 19S0 A.E. Res. SO-IS AL lerna live MILKING SYSTEMS FOR DAIRY HERDS OF 50 10 500 COWS Howard Wetzel and 8.F. Stanton Department of Agricultural Economics Cornell University Agricultural
More informationWhat's New in VoluMill 7.0/7.1
What's New in VoluMill 7.0/7.1 Proprietary and restricted rights notice This software and related documentation are proprietary to Celeritive Technologies Inc. 2015 Celeritive Technologies Inc. All Rights
More informationThe system design must obey these constraints. The system is to have the minimum cost (capital plus operating) while meeting the constraints.
Computer Algorithms in Systems Engineering Spring 2010 Problem Set 6: Building ventilation design (dynamic programming) Due: 12 noon, Wednesday, April 21, 2010 Problem statement Buildings require exhaust
More informationAnimal Science Info Series: AS-B-226 The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service
Animal Science Info Series: AS-B-226 The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service Yearling Bull Management James B. Neel, Professor and Neal Schrick, Associate Professor Animal Science, University
More informationINSTRUCTION FOR FILLING OUT THE JUDGES SPREADSHEET
INSTRUCTION FOR FILLING OUT THE JUDGES SPREADSHEET One Judge Spreadsheet must be distributed to each Judge for each competitor. This document is the only one that the Judge completes. There are no additional
More informationGolf Team Challenge. Product: EA SPORTS PGA TOUR Software Version: Release Date: 10/18/06. Revised 4/21/2009
Product: EA SPORTS PGA TOUR Software Version: 4.0.0 Release Date: 10/18/06. Revised 4/21/2009 Golf Team Challenge This document describes the new play modes and Operator Menus in EA SPORTS PGA TOUR Golf
More informationUNITY 2 TM. Air Server Series 2 Operators Manual. Version 1.0. February 2008
UNITY 2 TM Air Server Series 2 Operators Manual Version 1.0 February 2008 1. Introduction to the Air Server Accessory for UNITY 2...2 1.1. Summary of Operation...2 2. Developing a UNITY 2-Air Server method
More informationLiving Aboard A Trawler
Living Aboard A Trawler Agenda Our Story Selecting the right boat The Pro s s & Con s Finding the ideal marina Real Time Costs Comparisons Summary Life is short, live your dream Our Story An opportunity
More informationQuantos Automated Dosing Solution Preparation Precise concentrations Process compliance Minimize out-of-specs
Quantos Automated Dosing Solution Preparation Precise concentrations Process compliance Minimize out-of-specs Gravimetric Sample Preparation The Alternative to Volumetric Flasks From Volumetric to Gravimetric
More information3M Steri-Vac Sterilizer/Aerator GSX Series. For Life Science Applications. Product. Profile
M Steri-Vac Sterilizer/Aerator GSX Series Product Profile Product Profile M Steri-Vac Sterilizer/Aerator GSX Series ethylene oxide (EO) sterilizer/aerators are designed to be used with M Steri-Gas EO Gas
More informationWickets Administrator
Wickets Administrator Software For Managing Stored Value Wickets 01/08/2008 Product Details And Operating Instructions Overview This page describes each major function of Wickets Administrator in detail.
More informationBull Buyer s Guide. $3000 Purchase Price of New Bull Salvage Value of Old Bull (1900 lbs. X 1.10/lb.) $ 910 Net Cost of New Bull
Bull Buyer s Guide Revised by Ted G. Dyer and Ronnie Silcox, Extension Animal Scientists Original manuscript by Dan T. Brown and Ronnie E. Silcox, Extension Animal Scientists Never underestimate the power
More informationTeat sanitisation systems and process
Teat sanitisation systems and process Teat sanitising is critical for maintaining teat skin health and controlling mastitis during lactation. Mastitis costs money, wastes time and reduces productivity.
