Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, vol. RESEARCH ON THE ICHTYOFAUNA STRUCTURES FROM THREE NATURA SITES, BETWEEN NOVEMBER-DECEMBER Carmen Georgeta Nicolae 1*, Tania Zaharia, V. Maximov, V. Niţă, D. Micu, Şt. Diaconescu 1, V. Cristea 1, Monica Marin 1, Dana Popa 1, R.A. Popa 1 1 University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania National Institutes for Marine Research and Development Grigore Antipa, Constanţa, Romania Abstract The current common fisheries policy allows a better integration of requirements for environmental protection in fisheries management, which contributes directly to achieving the objectives of the "Birds" and "Habitats". Marine Natura sites designated as Special Areas of Conservation (approved by the European Commission Decision 9/9/EC), which were the subject of this study are: ROSCI 9 Vama Veche Mai, ROSCI 73 Marine area from Capul Tuzla; ROSCI 37 Submarine structures methanogenic Sf. Gheorghe. In order to achieve a complete inventory of the species as present in the marine Natura sites under study were organized and conducted research expeditions at sea and along the coast, in the SCI survey sites to make fishing and levies biological samples, measurements and sampling. Ichthyofauna has been used to study samples extracted randomized study, which is part of the general population, but provides sufficient information to characterize the entire population. Fisheries science has shown the greatest diversity in ROSCI 9 Vama Veche - Mai ( species) and lowest in ROSCI 73 Marine area from Capul Tuzla ( species). These data are considered preliminary, future research will illustrate the correct situation in all sites. Key words: ichtyofauna, marine sites, Natura INTRODUCTION 1 In the last decades, the ichthyofauna of the Black Sea, especially the populations of commercial interest, had suffered severe changes and often unpredictable. Dependent upon biological specificity of each species of fish, these changes are manifest both in structure, ichthyofauna potential and ethological aspects of the population. For many species of fish populations have declined so rapidly that they have lost the importance of commercial fisheries, while still remaining merely as zoological representatives of the species []. Data provided by the actions of control and monitoring to identify the conservation status of species and habitats present in sites. Conservation measures, which will be set up in offshore sites, will be aimed at the *Corresponding author: carmennicolae19@yahoo.com The manuscript was received:.. Accepted for publication: 1.9. maintenance or restoration of species and habitat, for which it was, designated the site at a favourable conservation status. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fish population studied using randomized samples extracted method, which is a part of the overall population, but offers enough information to characterize the entire population. Samples taken for the study of qualitative and quantitative component consisted of a few pounds of fish taken from randomized trawler sampling with the research vessel "starfish". Samples taking were made during the period November- December, in the perimeters of three sites considered in the study, namely ROSCI 9 Vama Veche Mai; ROSCI 73 Marine area at the Capul Tuzla; ROSCI 37 Submarine structures methanogenic Sf. Gheorghe. In the laboratory has studied the structure of the mass, length and age. Biometrical - 91 -
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi measurements were made in accordance with international standards, i.e., the total length (Lt), read at intervals of mm and consolidations to centimetre below. The mass was obtained, in grams, with an accuracy of ± 1 g. Age readings were made on otolites and scale fish. In order to determine the sex and the degree of maturation of the fish s gonads were carried out dissection specimens taken in the study and the comments made in the form of different ages according to the frequency of the scale fish appreciation [1]. