ANEMOGRAPH "UNIVERSAL" 82a with mechanical and pneumatic transmission

Transcription

1 214,0E ANEMOGRAPH "UNIVERSAL" 82a with mechanical and pneumatic transmission for Recording of Wind direction, Wind run and Gusts 214.0E 1 / 12

2 Anemographes "Universal" 82a resp. 82b stand out for an especially sensitive recording of wind structure. Wind direction, wind run, and the instantaneous values of wind speed (gusts) will be recorded as continuous curve traces, clear and impressively on a drum or continuous chart. The wind measuring installation consists of the transmitter and the drum recorder (cover-photo and fig. 1) resp. continuous chart recorder (fig. 3). As wind direction and wind run are mechanically transmitted from transmitter to recorder by transmission rods, the recorder must be vertically mounted underneath the transmitter. Lateral displacement is not permissible. The distance between transmitter and recording instrument may amount to 25 to 30 m, at the most. The transmitter, for instance, is mounted on the roof of a house, and the recorder in a room situated beneath same or, when being installed in the open, in a protective hut (fig. 10). Wind direction and wind speed may, additionally, be indicated electrically, by one or two branch stations, aside from the recorder (see pages 6 and 7). The transmitter (cover-photo), the base plate of which as per fig. 10 has the shape of a flange, is mounted to a mast, as per fig. 10. Its concentric construction prevents mutual influencing of the measuring elements. Cupwheel and wind vane are of light metal. They are of little weight and have a slight moment of inertia and are running on ball bearings so that they respond, already in the case of low intensities of the wind. The cupwheel starts running at windspeeds below 0.5 m/sec. The wind vane possesses a high degree of adjusting force at nearly aperiodic damping and is free of natural vibration. It is developed as a Pitot tube, to take up dynamic and static pressures. These two pressures are transmitted to the recorder by two dynamic pressure conduits, the rotation of wind vane and cupwheel, by two connecting rods. All bearing beds are well accessible. The main bearings are running in an oil bath. For occasional lubrication and cleaning of the transmitter, the casing's jacket may be withdrawn in downward direction, after loosening a winged screw that cannot get lost. The recorder with drum recording has a drum of 187 mm diameter and 228 mm height. It is driven by a built-in precision anchor-clockwork with a time of rotation of one day. Paperfeed amounts to 22,5 mm per hour. The recording papersheet is fastened by means of a paper clip. For daily changing of the chart, the drum is withdrawn. Period of running of the clockwork is 8 days. The recorder with continuous chart recording possesses the same height of recording and shape of the curve tracings, as the drum recorder. Recording is effected on a continuous chart of 230 mm width and appr. 18 m length. Paperfeed amounts to 20 mm per hour, period of running of the clockwork to eight days. In the case of continuous operation, a chart roll lasts appr. 34 days. The recorders are built-in in a metal cabinet with glazed door and are mounted on console angles E 2 / 12

3 Measuring Principle The container with the float for gust recording is arranged underneath the casing of the recorder. As liquid serves water, in frost-endangered rooms an equally heavy frostproof mixture. The delivery piping is connected by means of the supplied rubber hoses in such a way that the joint pressure, coming from the point of the vane is effective underneath, the static pressure, above the float. Fig. 1 Fig. 2 Wind Measuring Installation Scheme of Gust Recording 1 Transmitter 2 Wind Recorder 3 Rods 4 Pressure Tubing By this arrangement one achieves that adjustment of the float, solely, is effected by dynamic pressure. The parabolic shape of the float effects extracting the root from a number so that deflections of the root from dynamic pressure, i.e., of the wind speed, are proportional. The float - contrary to diaphragm measuring mechanisms - is free from ageing and after-effect phenomenons, general construction sturdy and without sensible gearing members. Owing to the pressure tubing's large cross-sections it is achieved that also short time gust peaks are well recorded. The middle pen records wind run in an alternately rising and falling curve, by traversing the diagram section in changing direction for 10 km wind run, each. This section is divided in ten intervals. One interval corresponds to 1 km of wind run. By counting these wind run intervals, recorded within one 214.0E 3 / 12