More informationRESEARCH IN TIME BETWEEN MILKING INTERVAL AND VARIABILITY OF MILKING FREQUENCY USING MILKING ROBOTS
RESEARCH IN TIME BETWEEN MILKING INTERVAL AND VARIABILITY OF MILKING FREQUENCY USING MILKING ROBOTS Armins Laurs, Juris Priekulis, Martins Purins Latvia University of Agriculture armins.laurs@promedia.lv,
More informationROSE-HULMAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Mechanical Engineering. Mini-project 3 Tennis ball launcher
Mini-project 3 Tennis ball launcher Mini-Project 3 requires you to use MATLAB to model the trajectory of a tennis ball being shot from a tennis ball launcher to a player. The tennis ball trajectory model
More informationUnraveling the mysteries of liner compression
Unraveling the mysteries of liner compression Douglas J. Reinemann and Graeme A. Mein Paper Presented at the June 2011 Countdown Meeting, Melbourne, Australia What is Liner Compression? Liner compression
More informationBuilt-in Purge Control Functions
Built-in Purge Control Functions Why clean a sensor? As the velocity sensor was calibrated clean, operating it clean also preserves the best calibration. Any build up of material on a thermal sensor tends
More informationTHE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION FROM HORSES
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION FROM HORSES ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION FROM HORSES HIGHLIGHTS The horse industry contributes more than $19 billion annually to the Canadian economy On-farm activities with horses generate
More informationGerald D. Anderson. Education Technical Specialist
Gerald D. Anderson Education Technical Specialist The factors which influence selection of equipment for a liquid level control loop interact significantly. Analyses of these factors and their interactions
More informationCALFRAIL AUTOMATED INDIVIDUAL FEEDING
CALFRAIL AUTOMATED INDIVIDUAL FEEDING www.foerster-technik.com CALFRAIL. NO MORE LUGGING BUCKETS. Strong calves, strong cows Intensive feeding right from the beginning creates the ideal conditions for
More informationCUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGIES, BESPOKE SOLUTIONS MILKING LINE FINDING THE PERFECT MILKING PARLOR HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER
CUTTING-EDGE TECHNOLOGIES, BESPOKE SOLUTIONS MILKING LINE FINDING THE PERFECT MILKING PARLOR HAS NEVER BEEN EASIER MILKLINE MILKING SYSTEMS ARE DESIGNED TO FULFILL FARMER NEEDS: FROM SMALL FAMILY FARMS
More informationSOFTWARE. Sesam user course. 12 May 2016 HydroD Hydrostatics & Stability. Ungraded SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL 2016
SOFTWARE Sesam user course DNV GL 1 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER Scope of presentation Describe features & commands for performing a hydrostatic analysis, and their concepts Analysis setup Code-checking Reporting
More informationFRDS GEN II SIMULATOR WORKBOOK
FRDS GEN II SIMULATOR WORKBOOK Trotter Control Inc 2015 Document# Revision Revised 9001-0038 FRDS GEN II Simulator Workbook E 02/15/2015 by DC FRDS GEN II Simulator Workbook This workbook is a follow-on
More informationImproving distillation tower operation
Improving distillation tower operation Measuring differential pressure across long sections of distillation columns has always been challenging, but purpose-built sensor systems provide a solution Fast
More informationHorse Farm Management s Report Writer. User Guide Version 1.1.xx
Horse Farm Management s Report Writer User Guide Version 1.1.xx August 30, 2001 Before you start 3 Using the Report Writer 4 General Concepts 4 Running the report writer 6 Creating a new Report 7 Opening
More informationEconomic Modeling of Walleye and Hybrid Walleye Production Protocols
Economic Modeling of Walleye and Hybrid Walleye Production Protocols James A. Held Jim Held Consulting LLC Sun Prairie, WI Introduction Aquaculturists are considering two economically significant markets
More informationSTATE OF NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER 110 STATE STREET ALBANY, NEW YORK September 2015
THOMAS P. DiNAPOLI COMPTROLLER STATE OF NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER 110 STATE STREET ALBANY, NEW YORK 12236 GABRIEL F. DEYO DEPUTY COMPTROLLER DIVISION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND SCHOOL ACCOUNTABILITY
More informationAUTOMATIC DREDGING PROFILE AND CONTOUR CONTROL
AUTOMATIC DREDGING PROFILE AND CONTOUR CONTROL Jay Wise 1 ABSTRACT Phillips and Jordan, a leading excavating and disaster recovery contractor, was faced with the challenge to manage a civil contract involving
More informationQueue analysis for the toll station of the Öresund fixed link. Pontus Matstoms *
Queue analysis for the toll station of the Öresund fixed link Pontus Matstoms * Abstract A new simulation model for queue and capacity analysis of a toll station is presented. The model and its software
More informationIMPROVING QUALITY THROUGH INNOVATION: A FULLY AUTOMATED SOLUBLE SALT METER
ARP INSTRUMENTS, INC. SSM MODEL # RPCT-07-001 IMPROVING QUALITY THROUGH INNOVATION: A FULLY AUTOMATED SOLUBLE SALT METER For more information contact: ARP Instruments, Inc. www.arpinstruments.biz arp.instruments@gmail.com
More informationUNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO
UNIVERSITY OF WATERLOO Department of Chemical Engineering ChE 524 Process Control Laboratory Instruction Manual January, 2001 Revised: May, 2009 1 Experiment # 2 - Double Pipe Heat Exchanger Experimental
More informationSERVICE INSTRUCTIONS