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS In the ROSCI 9 Vama Veche Mai site, at the trawling in November,, has been captured species, predominantly red mullet (3.9) followed by whiting (.). Valuable species (such as turbot and Alosa sp.) represented less than of the catch (Table 1). Table 1 caught in ROSCI 9 Vama Veche Mai site, in November, Common name Capture (kg) Abundance Aurelia aurita moon jellyfish... Mytilus galloprovincialis bay mussel.. 11.9 Liocarcinus vernalis grey swimming crab...3 Rapana venosa veined whelk...1 Crangon crangon brown shrimp... Psetta maeotica turbot.1.1 1. Mesogobius knout goby... batrachocephalus 1 Neogobius melanostomus round goby 1. 1.. Merlangius merlangus whiting 131. 131.. Pomatomus saltatrix bluefish.. 3.3 Pegusa lascaris sand sole...1 Alosa immaculata Pontic shad...1 1 Mullus barbatus red mullet 17. 17. 3.9 Hippocampus guttulatus seahorse... Mediterranean horse mackerel 7. 7..13 Scorpaena scrofa red scorpionfish.9.9.17 Gobius niger black goby... Trachinus draco weever...3 Alosa tanaica Azov shad 1. 1.. Gaidropsarus mediterraneus shore rockling... 1 Total 9.9. *CPUE - catch per unit effort Of the amount of 17 kg of red mullet, has taken a sample of 7 biological specimens. Individuals have presented a range of sizes, from to mm /.17-.13 g, with a growing domination of - mm.17-3. g. Average length of the body was.1 cm and the average mass of 13.9 g (Fig. 1). - -7 7-7 7- - -9 9-9 9- - -1 1-1 1- - -13 13-13 Mullus barbatus (barbun) 7 exemplare L. medie -,1 mm G. medie - 13,9 g Fig. 1 The structure of lengths and weights classes at the Mullus barbatus species 13- - - - - - 9 - Age composition indicates the presence of specimens in the years between the ages of + to 3 + years old. Those aged 1 + year (9.), with average values of length and
Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, vol. mass of 9. mm, 9.3 g and + years (3.31, weight and length average 1.13 mm and.9 g), formed the basis of the catch of red mullet, followed by the group of 3 + years with.3 (average length and weight of 137.71 g,.7 mm). The sex ratio was a clear dominance of females (.1), compared to males (1.). following formula: D 1 VIII; D I ; A II ; P 17; V I and the brachial thorns were 1-3. Of the 131 kg of whiting, has taken a biological sample and were considered a total of specimens. On the whole, the population was homogeneous, the spectrum of wavelengths fits within the length of - 19 mm /.33-7.g and dominant being classes to 13 mm /.9-1. g. Average length of the body was 117. mm and the average mass of. g (Fig. ). 1-9 9-9 9- - -1 1-1 1- - -13 13-13 13- - - Merlangius merlangus euxinus (bacaliar) exemplare Femele -, ; Masculi - 3,7 L. medie - 117, mm G. medie -,37 g - - Fig. The structure of lengths and weights classes at Merlangius merlangus species Analysis of composition of age showed the individuals from 1;1 + to 3;3 + years, domination of 1;1 + year (. ) and ; + years (3. ). The sex ratio indicates a male domination (3.7 ) to female (. ). The fins have been identified by the following formula: D 1 13-17; D -; D 3 17-; A 1 7-3; A 19-; P -1; V and the brachial thorns were -3. At the trawling taken of December screenshots have appeared in only 7 species of fish; from which dominated sprat (3.1), followed by whiting (9.) (Table ). - -17 17-17 17-1 1- -19 Table caught in ROSCI 9 Vama Veche - Mai site, in December, Common name Capture (kg) Abundance Aurelia aurita moon jellyfish 1.13. 11. Sprattus sprattus sprat.3. 3.1 Merlangius merlangus whiting.9.9 9. Alosa tanaica Azov shad.33. 3. Engraulis encrasicolus anchovy.13. 1.7 Mediterranean horse mackerel... 1 Platichthys flesus flounder.. 1.9 1 Neogobius melanostomus round goby... Total.. Analysis of the structure of the classes and the lengths of the catches of sprat showed mature specimens of compartment underlined the presence and a great deal of uniformity of bevies. The length spectrum of sprat individuals were employed shall within the limits of classes of lengths of -1 mm / 3.93-.9 g, dominant being the classes of 9- mm /.9-. g (Fig. 3). The average length of the body was 9.73 mm and the average weight of.31g. 3 3 Sprattus sprattus (sprot) exemplare Femele -, ; Masculi -, L. medie - 9,7 mm G. medie -,31 g - -9 9-9 9- - -1 Clasa de lungimi (cm) Fig. 3 The structure of lengths and weights classes at the Sprattus sprattus species Age composition of the catches of sprat shall indicate the presence of 1;1 + and 3;3 + years; basis catch was the individuals of ; + (. ); and 3;3 + (3. ). Females had a proportion of. and 3.7 for males. - 93 -
