The Nordic countries in figures

The Nordic countries in figures 2010

Order your Nordic Statistica Yearbook 2010 on www.norden.org

Nordic countries in figures 2010 ANP 2010:773

T RY K S A G N R. 541-618 Nordic countries in figures 2010 ANP 2010:773 ISBN 978-92-893-2150-1 ISSN 0908-4398 Nordic Council of Ministers Cover design: Jette Koefoed Print: Arco Grafisk A/S, Skive Copies: 5 000 Printed in Denmark Main suppliers of data: The Nordic national statistical institutes Eds: Ulla Agerskov and Leila L. Hjulgaard, Statistics Denmark. Nordic Council of Ministers The Nordic Council Ved Stranden 18 Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen K DK-1061 Copenhagen K Tel: +45 33 96 02 00 Tel: +45 33 96 04 00 Fax: +45 33 96 02 02 Fax: +45 33 11 18 70 www.norden.org Nordic co-operation Nordic co-operation is one of the world s most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and three autonomous areas: the Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. Nordic co-operation has firm traditions in politics, the economy and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic co-operation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Common Nordic values help the regionsolidify its position as one of the world s most innovative and competitive.

Contents The Nordic countries 4 Key figures 6 Environment and energy 8 Population 9 Science and technology 13 Quality of life 14 Education 17 Economic trends 18 Globalisation 20 Public finance and prices 23 Labour market 27 Throughout the book, the following symbols and country codes are used: Symbols Country codes Nil - Denmark: DK Åland: AX Less than half 0 Faroe Islands: FO Iceland:IS Not applicable. Greenland: GL Norway: NO Data not available.. Finland: FI Sweden: SE To describe the different countries in the figures, the following colours are used: Denmark: Greenland: Åland: Norway: Faroe Islands: Finland: Iceland: Sweden:

The Nordic countries Denmark Area km 2 43 561 Population 5 534 738 Status/Form Constitutional of government monarchy Head of state Queen Margrethe II Capital population 678 873 Faroe Islands Area km 2 1 396 Population 48 650 Status/Form Home rule within of government the Kingdom of Denmark Head of state Queen Margrethe II Capital population 19 873 (Municipality) Greenland Area km 2 2 166 086 Population 56 452 Status/Form Self government of government within the Kingdom of Denmark Head of state Queen Margrethe II Capital population 15 469 Finland Area km 2 338 441 Population 5 351 427 Status/Form of government Republic Head of state President Tarja Halonen Capital population 583 350 4 The Nordic countries in figures

The Nordic countries Åland Area km 2 1 582 Population 27 734 Status/Form Home rule within of government the Republic of Finland Head of state President Tarja Halonen Capital population 11 123 Iceland Area km 2 103 300 Population 317 630 Status/Form of government Republic Head of state President Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson Capital population 118 326 Norway Area km 2 323 782 Population 4 858 199 Status/Form Constitutional of government monarchy Head of state King Harald V Capital population 586 860 Sweden Area km 2 450 295 Population 9 340 682 Status/Form Constitutional of government monarchy Head of state King Carl XVI Gustaf Capital population 810 120 The Nordic countries in figures 5

Key figures The Nordic countries in an international context key figures. 2009 Nordic countries Euroarea USA Japan Land area, 1 000 sq km Total 3 429 2 650 9 629 378 Ice-free 1 577 2 616 9 160 375 Population Total, million 26 329 307 127 Inhabitants per sq. km 16 126 33 338 Fertility Births per woman 1.9 1.5 2.1 1.4 Per cent of population 0 14 years 17.5 15.5 20.3 13.5 65+ years 16.6 17.9 12.6 22.1 Life expectancy (years) 2008 Men 78 78 76 79 Women 83 83 81 86 GDP Billion euro 968 8 963 10 123 3 639 Per person, euro (PPP) 30 318 25 500 34 500 27 200 General government, per cent of GDP Debt, ultimo 2009 43.3 78.7 53.1 178.0 Surplus 0.5-6.3-6.1-10.3 Tax burden 2008 43.3 39.3 26.9 28.3 Labour force, per cent Labour force participation Men 81.7 80.1 80.8 85.2 Women 76.7 64.8 70.4 61.9 Unemployment 6.8 9.4 9.3 5.1 The Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Faroe Islands, Greenland and Åland. Euro-area: The 16 European countries that have adopted the euro as currency. 6 The Nordic countries in figures