H4 60.069GB Installation- and periodical calibration Calibration and test of IDC To ensure that the values registered by the IDC milk meter are correct, the milk meter must be calibrated and tested after
More informationMJA Rev 10/17/2011 1:53:00 PM
Problem 8-2 (as stated in RSM Simplified) Leonard Lye, Professor of Engineering and Applied Science at Memorial University of Newfoundland contributed the following case study. It is based on the DOE Golfer,
More informationREDUCING EMISSIONS WHEN TAKING COMPRESSORS OFF-LINE
Lessons Learned From Natural Gas STAR Partners REDUCING EMISSIONS WHEN TAKING COMPRESSORS OFF-LINE Executive Summary Compressors are used throughout the natural gas system to move natural gas from production
More informationActiveYield. Operation and Adjustment
ActiveYield Operation and Adjustment 2018 System Requirements S-Series Combines Not compatible with S550 S650 - S660 and S760 combines with Manual Grain Tank Extensions Aftermarket Grain Tank Extensions
More informationInternational Journal of Technical Research and Applications e-issn: , Volume 4, Issue 3 (May-June, 2016), PP.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF FEED CHECK VALVE AS CONTROL VALVE USING CFD SOFTWARE R.Nikhil M.Tech Student Industrial & Production Engineering National Institute of Engineering Mysuru, Karnataka, India -570008
More informationChapter 37 Tex-241-F, Superpave Gyratory Compacting of Test Specimens of Bituminous Mixtures
Chapter 37 Tex-241-F, Superpave Gyratory Compacting of Test Specimens of Bituminous Contents: Section 1 Overview... 37-2 Section 2 Apparatus... 37-3 Section 3 Calibration... 37-5 Section 4 Preparations...
More informationATC Agribusiness Roundtable
ATC Agribusiness Roundtable September 28, 2015 Jay Weiker Vice President National Association of Animal Breeders Certified Semen Services How Can Turkey Double Milk Production by 2013 1. Increase the total
More informationAutodesk Moldflow Communicator Process settings
Autodesk Moldflow Communicator 212 Process settings Revision 1, 3 March 211. Contents Chapter 1 Process settings....................................... 1 Profiles.................................................
More informationSide-by-Side Milking parlour Global 90i. First class in comfort and performance. GEA Milking & Cooling WestfaliaSurge
Side-by-Side Milking parlour Global 90i First class in comfort and performance GEA Milking & Cooling WestfaliaSurge engineering for a better world GEA Farm Technologies 2 Melkstand Global 90i Immer meine
More informationEquine Ranching Costs (PMU)
Guidelines for Estimating Equine Ranching Costs (PMU) Based on 100 mares on line Date: September, 2002 This publication is intended to provide a budget format for an Equine Ranching (formally referred
More informationSHIMADZU LC-10/20 PUMP
SHIMADZU LC-10/20 PUMP Clarity Control Module ENG Code/Rev.: M091/70C Date: 24.10.2017 Phone: +420 251 013 400 DataApex Ltd. Fax: +420 251 013 401 Petrzilkova 2583/13 clarity@dataapex.com 158 00 Prague
More informationEconomic Impact of the Michigan Equine Industry, 2006
Economic Impact of the Michigan Equine Industry, 2006 Summary Animals and operations 155,000 equine animals housed in Michigan on June 1, 2007-86,000 at private residences - 21,000 at breeding farms -
More informationCBRE Seminar. 30 th March Creating Shareholder Value. Budgeting Operational Expenses Commercial
CBRE Seminar Creating Shareholder Value Budgeting Operational Expenses Commercial 30 th March 2010 General Structure Share Holder Value Free Cash Flow Market Update - Changes Impacts on Budgeting Procedures
More information"How To Make Amateur Rockets" Software Manual
USERS MANUAL For How to Make Amateur Rockets Software The software programs are designed to run on Windows 95, 98, ME or XP (Home Edition). Follow the installation instructions supplied with the CD and
More informationWageningen UR Livestock Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands
Automated behaviour monitoring in dairy cows R.M. de Mol 1, P.H.F.M. Verhoeven 2, P.H. Hogewerf 1 and A.H. Ipema 1 1 Wageningen UR Livestock Research, P.O. Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands 2 Eindhoven
More informationCHAPTER 3 : AIR COMPRESSOR
CHAPTER 3 : AIR COMPRESSOR Robotic & Automation Department FACULTY OF MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING, UTeM Learning Objectives Identify types of compressors available Calculate air capacity rating of compressor
More informationGeneral Accreditation Guidance. User checks and maintenance of laboratory balances
General Accreditation Guidance User checks and maintenance of laboratory balances January 2018 Copyright National Association of Testing Authorities, Australia 2010 All intellectual property rights in
More informationEFFECTS OF EXTENDING AND EXPANDING ENERGY-EFFICIENCY TAX DEDUCTION FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS
EFFECTS OF EXTENDING AND EXPANDING ENERGY-EFFICIENCY TAX DEDUCTION FOR COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS Prepared by Regional Economic Models, Inc. (REMI) Agenda Overview of 179D tax provision Energy efficiency and
More informationRotary Abreast Automatic Teat Sprayer User Manual. Technical Manual Revision 0.01
Rotary Abreast Automatic Teat Sprayer Technical Manual 006911 Revision 0.01 Contents Contents... 2 Important information - read this first... 3 Icons... 3 1. Introduction... 4 2. Intended Use... 4 3. General
More information1. Study the performance of a binary distillation column operated in batch mode.