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi following formula: D II -17; A II 17-1; P -17; V 7-, C 19; pelvic scutes 9-33 and the brachial thorns were -. In the ROSCI 73 Marine area from Capul Tuzla, in November was captured only fish species: sprat (9.) and anchovy (Table 3). Table 3 caught in ROSCI 73 Marine area from Capul Tuzla site, in November, Common name Capture (kg) Abundance Aurelia aurita moon jellyfish 37. 37. 7. Sprattus sprattus sprat.. 9. Engraulis encrasicolus anchovy... Total.. Of the amount of, kg of sprat, has taken a biological sample and were considered a total of 1. Analysis of the structure of the classes and the lengths of the catches of sprat has highlighted the presence of mature specimens and a great homogeneity of bevies. The length spectrum of individuals employed sprat was within the classes of lengths of -9 mm / 1.-3. g, dominant being the classes of to mm / 1.73-.1 g (Fig. ). capture (Table ). In the second sampling, were fishing fish species, with the dominance of whiting (Table ). At Mediterranean horse mackerel has collected a sample of 7 fishes, which was composed of young specimens, with length spectrum between 7-13 mm /.-1. g, between the ages of 1;1 + and 3;3 +, dominant being the classes of 9- mm / 7.-13.1 g, age old ; + years (Fig. ). Proportion of females was 1.3 and of male.. 3 3 Sprattus sprattus (sprot) 1 exemplare Femele -,7 ; Masculi -, L. medie - 7,3 mm G. medie -, g ponticus (stavrid) 7 exemplare Femele - 1,3 ; Masculi -, L. medie -, mm G. medie -,7 g - - -7 7-7 7- - -9 7-7 7- - -9 9-9 9- - -1 1-1 1- - -13 Fig. The structure of lengths and weights classes at the Sprattus sprattus species The average length of the body was 7.73 mm and the weight average of. g. Age composition of the catches of sprat indicates the presence of only 1;1 + year specimen. Females were dominant, taking the percentage of. 7. following formula: D II -17; A II 17-1; P -17; V 7-, C 19; pelvic scale 9-33 and the thorns were -. In ROSCI 37 Submarine structures methanogenic Sf. Gheorghe site at samples token in November, at the first sampling were fishing 9 fish species and 3 invertebrate species; have dominated bay mussel, which represented more than 9 of Fig. The structure of lengths and weights classes at the species Formula fins structure was: D 1 VII-IX; D I 7-3; A II; I 3-3; P I 19-1; V I ; line side shields - and the brachial thorns were -. The quantity of kg Azov shad, has taken a biological sample of fishes. - -1 1-1 1- - -13 13-13 13- - - - - - -17 17-17 17-1 Alosa tanaica (rizeafca) exemplare Femele -,9 ; Masculi -,11 L. medie - 1, mm G. medie -,7 g Fig. The structure of lengths and weights classes at the Alosa tanaica species 1- -19 19-19 19- - - - - - 9 -
Lucrări Ştiinţifice - Seria Zootehnie, vol. The analysis presented a range of sizes, from - mm/7.-7.93 g, with a dominance class 1- mm/11.37-.3g (Fig. ). The average length of the body was 1. mm and the average mass of. g. Females were at number 7 and males of 79. following formula: D III 13; A III 1; P I ; V I ; C and the brachial thorns were 7. Table caught in ROSCI 37 Submarine methanogene area Sf. Gheorghe site, in November, at first samples taken Common name Capture (kg) Abundance Ascidae sea squirts..93 Mytilus galloprovincialis bay mussel 3. 3 73.9 Crangon crangon brown shrimp... 3 Liocarcinus vernalis grey swimming crab... Psetta maeotica turbot.. Symphodus (Crenilabrus) roissali... 1 Platichthys flesus flounder.3.3.7 Mediterranean horse mackerel..1. Spratus sprattus sprat...9 Alosa immaculata Pontic shad 3. 3 7.39 Pegusa lascaris sand sole...3 1 Gaidropsarus mediterraneus shore rockling.3.3.7 1 Merlangius merlangus whiting..3 Total.. Table caught in ROSCI 37 Submarine methanogene area Sf. Gheorghe site, in November, at secondary samples taken Common Capture (kg) Abundance name Aurelia aurita moon jellyfish. 