Key figures Area (ice-free) 3% 0% 27% 25% 1 9% 20% 6% 0% Denmark 3% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 25% Finland 20% Åland 0% Iceland 6% Norway 19% Sweden 27% Population Population 37% 1 9% 22% 0% 0% 21 % 1 % 0% Denmark 22% Faroe Islands 0% Greenland 0% Finland 21% Åland 0% Iceland 1% Norway 19% Sweden 37% Gross national income 33% 24% 24% 0% 0% 1 8% 0% 1 % Denmark Denmark 24% 24% Faroe Faroe Islands Islands 0% 0% Greenland Greenland 0% 0% Finland Finland 18% 18% Åland Åland 0% 0% Iceland Iceland 1% 1% Norway Norway 24% 24% Sweden Sweden 33% 33% The Nordic countries in figures 7 77

Environment and energy Land use. 2009 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of total DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Arable land and garden Forests Lakes Meadows and pastures Other land area Icecap Indigenous energy production. 2008 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of total DK FI IS NO SE EU-15 Renewable Gas Nuclear energy Coal Oil 8 The Nordic countries in figures

Population Nordic population. 1 January 2010 Total Men Women The Nordic countries, total 25 507 778 12 659 299 12 848 479 Denmark 5 534 738 2 743 286 2 791 452 Faroe Islands 48 650 25 308 23 342 Greenland 56 452 29 936 26 516 Finland 5 351 427 2 625 067 2 726 360 Åland 27 734 13 807 13 927 Iceland 317 630 159 936 157 694 Norway 4 858 199 2 426 752 2 431 447 Sweden 9 340 682 4 649 014 4 691 668 Population trends according to latest population projections 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 95 Index 2005=100 IS DK 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 GL AX NO SE FI The Nordic countries in figures 9

Population Total fertility rate 2.8 Number of children per woman 2.6 FO 2.4 GL 2.2 IS 2.0 NO 1.8 FI 1.6 DK AX 1.4 SE 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Life expectancy for a newborn baby, years DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men 1990 72.0 72.3 60.7 70.9 74.7 75.0 73.4 74.8 1995 72.6 73.5 62.3 72.8 75.1 76.5 74.8 76.2 2000 74.3 75.1 62.8 74.1 78.5 77.6 76.0 77.4 2005 75.6 76.9 65.5 75.5 77.6 79.2 77.7 78.4 2008 76.3 76.8 66.6 76.3 79.0 79.6 78.3 79.1 2009 76.5 76.9.. 76.5.. 79.7 78.6 79.3 Women 1990 77.7 79.4 68.4 78.9 82.8 80.1 79.8 80.4 1995 77.8 80.5 68.3 80.2 81.1 80.6 80.8 81.5 2000 79.0 81.4 68.0 81.0 81.5 81.4 81.4 82.0 2005 80.2 81.4 70.9 82.3 83.6 83.1 82.5 82.8 2008 80.7 82.3 71.6 83.0 83.1 83.0 82.9 83.2 2009 80.8 82.4.. 83.1.. 83.3 83.1 83.3 10 The Nordic countries in figures

