Rule 5 - Look-out. 1

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1 Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision. 1

2 Key words Every vessel At all times Rule 5 - Look-out By day, at night, restricted visibility, etc. Proper look-out By sight, hearing, all available means Full appraisal Of situation, of risk of collision 2

3 Every Vessel Rule 5 - Look-out Large vessels, small vessels, power driven vessels, sailing vessels, vessels NUC, vessels restricted in their ability to maneuver, deep draught vessels, pilot vessels, vessels at anchor, vessels aground, etc. 3

4 At all times By day, at night, in restricted visibility (ice, smoke, storm, etc. Never leave the bridge unless properly relieved 4

5 At all Times By Day The OOW may be the only person on the bridge provided he can call for immediate assistance 5

6 At all Times At Night Rule 5 - Look-out At night the OOW should be assisted by at least one lookout man When on automatic pilot, the course must be regularly checked 6

7 At all Times In Restricted visibility In restricted visibility one or two look-out man should be posted where deemed necessary and a helmsman should steer the vessel captrichardrodriguez.blogspot.com 7

8 At all Times Also means: In open seas (when apparently no other vessels or hazards are observed), in congested waters, rivers, canals, near harbours,., when at anchor, NUC, dredging, fishing,., in heavy weather, etc. In all these circumstances the watch should be adequately increased 8 confluence.org

9 At all Times Rule 5 - Look-out Never leave the bridge unattended unless properly relieved www2.bryceharrington.org 9

10 At all Times Rule 5 - Look-out Do not undertake administrative work (or similar) in the chartroom. Perform only navigational work 10

11 At all Times Do not get distracted 11

12 Proper look-out By sight By hearing By all available means appropriate 12

13 Proper look-out By Sight - Vision 13 gcaptain.com

14 Proper look-out By Sight - Binoculars The OOW must instruct the look-out man on what he should report. Examples: any light, vessels, floating objects, sound signals in restricted visibility or near manoeuvring vessels, etc. 14

15 Whistle Proper look-out By Hearing Bell 15

16 Proper look-out Fatigue Do not fall asleep on the bridge Most accidents at sea are caused by bad lookout or fatigue 16

17 Relieving the watch When relieving the watch the OOW and the look-out man should assure themselves that their relieve is well acquainted with the situation Many accidents happened because the watch has been unsatisfactorily or too hastily relieved leadershiptrainingskills.com 17

18 Where to post the look-out men It entirely depends on the circumstances and situation at the time He should preferably be posted outdoors In restricted visibility and if safe, he should be posted on the forecastle head 18 friendships.org

19 Duties of the look-out man Report any light Report any vessel Report any floating object Report any sound signal (especially in restricted visibility) If necessary, use binoculars 19

20 By all available means appropriate Radar, AIS Radar and sight Radar and hearing VHF 20

21 All available means appropriate Use of radar In clear visibility In restricted visibility In operation or on standby In congested waters A proper lookout is still compulsory Must be properly adjusted Careful choice of scale range Good choice of mode display 21

22 Use of AIS There is no provision in the Collision Regulations for the use of AIS information. Therefore, decisions should be taken based primarily on visual and/or radar information 22

23 AIS Data 23

24 Use of VHF VHF as a means of collision avoidance should be used with uppermost caution. Although the use of VHF radio may be justified on occasion as a collision avoidance aid, the provisions of the Collision Regulations should remain uppermost 24

25 Follow all instructions given by STCW and other official bodies (ICS Bridge Procedures Guide, Maritime and Coastguard Agency, etc.)

Full appraisal of the situation Fitness for duty The watch may not be impaired by fatigue Watch keepers must be sufficiently rested prior to taking over the watch A safe navigational watch must be

26 Full appraisal of the situation Fitness for duty The watch may not be impaired by fatigue Watch keepers must be sufficiently rested prior to taking over the watch A safe navigational watch must be maintained at all times by appropriately qualified and rested personnel in all foreseeable circumstances If regulations cannot be met, the vessel should be brought to or should remain in a safe place (e.g. at anchor or in a harbour) DO NOT FALL ASLEEP DURING YOUR WATCH 26 gotosee.co.uk

Full appraisal of the situation Fitness for duty Be at all time free from alcohol, drugs or any prescription drugs that may impair your judgment Stay alert at all time by moving

27 Full appraisal of the situation Fitness for duty Be at all time free from alcohol, drugs or any prescription drugs that may impair your judgment Stay alert at all time by moving around and ventilating the bridge Do not forget that the risk of falling asleep is much greater when you are on watch in a hot and closed-up bridge, especially in the winter thebatt.com 27

28 Full appraisal of the situation Risk of Collision Observe all vessels Keep an eye on own ship Verify nautical instruments Check the course (especially with auto pilot) Be particularly vigilant when: Meeting a vessel end on Overtaking another vessel 28 bowsprite.wordpress.com

29 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch LOOK AHEAD 29

30 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Look on the starboard side 30

31 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Look on the port side 31

32 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Look behind the vessel 32

33 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch In case of doubt call the master The Master must be on the bridge in all special circumstance : Restricted visibility Bad weather Heavy traffic Entering or leaving a harbour Etc. 33

34 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Maintain a proper look-out even when the pilot is on board

35 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch If necessary, use a qualified helmsman The helmsman should not perform the duties of the look-out man zandrea.taylorfamilyconnect.com 35

36 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Do not get distracted on the bridge by Domestic radio s Recorders (CD, MP3, ) Personal computers TV Mobile phones Visits Etc. media.nieuwslog.nl 36

37 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Check your position regularly Look for hazards on the chart (buoys, rocks, shallow, etc.) which may form an impediment if a sudden action is necessary to avoid a collision 37

Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Never trust and/or rely on the action or reaction of another vessel According to his experience, every

38 Full appraisal of the situation Performing the navigational watch Never trust and/or rely on the action or reaction of another vessel According to his experience, every OOW has his own understanding of : Risk of collision Limitations of own vessel or vessel (s) sighted The development of a close quarters situation Etc. 38 en.wilkipedia.org

39 Duties of the officer of the watch Observe all vessels Ascertain the risk of collision Keep an eye on your own ship Verify nautical instruments Check the course (especially with auto pilot) Be particularly vigilant when: Meeting a vessel end on Overtaking another vessel 39

40 Duties of the officer of the watch Continue to be responsible despite: The presence of the Master (unless he takes over) The presence of a pilot If in doubt of pilot s actions, seek clarification If still in doubt, notify Master and take whatever action until Master arrives 40

41 Duties of the officer of the watch Be able to switch to hand steering at all times Use the radar whenever necessary Check vessel s position, course and speed regularly Take fixes at regular intervals Use appropriate and corrected charts 41

42 Vessel at anchor Rule 5 - Look-out Determine and plot vessel s position Check if vessel is remaining at anchor Have a proper look-out Make inspection rounds periodically Observe: Meteorological conditions Tidal conditions State of sea Notify Master and take measures if anchor drags 42

Vessel at anchor Ensure that main engines and other machinery are always ready Ensure that proper lights are exhibited Ensure that proper shapes are

43 Vessel at anchor Ensure that main engines and other machinery are always ready Ensure that proper lights are exhibited Ensure that proper shapes are exhibited Ensure that proper sound signals are made Avoid placing reliance on guard zones when using radar in lieu of a look-out 43

Collision in restricted visibility

August 2018 Collision in restricted visibility Vessel A, a container vessel, was approaching the pilot station at full speed which was 17 knots and on a course of 280. It was in the afternoon there was