3.33. Rapana venosa veined whelk.. 13. Psetta maeotica turbot.. 1.3 Dasyatis pastinaca stingray. 9.. Platichthys flesus flounder..,1 3 Mediterranean horse mackerel.. 1.3 Mytilus galloprovincialis bay mussel., 1.3 Spratus sprattus sprat..33.7 Alosa tanaica Azov shad.. 1.3 Alosa immaculata Pontic shad 3.,.1 Neogobius fluviatilis monkey goby 3...1 Mullus barbatus red mullet.. 13. Pegusa lascaris sand sole. 1.33.7 Acipenser stellatus sevruga...1 3 Acipenser gueldenstaedtii osetr... Huso huso beluga... Gobius niger black goby,.7.1 3 Merlangius merlangus whiting. 3..9 Total 73.. The quantity of kilograms has taken a biological sample and was considered a total of 7 fishes of red mullet. The population of red mullet was enclosed within a length of 7- mm /.39-.7 g, dominant being the classes of - mm /.99-. g. - 9 -
University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Iasi Average length of the body was 9.77 mm and the average mass of 11.9 g (Fig. 7). The age composition indicates the presence of specimens in the age range ; + to 3;3 + years. The old 1;1 + years (.), with average values of length and mass of 3.7 mm, i.e. 9.9 g and ; + (3., length and weight of 3.7 mm and 7. g), formed the basis of the catch of red mullet, followed by the group of : + years with.97 (average length and weight of.1 mm, respectively 1. g) (Fig. 7). The sex ratio was clearly dominated by males (3.9), compared to females (.11). 7-7 7- - -9 9-9 9- - -1 1-1 1- - Mullus barbatus (barbun) 7 exemplare Femele -,11 ; Masculi - 3,9 L. medie - 9,77 mm Fig. 7 The structure of lengths classes at the Mullus barbatus species following formula: D 1 VIII; D I ; A II ; P 17; V I and the thorns were 1-3. The whiting (31 individuals), the spectrum of length was within the range - mm / 3.7-.9 g, dominant being the classes of 9-13 mm /.-17.3 g. The average length of the body was 1. mm and the average mass of 11.3 g (Fig. ). 1 - -9 9-9 9- - -1 1-1 1- - -13 13-13 13- - - - Merlangius merlangus euxinus (bacaliar) 31 exemplare Femele -,7 ; Masculi - 1, L. medie - 1, mm G. medie - 11,3 g Fig. The structure of lengths classes at the Merlangius merlangus species Age composition revealed the emergence of individuals from ; + to 3;3 + years, with the domination of 1;1 + years (7.) and - - -17 17-17 17-1 1- -19 19-19 19- : + years (9.,9) individuals. The sex ratio indicates a male domination (1.). Formula fins structure was: D 1 13-17; D -; D 3 17-; A 1 7-3; A 19-; P - 1; V and the brachial thorns were -3. CONCLUSIONS In the three marine sites analyzed, ichthyofauna had a different structure, as follows: 1. In ROSCI 9 Vama Veche Mai site, they had captured most of the fish species dominated by sprat, red mullet and whiting; while valuable species (turbot, Alosa sp.) have been underrepresented.. The ROSCI 73 Marine area from Capul Tuzla site was the poorest in captures ( species). The population of sprat was dominant, being made up of young individuals by 1;1 + year. 3. In ROSCI 37 Submarine structures methanogenic Sf. Gheorghe site, the whiting has prevailed. There are valuable species such as turbot (juvenile), horse mackerel, sturgeons and Alosa sp.. The data obtained shall be considered as preliminary data, future research, illustrating the situation correctly at all sites. It should be considered that few fish species lead a sedentary life, most of them by movements in areas more or less removed. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research work was financed from Project POS MEDIU No. /9. REFERENCES [1] Maximov V., Pătraş E., Oprea L., Zaharia T., Radu Gh.: Analiza evoluţiei cantitative şi calitative a pescuitului principalelor specii peşti de interes comercial, în ultimele două decenii, din sectorul românesc al bazinului pontic, International workshop on fishery and aquaculture, Galaţi,. [] Zaharia T., Maximov V., Micu D., Niţă V., Nedelcu M., Ganea G.: Marine fisheries and Natura network from the Romanian littoral - J. of Environmental Protection and Ecology,. - 9 -