4 hour's time, one obtains the mean speed in km/h resp. the mean wind speed in m/sec by means of a transparent evaluation scale. The two upper pens, of which each one is coordinated to one half of the compass card, record wind direction in a continuous curve trace. Fig. 3 Recorder of Anemograph "Universal" 82b, with continuous chart recording Wind direction and Wind speed indicators For additional electric remote indication of wind direction and wind speed, remote direction transmitter and measuring dynamo may be built-in, additionally, in the recorder resp. transmitter, to which one resp. two each direction and speed indicators 17 resp. 23 can be connected (see fig. 10). This equipment must already be included when ordering the wind measuring installation, as subsequent delivery is not possible. Wind measuring installations with more than two branch stations, on demand. For transmission of wind direction, the vane actuates a remote transmitter, to which the wind direction indicators have been connected via three conductors, each. This transmitter has been builtin in the recorder so that only the two conductors 19, for the measuring dynamo, are led upwards to the transmitter. Position of the vane is transmitted by a d.c. rotary field system, wind direction, thus, indicated by a pointer playing in front of a compass card division. Dropping out of step is impossible. The wind direction indicator possesses a 360 graduation with 10 intervals and is additionally provided with the letters N, E, S, W E 4 / 12

5 Fig. 4 Reproduction of an original diagram (cut) of Anemograph "Universal" 82a (appr. 2/3 of natural size) For transmission of the wind speed, the rotor of a small measuring dynamo without brushes is arranged on the axle of the cupwheel. This dynamo supplies a terminal voltage that is approximately proportional to the number of revolutions and, thus, also to wind speed. This terminal voltage is fed to the moving coil instruments via two conducto0rs and series measuring rectifier. Reading on these instruments is effected, directly, in m/sec and, on request, also in knots or km/h E 5 / 12

6 Fig. 5 Direction and Speed Indicators 94/90 in common housing, for suspension on wall. Indication follows, instantaneously, all variations of wind force so that the instantaneous value is readable and also gustiness well to recognize. As concerns changes in temperature, indication is independent within large limits. Besides, measuring procedure avoids all changeable transition resistances which could falsify measurement and requires no foreign source of power. Direction- and speedindicators have the same shape and dimensions. They may be supplied either in square DIN-casings for flush mounting in a switchboard with front-frame of 144 x 144 mm (dimensioned drawing 6) or in pairs, built-in in a sheetiron casing for suspension on a wall (fig. 5 and dimensioned drawing 7). The wind speed indicator is provided with a circular scale ranging from m/s. On request this scale is available with a division in kn or km/h. When reordering please indicate the serial no. of the anemometer. For installation into instrument boards also smaller instruments can be delivered which, corresponding to the usual board inclination, have been calibrated in an inclined position (dimensioned drawing fig. 8). A balancing box 20 is required for operation of the installation, in which are contained besides of the different switching elements and balancing resistances the necessary connecting terminals, too. Direction transmission requires 30 volts d.c. voltage, which expediently is taken from the alternating-current mains via a dry-rectifier 21. If the installation is to be secured against an occasional failure of the power mains a rectifier of special design for simultaneous connection of an accumulator battery in buffer-circuit can be supplied. A buffer-circuit of this type operates fully automatically. The second pair of indicators may be supplied also, subsequently, without having to send-in the transmitter to the factory for recalibration. For the respective distances to be bridged-over between balancing-box and each pair of indicators, one is to take care that resistance of one conductor of five-core lines 18 and 22 may amount up to E 6 / 12