Goals for batch distillation using the East distillation column: 1. Study the performance of a binary distillation column operated in batch mode. 2. Determine the overall and local efficiency of the column
More informationReserve Study Navigation Options
Reserve Study Navigation Options Each of these buttons will navigate you to the corresponding sheet. On each sheet, there is a corresponding button to return to this sheet. Data Pages Reports and Graphs
More informationCocahoe Economics Fact Sheet
Cocahoe Economics Fact Sheet Undertaking a large project such as baitfish farming requires a good deal of advanced planning to ensure that prudent decisions are made. The purpose of this section is to
More informationCONSOLE-320 ENGLISH. 230A: CONSOLE-320 with cable data output Item 230B: CONSOLE-320 with cable + wireless radio data output
CONSOLE-320 Item 230A: CONSOLE-320 with cable data output Item 230B: CONSOLE-320 with cable + wireless radio data output Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION...2 1.1 Power supply...2 1.2 Connections...2 1.3
More informationPROPERTY EVALUATION AND RESERVE FUND STUDY ~UPDATE~
808 S. College, Ste. 225A McKinney, Texas 75069 (972) 562-1011 TEL (972) 540-1031 FAX Firm Reg. No F-4577 www.criteriumdotson.com PROPERTY EVALUATION AND RESERVE FUND STUDY ~UPDATE~ RIVERCHASE OF WYLIE
More informationWire Buddy Manual IOpath Software
Wire Buddy Manual IOpath Software Wire Buddy is a calculation reference tool for Electricians and Maintenance personnel. Wire Buddy was created for the Maintenance Electrician. There are many occasions
More information2019 Annual Recalculation and Reappraisal Setup Studies for All Residential Properties in Columbia County for Property Tax Assessment
2019 Annual Recalculation and Reappraisal Setup Studies for All Residential Properties in Columbia County for Property Tax Assessment Published by the Columbia County Assessor January 2, 2019 Table of
More informationPump-Fan-Compressor Sizing
Pump-Fan-Compressor Sizing Introduction This program determines the fluid transportation characteristics of dominant pipeline process systems containing no loops. In addition, it determines the yearly
More informationBest Practice Guidance for Assessing the Financial Performance of Fishing Gear: Industry-led gear trials
Best Practice Guidance for Assessing the Financial Performance of Fishing Gear: Industry-led gear trials Prepared for The UK Fisheries Economic Network (UKFEN) by Seafish Introduction and Background Reducing
More informationOperational Settings:
instrucalc features more than 70 routines associated with control valves, ISO flow elements, relief valves and rupture disks, and calculates process data at flow conditions for a comprehensive range of
More informationSTATE OF NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER 110 STATE STREET ALBANY, NEW YORK September 2015
THOMAS P. DiNAPOLI COMPTROLLER STATE OF NEW YORK OFFICE OF THE STATE COMPTROLLER 110 STATE STREET ALBANY, NEW YORK 12236 GABRIEL F. DEYO DEPUTY COMPTROLLER DIVISION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND SCHOOL ACCOUNTABILITY
More informationG.L.M. : the on-board stability calculator... DEMONSTRATION OPERATOR S MANUAL
General Load Monitor G.L.M. : the on-board stability calculator... DEMONSTRATION OPERATOR S MANUAL Distributed by: DESIGN SYSTEMS & TECHNOLOGIES 150 Rue de Goa, 06600 Antibes, France tel +33.4.92 91 13
More informationSoftware Manual for FITstep Pro Version 2
Thank you for purchasing this product from Gopher. If you are not satisfied with any Gopher purchase for any reason at any time, contact us and we will replace the product, credit your account, or refund
More informationAnalysis of Variance. Copyright 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Analysis of Variance 12-1 Learning Outcomes Outcome 1. Understand the basic logic of analysis of variance. Outcome 2. Perform a hypothesis test for a single-factor design using analysis of variance manually
More informationFINANCIAL ANALYSIS. Stoby
