Presentation Copenhagen City on alternative drivelines and fuels and procurement strategy towards 2025 David Marc Gurewitsch Fleet Development COPENHAGEN CITY The Technical- & Environmental Administration City Operations
Inner outer pressure
Focus for the transition + NO X +
Operation slowly moving forward
2015 fuel consumption - a CO 2 indicator 3% 3% 1% 2% 0% 19% 27% 6% 12% 6% 1% 1% 19% Diverse Entreprenørmaskiner (KMC) Fejemaskiner, store Græsklipper Grave- læssemaskiner Lastvogne > 3500 kg Minibusser < 3.500 kg Minitraktorer, Redskabsbærere Personbiler Traktorer Vans Varevogne < 3.500 kg Varevogne, komprimator
Crucial view of the actual/ expected hurdles and gains for each driveline and fuel solution Matureness of driveline? Infrastructure geography placements vs. investment needed? Expected cost of driveline and after sale price? Operation costs (fuel and service)? Ensure easier fleet management? Range needed / winter operation issues? Iddle usage that leads to NO X og PM focus? Value change emissions (WtW) of CO 2 and NO X? Pilots for un-proven solutions (drivelines/fuels) New tender focal points (clean Vehicle Directive/emission impact) Joint procurement + Cross Boarder Joint Procurement can gain crucial knowledge on how to encrease volume on a small volume market
Tender focus on WtW CO 2 (well to wheel - alternative fuels) Biogas Power Diesel & gasoline HVO diesel Battery electric
Costs & emissions of different driveline/fuels vs. diesel - A generic overview based on VW and Mercedes Minitrucks - * 10.000 KM/year All well to wheel CO 2 emission
Recommendations for the choice of drivelines - Based on our own needs/requirements
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time Large trucks for winter usage + long hours Small/medium sized trucks + short range + good tanking logistics! HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Biogas (CBG) * (gasoline engine) Retrofit: Battery electric (BEV) or Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 *65-75 kg gas pr. 100 km in winter operation using PTO for salt spread. Available gas tank 128 kg gas with standard setting = 170 km winter range! Dynamic overview to be up-dated 2024 2025 Fuel cell (FCEV) + Range Extender (REEV) with fuel cell og conventional engine (H 2 or GTL/HVO or methanol)
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dynamic overview to be up-dated
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dynamic overview to be up-dated
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 FCEV + Range Extender (REEV) with fuel cell (H 2 or methanol) Dynamic overview to be up-dated
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 FCEV + Range Extender (REEV) with fuel cell (H 2 or methanol) Dynamic overview to be up-dated
Mitsubishi imiev Renault Zoe 1 gen Nissan Leaf III Renault Zoe II Opel Ampera e Nissan/Renault/VW Hyundai/VW/Mercedes (solid state) Battery development vs range - passenger cars KM NEDC range (new unkown) 1100 600 160 210 250 400 500 2010 2011 2016 2017 2018 2020 +2022
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dynamic overview to be up-dated
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) Battery electric (BEV) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dynamic overview to be up-dated
CPH procurement of drivelines and fuels over time HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Retrofit: Bio methanol (gasoline engine) 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Fuel cell (FCEV) + Range Extender (REEV) with fuel cell (H 2 or methanol) Dynamic overview to be up-dated
HVO or GTL (diesel engine) Biogas (CNG) Battery electric (BEV) Fuel cell (FCEV) + Range Extender Recommendation of where to go an overview of all categories! HEAVY DUTY VEHICLES LIGHT DUTY VEHICLES HEAVY DUTY MACHINES LIGHT DUTY MACHINES 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Dynamic overview to be up-dated
Planning is needed 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Most efficient solutions by + 2020 Registration and data gathering for entire fleet + centralized procurement and ownership and service Dynamic overview to be up-dated
Pilots done! GTL Natural gas based diesel replacement fuel Reducing: NO X by 12 % and PM by 32 % no CO 2 reduction Additional reductions: Illimination of large particles and aromatics Nearly no smell No loss of power or cold start problems Especially good for reducing PM when engine is iddling
Coming pilots CO 2 reducing/green methanol for vehicles and machines Producing methanol from CO 2 and renewable power sources Using green methanol in gasoline/gas engines Reducing both CO 2, NO X and PM Potential: Global fuel local production Danish technology A temporary technology? New generation of engines...
Getting the politician to decide Operation with limited economy heavy investments are needed... A political position paper is necessary Result...?
Joint Procurement Focus Lower price for new and alternative technologies Let the market know where we and other municipalities are Joint procurement National network of 20 municipalities on the procurement of BEVs, PHEVs and FCEVs Cross boarder joint procurement CNCA (Stockholm, Oslo and Copenhagen) procurement of wheel loaders Sharing of operation data; tender experiences; business cases Promoting the solutions towards entrepreneurs and rental companies Coming Scandinavian procurement network Setting the same demands on WtW: CO 2, NO X, TCO?
Learnings Holistic approach is needed Traditional methods don t work Engage stakeholders (users/local, national and international) Open up for innovation Engage with partnerships/network Demonstrate it show it!
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