Population Asylum requests Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total 1990 5 292.. 4.. 29 420.. 1995 5 104.. 4 1 460 9 047.. 2000 10 347 3 170 25 10 843 16 303 40 688 2005 1 283 3 574 87 5 402 17 530 27 876 2008 951 4 035 73 14 431 24 353 43 843 2009 2 022 5 988 34 17 226.... Asylum requests by citizenship. 2009 Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total Total 2 022 5 988 34 17 226 24 353 49 623 EEA 5 7-83 36 131 Bulgaria 6 739-13 12 770 Romania 11 54-6 14 85 Russia 114 602-867 933 2 516 Belarus 2 95-10 361 468 Ukraine 4 7-27 60 98 Turkey 14 140 1 82 254 491 Other Europe 209 392 4 421 2 424 3 450 America, total 12 10 1 36 273 332 Somalia 66 1 180 1 1 901 3 361 6 509 Other Africa 170 610 12 5 068 2 892 8 752 Afghanistan 514 461 2 3 871 784 5 632 Iraq 153 1 195 3 1 214 6 083 8 648 Iran 280 162 6 574 799 1 821 Other Asia 417 275 4 1 773 4 560 7 029 Oceania - - -.. - - Unknown and stateless 45 59-1 280 1 507 2 891 EEA: European Economic Area. Consists of the 27 members of the European Union, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein. The Nordic countries in figures 11

Population Candidates elected to national parliaments, latest election 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of elected DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men Women Candidates elected to European parliaments 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of elected DK FI SE DK FI SE DK FI SE 1999 2004 2009 Men Women 12 12 The Nordic countries in figures

Science and technology R&D expenditure by performing sector. 2008 100 Per cent of R&D expenditure 80 60 40 20 0 DK FI IS NO SE Business and enterprise sector Government sector Higher education sector Norway: 2007 data. Private non-profit sector Internet use Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Per cent of 16 74 year old population In the last 3 months 2003 71 66 81 75 77 2009 86 82 93 91 90 At least once a week 2003 64 58 75 66 69 2009 82 79 90 88 86 The Nordic countries in figures 13

Quality of life Children in day care by age. 2009 Denmark Finland Iceland Norway Sweden Total number of children in the age group Total 318 338 176 140 20 072 269 654 465 109 0 years 9 751 557 320 2 706 7 1 years 57 777 17 396 3 145 42 246 54 861 2 years 60 241 29 886 4 262 51 659 99 986 3 years 63 999 40 076 4 216 57 487 103 837 4 years 63 869 42 996 4 230 57 491 103 061 5 years 62 701 45 229 3 899 58 065 103 357 Per cent of children in the age group Total 81,1 49,7 75,2 74,8 71,9 0 years 15,1 0,9 7,2 4,4 0,0 1 years 88,0 29,0 67,5 69,8 49,5 2 years 92,4 50,3 93,8 85,8 90,9 3 years 97,6 67,1 95,3 96,1 95,0 4 years 97,5 73,5 95,7 97,0 97,7 5 years 95,1 77,1 91,4 97,9 98,0 Children in total or partly publicly funded day care. Iceland: 2008 data Number of days with maternity day benefits. 2008 Per cent 100 80 60 40 20 0 DK FI IS NO SE Men Women 14 14 The Nordic countries in figures

Quality of life Non daily smokers Per cent DK FO FI IS NO SE Men 1995 56.. 71 68 67 78 2000 69.. 73 77 69 83 2005 72 72 74 80 73 86 2008 76 79 74 84 79 88 Women 1995 61.. 81 67 68 76 2000 74.. 80 78 68 79 2005 77 73 82 80 76 82 2008 78 73 83 84 79 84 Denmark: 2000 refers to 2001 data and 2005 refers to 2004 data. Faroe Islands and Finland: 2008 refers to 2007 data. Sale of alcoholic beverages 16 Litres of pure alcohol per person 14 12 GL 10 DK FI 8 AX FO IS 6 SE NO 4 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 The Nordic countries in figures 15