FINANCIAL ANALYSIS Stoby INVESTMENTS AND FINANCING Investments planned over the period : Investments 2018 2019 2020 2021 Intangible assets Company creation 1 500 Web platform development 8 290 Accounting
More informationOperation Green Light Traffic Signal Coordination Report North Oak Trafficway - New Mark Drive to NE 42nd Street
Introduction Operation Green Light Traffic Signal Coordination Report North Oak Trafficway - New Mark Drive to NE 42nd Street Operation Green Light (OGL) is a regional effort to improve traffic flow and
More informationThe ICC Duckworth-Lewis-Stern calculator. DLS Edition 2016
The ICC Duckworth-Lewis-Stern calculator DLS Edition 2016 (DLS2-2016) Installation and operating instructions Queries about program operation should be sent to: Steven.Stern@qut.edu.au 2016 International
More informationDetermination of the physical properties of different types of milk claws and air leaks in the claw according to rotameter-milk bucket methods
Agronomy Research 14(2), 590 603, 2016 Determination of the physical properties of different types of milk claws and air leaks in the claw according to rotameter-milk bucket methods H. Unal * and H. Erdogan
More informationCOOPERATIVE EXTENSION Bringing the University to You
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION Bringing the University to You Special Publication - 06-16 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF TOURISM ON COLORADO RIVER COMMUNITIES INCLUDING: LAUGHLIN BULLHEAD CITY FORT MOHAVE MOHAVE VALLEY GOLDEN
More informationFrom a recent Westfalia-Surge US Patent document submittal, December 2004:
Westfalia-Surge From a recent Westfalia-Surge US Patent document submittal, December 2004: Discussion of why conventional milking machines cause improper milking action, liner crawl, edema and hyperkeratosis.
More informationA Low Cost Digital Angle Gage, version 3
A Low Cost Digital Angle Gage, version 3 By R. G. Sparber Copyleft protects this document. 1 Sometimes re-inventing the wheel has advantages. What you see here is just a variation on a sine bar. The accuracy
More informationIndependent Economic Analysis Board. Review of the Estimated Economic Impacts of Salmon Fishing in Idaho. Task Number 99
IEAB Independent Economic Analysis Board Roger Mann, Chair Noelwah R. Netusil, Vice-Chair Kenneth L. Casavant Daniel D. Huppert Joel R. Hamilton Lon L. Peters Susan S. Hanna Hans Radtke Review of the Estimated
More informationRISK ASSESSMENT. White Paper.
RISK ASSESSMENT White Paper www.leuze.com White Paper RISK ASSESSMENT IN HARMONY The European Machinery Directive as well as its implementations on a national level (in Germany ProdSG and 9 ProdSV) require
More informationLeague Manager Tutorial
League Manager Tutorial ===================================================================================== This tutorial will give you a quick overview of the League Manager. In this tutorial you will:
More information2014 Economic Indicators, Trends & Observations. 51 South Main Street Janesville, WI P F RockCountyAlliance.
2014 Economic Indicators, Trends & Observations 51 South Main Street Janesville, WI 53545 P.608.757.5598 F.608.757.5586 RockCountyAlliance.com Indicators, Trends & Observations National Level State of
More informationEXPERIMENT XI. Careful!! Improper handling of the vacuum line may result in the release of SO 2 which is an irritating and suffocating gas.
Chem 366-3 Page XI - 1 EXPERIMENT XI INFRARED SPECTRUM OF SO2 (S&G, 5th ed. Expt 36, 6th ed. Expt. 35) 1. Pre-Lab preparation. The description of this experiment has disappeared from the more recent editions
More information2.4 Gutter and Downspout Sizing and Location Calculations
2.4 Gutter and Downspout Sizing and Location Calculations Both Metric and English units: Remember to save this spreadsheet to your own computer. This spread sheet will help you calculate the width and
More informationTRAFFIC STUDY GUIDELINES Clarksville Street Department
TRAFFIC STUDY GUIDELINES Clarksville Street Department 9/1/2009 Introduction Traffic studies are used to help the city determine potential impacts to the operation of the surrounding roadway network. Two
More information