7 ohms, under the supposition that balancing-box 20 is mounted in immediate vicinity of the recorder 15. A five-core cable is required for connection 24. Fig. 8 Fig. 6 Fig. 7 sm. speed or direction indicator 90bz1R or 94d1 for panel mounting Speed or direction indicator 90bz3R or 94d3 for panel mounting Indicators for speed and direction in common frame for wall attachment 94/90R Masts of Wind Gauges In general it is to be recommended to make the mast ascendable, so as to have the transmitter accessible at any time, e.g., during mounting, when effecting adjustment as to the cardinal point, for occasional re-oiling or control or for exchanging the lamps of obstacle lights, in air traffic control. In this case a mast 11 as per fig. 10 is being utilized, fundamental length of which is 6 m. In most cases, a length of 6 m of the mast will not suffice. Then, one or two mast-extensions 7, with two flanges, will be required additionally, which can be supplied in lengths of 2 to 6 m. Correspondingly thereto, transmissions rods and pressure tubes will have to be ordered in adequate length. Steel-pipe 7, of 100 mm inner diameter and 4 mm wall-thickness, carries above the flange 2 for fitting transmitter 1 (joining measures see fig. 10). Ladder support 3 carries two obstruction-lights 4, in case flight-control requires this. The cable for the lamps is led autside of the pipe to the terminal box E 7 / 12

8 Fig. 10 Windmeasuring Installation with pipe mast 82n and Mastextension 82z Underneath the ladder-support, there is a clamp for fastening of three bracing wires 8, which are tightened by the turnbuckles 9. The mast-pipe is fastened in direction of the edifice-wall by two clamps 13 and stonescrews at a certain distance, whilst a relieving clamp 12 serves to take up the load total. On demand, climbing-iron 10, at distances of 40 cm. In order to avoid formation of condensationwater in the mast-pipe, the lower open end of mast-pipe 11 is to be closed by a supplied closing-cap 14, which avoids the mounting of warm room air in the mast and, thus, protects the recorder from running-off condensation-water. Below, the recorder 15 is mounted on two console-angles 16. Fastening of the mast can be adapted to local conditions. In the case of inquiries and orders we, therefore, request the forwarding of a drawing, from which can be taken the possibilities available and the requirements E 8 / 12

9 Specifications 82a Anemograph "Universal" with drum recording, consisting of: Transmitter No. 82aG - with wind vane, Pitot tube and cupwheel (cover-photo) height: 1180 mm, weight*): 19.5 kg Drum Recorder No. 82aT - in metal cabinet, with glazed door Recording drum: 187 mm diameter x 228 mm height rotation of drum: 1 day paperfeed: 22.5 mm/h period of running of driving mechanism: 8 days dimensions of cabinet: 460 mm height x 420 mm width x 250 mm depth total height: 1010 mm, weight*):21.5 kg different ranges possible: m/s m/s km/h for highest wind forces (special range) 82b Anemograph "Universal" with continuous chart recording, consisting of: Transmitter No. 82aG - with wind vane, Pitot tube and cupwheel (cover-photo) height: 1180 mm, weight*): 19.5 kg Continuous Chart Recorder 82aB - in metal cabinet with glazed door paperfeed: 20 mm/h period of running of driving mechanism: 8 days / or alternative dimensions of cabinet: 460 mm height x 520 mm width x 250 mm depth total height: 1010 mm, weight*): 22.5 kg different ranges possible: m/s m/s km/h for highest wind forces (special range) Accessories for No. 82a resp. 82b (no additional charge): 8 m transmission rods and pressure tube for each measuring element, in lengths of 2 m 1 mast closing flap 10 rod couplings 2 hose connecting pieces 4 m rubber connecting hose 1 Set = 100 charts No. 77b resp. 6 rolls recording paper No. 82b/20 for 34 days, each 1 bottle of special ink 4 capillary pens, spares 1 ink bowl, spare 1 copy of operating and mounting instructions *) Weights excl. transmission rods, comp. p E 9 / 12