Quality of life Deaths caused by cancer. Per 100 000. 2008 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Men 0 14 years 3 - - 2-3 3 3 15 34 years 8 - - 7-10 5 6 35 44 years 23 28 39 22 21 8 18 19 45 54 years 110-101 75 21 61 88 76 55 64 years 400 440 526 308 375 226 305 270 65 74 years 968 968 1 718 719 1 068 842 818 731 75+ years 2 257 2 177 2 806 1 735 2 129 1 841 2 227 1 924 Women 0 14 years 2 19-3 18 3 2 2 15 34 years 6-13 6 7-7 6 35 44 years 38-23 25-32 29 32 45 54 years 130 66 152 86 80 105 104 101 55 64 years 347 306 470 223 301 244 280 263 65 74 years 769 351 1 862 463 536 723 575 567 75+ years 1 484 1 279 1 290 1 031 1 216 1 398 1 208 1 147 Faroe Islands: 2006 data. Public libraries, stock and lending DK FO FI AX IS NO SE Per person Stock, total 2005 5.3 8.0 7.8 12.0.. 4.8 4.8 2008 4.5 13.4 7.6 12.2.. 4.4 4.7 Lent out, total 2005 13.5 3.7 19.8 17.8.. 5.4 7.9 2008 13.4 4.0 18.6 17.3.. 5.0 7.5 Books lent 2005 9.6.. 14.5.... 3.9 6.7 2008 9.7.. 13.5 14.1.. 3.5 6.2 16 The Nordic countries in figures

Education Number of visits to museums. 2008 6 Visits per person 5 4 3 2 1 0 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Iceland: 2006 data. Students aged 20 39 at tertiary education, per cent of population 22 Per cent 20 FI 18 16 14 12 SE IS NO DK 10 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 The Nordic countries in figures 17

Economic trends Economic key figures. 2009 Per cent of GDP DK FI IS NO SE Euroarea Balance of payments 4.0 1.3-3.3 13.9 7.4-0.6 Foreign asssets, net, 31 dec. 2009 6.0-7.0-371.0 88.7-9.0.. Public sector surplus -2.7-2.2-9.1 9.7-0.5-6.3 Public debt, 31 dec. 2009 41.6 44.0 88.1 43.7 42.1 78.7 Per cent Unemployment 6.0 8.2 8.0 3.1 8.3 9.4 Interest rate 3.6 3.7 8 4.0 3.3 4.0 Percentage change 2008 2009 Inflation 1.1 1.6 16.3 2.3 1.9 0.3 Economic growth -4.9-7.8-6.5-1.6-5.1-4.1 Share price index -26.7-32.9-86.3-24.8-9.9-25.4 Effective nominal exchange rate index 3.0 1.1.. -1.5-9.3.. Note: Harmonized unemployment figures. 18 The Nordic countries in figures

Economic trends Gross domestic product per person in euro (PPP) 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 Index EU-15=100 NO AX DK IS SE EU-15 FI 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Gross domestic product, real annual growth 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0-1.0-2.0-3.0-4.0-5.0-6.0-7.0-8.0 Per cent DK FI IS NO SE EU-15 2008 2009 The Nordic countries in figures 19

Globalisation Exports of the Nordic countries to other Nordic countries 26 24 22 20 18 16 14 12 10 8 Per cent of total exports SE DK FI NO IS 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Imports s of to the Nordic countries from other Nordic countries 32 30 28 Per cent of total imports IS 26 24 22 20 NO DK SE FI 18 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 20 The Nordic countries in figures

Globalisation Nordic exports in per cent of total export. 2009 Per cent DK FI IS NO SE Exports to: Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Nordic countries 22.4 14.8 10.4 11.0 24.8 EU-15 (excl. DK, FI, SE) 46.2 35.5 71.2 66.5 39.1 12 new EU countries 5.9 8.4 2.6 2.9 5.5 Russia 1.6 8.9 1.2 0.8 1.4 Other Europe 2.2 3.4 1.8 1.4 2.9 USA and Canada 7.1 8.8 4.4 7.1 7.3 Other America 1.9 2.8 0.3 0.9 2.1 Japan 2.0 1.6 1.9 1.0 1.3 DAEs 3.2 3.2 1.0 3.6 2.5 China 2.3 4.1 2.6 2.1 3.1 India 0.4 1.0 0.0 0.5 1.3 Rest of the world 4.9 7.5 2.6 2.2 8.8 Imports from: Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Nordic countries 22.7 20.2 29.7 24.3 22.8 EU-15 (excl. DK, FI, SE) 48.4 39.7 31.5 35.9 46.2 12 new EU countries 6.6 7.2 4.1 6.9 7.9 Russia 0.8 16.1 0.7 1.5 3.6 Other Europe 2.3 1.4 3.5 2.2 1.8 USA and Canada 3.8 2.8 8.8 8.3 4.1 Other America 1.9 1.7 7.6 2.6 1.4 Japan 0.5 1.0 3.3 2.5 1.8 DAEs 4.1 2.2 2.0 4.2 2.6 China 6.3 5.3 5.0 7.8 4.8 India 0.8 0.4 0.8 0.5 0.5 Rest of the world 1.8 2.2 3.1 3.2 2.5 Note: DAE-countries (Dynamic Asian Economies): Hong Kong, Malaysia, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand. The Nordic countries in figures 21

Globalisation Trade balance of goods 20 15 10 5 0-5 -10-15 -20 Per cent of GDP NO FI SE DK IS 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 Foreign direct investment inwards 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of GDP IS SE EU-15 DK FI NO 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 22 The Nordic countries in figures

Globalisation/ Public finance and prices Nordic students abroad. 2008/09 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of all students abroad DK FI AX IS NO SE Nordic countries France, Italy and Spain Australia and New Zealand Great Britain USA and Canada Other Consumer price index. 2009 145 140 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 100 Index 2005=100 DK FO GL FI AX IS NO SE Greenland: 2008 data 23 The Nordic countries in figures 23

Public finance and prices Price levels. 2009 Index EU-15=100 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 DK FI IS NO SE EU-15 GDP Food House price index 270 250 230 210 190 170 150 130 110 90 Index 2000=100 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 FO DK IS FI SE NO 24 The Nordic countries in figures

Public finance and prices General government expenditure by purpose. 2008 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Per cent of GDP DK FO GL FI IS NO SE Social protection Public order, safety and defence Education, recreation, culture, religion Greenland: 2007 data. Health Expenditure for other purposes General government gross debt Per cent of GDP 100 90 DK 80 70 60 50 FI 40 30 20 10 0 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 NO Euro-area SE IS The Nordic countries in figures 25

Public finance and prices Share prices 250 Index 2005=100 200 FI 150 NO 100 50 SE DK 1992 1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 IS Government aid to developing countries 1.2 1.0 Per cent of gross national income NO SE 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 FI DK IS 0.0 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 26 The Nordic countries in figures

Labour market Activity rates by sex. 2009 100 Per cent of all 16 64-year-olds 80 60 40 20 0 DK FO FI AX IS NO SE EU-15 Activity rates, men Activity rates, women Åland: 2008 data. Unemployment 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Per cent EU-15 FI AX SE DK IS NO FO 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 EU-harmonised unemployment figures except Faroe Islands and Åland. The Nordic countries in figures 27

Labour market Unemployment by age. 2009 1 000 persons DK FO FI AX IS NO SE Total 170.7 1.3 221.0 0.3 12.9 81.0 401.3 16 19 21.6 0.4 32.0 0.0 2.3 17.0 67.0 20 24 25.6 0.2 38.0 0.0 2.5 17.0 84.7 25 34 39.3 0.3 47.0 0.1 3.7 18.0 82.5 35 44 33.8 0.1 35.0 0.1 1.8 15.0 63.8 45 54 31.2 0.1 41.0 0.1 1.7 10.0 56.4 55 64 19.2 0.2 29.0 0.1 1.0 4.0 46.9 Finland and Åland: 2008 data. Commuters after commuting direction. 2007 Sweden to Norway Sweden to Denmark Finland to Sweden Sweden to Finland Denmark to Norway Norway to Sweden Denmark to Sweden Finland to Norway Norway to Denmark Norway to Finland 0 4 000 8 000 12 000 16 000 20 000 24 000 Persons 28 The Nordic countries in figures

Order your Nordic Statistica Yearbook 2010 on www.norden.org

Ved Stranden 18 DK-1061 Copenhagen K www.norden.org This booklet presents an interesting selection of basic data on socioeconomic conditions and cultural affairs in the entire Nordic region. The figures are excerpts from the Nordic Statistical Yearbook 2010. ANP 2010:773 ISBN 978-92-893-2150-1 ISSN 0908-4398