10 Supplementary Parts Additional Electric Equipment for Anemographs "Universal" 82a resp. 82b, for romote indication of wind direction and speed, consisting of: 94u Remote direction transmitter and measuring dynamo for wind speed built-in recorder resp. transmitter weight: 1.7 kg Wind direction indicator in square casing for flush mounting in switchboard, with two graduations, and N-E-S-W 94d3 Front frame 144 x 144 mm (fig. 6) weight: 1.4 kg 94d1 Front frame 96 x 96 mm (fig. 8) weight: 1.0 kg Wind speed indicator*) in square casing for flush mounting in switchboard with dial scale of 240 and measuring range of 0 ::: 40 m/sec (on demand graduation in kn or km/h) 90bz3/R Front frame 144 x 144 mm (fig. 6) weight: 1.7 kg 90bz1/R Front frame 96 x 96 mm (fig. 8) weight: 1.4 kg Direction and speed indicators*) in common housing for suspension on wall (fig. 5 and fig. 7) 94/90 R with built-in indicators 94d3 and 90bz3 R weight: 4.5 kg AK Balancing box with switching elements, balancing resistances and connecting terminals Dimensions; 230 x 110 x 70 mm weight: 0.5 kg TG 30 Small rectifier for connection to 220 volts a.c. Direct current side 30 volts/0.1 amp Dimensions: 190 x 110 x 60 mm weight: 1.7 kg *) In the case of subsequent orders of speed indicators, the serial number of the transmitter must be indicated E 10 / 12

11 Mast and Accessories for Mounting the Wind Measuring Installations 82m 82n Pipe Mast similar to fig. 10, consisting of steel pipe with upper fixing flange, ladder support, clamp to take up three bracing wires, two lower clamps for fastening to wall of building and relief, every item with rustproof coating, incl. 40 m of bracing wires and the corresponding cable clamps and thimbles, as well as three zinc-coated turnbuckles Length: 6 m weight: 82 kg Pipe Mast as per fig. 10, described above, but with special ladder support, incl. two obstruction lamps, in weatherproof casing, with terminal box and cable end pieces Length: 6 m weight: 92 kg 82z Mast Extension*) consisting of a steel pipe with two welded on flanges and fastening screws Length: m, according to request Weight: In the case of 2 m length, 28 kg. Every other, additional meter 10 kg, more. 82v 82x 1 Second set of bracing material for free lengths of mast above 8 m, consisting of 50 m of bracing cable, cable clip, cable clamps and thimbles, as well as three zinc-coated turnbuckles weight: 15 kg 1 Pair Transmission Roads*) for wind direction and wind run, 2 m in length, each weight: 0.8 kg 82 y 1 Pair of Pressure Tubes*) for transmission of dynamic and static pressures, 2 m in length, each weight: 1.3 kg 82s 1091c Climbing Irons for heretofore named masts 82m and 82n, number corresponding to length of mast above roof Distance between them 0.4 m weight per piece: 1.3 kg 1 Pair Console Angles for mounting of the recorder weight: 5 kg *) In the case of mast lengths over 6 m, transmission rods and pressure tubes, too, must be ordered at the corresponding lengths E 11 / 12

12 Spare Parts 77b 1 Set = 100 sheets recording paper weight: 1.6 kg 82b/20 1 Roll recording paper, paperfeed 20 mm/h, for 34 days of recording weight: 0.14 kg 82k 1013g 1095v 1013n Spare recording pen, complete Glass capillary, only 1 Bottle of recording ink Filling and Cleaning Equipment (fig. 11) for glass capillary recording pens in wooden box, consisting of: 1 supply bottle of recording ink, 1 bottle for alcohol, 1 bottle for hydrochloric acid, 1 pipette for filling of the pens, 1 glass bowl, 1 rubber syringe, 1 pair of pincers, valve rubber hose Dimensions: 190 x 110 x 130 mm weight: 1.2 kg Fig. 11 Filling and Cleaning Equipment 1013n for glass capillary recording pens. DR. ALFRED MÜLLER Chausseestraße 39 / 42c D Königs Wusterhausen Tel.: Fax: dr.a.mueller-r.fuess@t-online.de E 12 / 12